By-elections to the Auckland City Council occur to fill vacant seats in the City Council. The death, resignation, bankruptcy or expulsion of a sitting Councillor can cause a by-election to occur.
Local by-elections usually had a lower turnout compared to full local body elections. A notorious example occurred in August 1961 when a vacancy triggered the second by-election in under a year which had a turnout of only 3.65% of voters, prompting Mayor Dove-Myer Robinson to label the light turnout "...absolutely disgraceful. By failing to exercise their democratic right the public is just asking Parliament to take away from them the right to vote". [1] By-elections on the city council were on occasion deferred if a substantial majority of the council agreed to fill the vacancy by appointment, resulting in the highest polling unsuccessful candidate at the previous election being appointed to the council unless there is a public demand for a poll to be held (known as extraordinary vacancies). This arrangement has happened several times such as in 1940 when Charles Bailey resigned his seat which was taken by Harry Butcher and March 1953 when Arthur Bailey died and his seat was taken by Bob Beechey. [2]
Two future Mayors of Auckland (John Allum and Dove-Myer Robinson) entered the council via by-elections in 1920 and 1952 respectively.
Between 1903 and 1986 municipal elections in Auckland were conducted at large. The following is a list of by-elections held to fill vacancies on the Auckland City Council at large:
Key
Independent | Labour | Citizens & Ratepayers | United Independents | Civic Reform |
Date | Incumbent | Cause | Winner | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1908 | Robert Stopford | Resignation | John Patterson | ||
1909 | Moncrieff Murray McCallum | Resignation | Ralph Thomas Michaels | ||
May 1910 | Lemuel Bagnall | Resignation | Henry Shaw | ||
Sep 1910 | Herbert Smeeton | Resignation | Jonathan Trevethick | ||
1920 | Ernest Davis | Resignation | John Allum | ||
Andrew Entrican | George Hutchison | ||||
1921 | Patrick Nerheny | Death | George Davis | ||
Apr 1922 | Harold Dennett Heather | Death | Alfred Lawry | ||
Peter Mitchell Mackay | Samuel Crookes | ||||
Oct 1922 | Horatio Bagnall | Death | Christopher Furness | ||
1928 | Frederick Brinsden | Death | Tom Bloodworth | ||
1936 | John William Yarnall | Death | Jim Purtell | ||
1938 | George Richardson | Death | Charles Bailey | ||
1952 | Howard Hunter | Expulsion | Dove-Myer Robinson | ||
1954 | Fred Ambler | Expulsion | Fred Ambler | ||
Bruce Barnett | Resignation | Val Chapman | |||
1957 | Keith Buttle | Resignation | Wilfred Fortune | ||
1958 | Howard Hunter | Death | Charlie Passmore | ||
Feb 1961 | James Neil Bradley | Death | Val Chapman | ||
Aug 1961 | Mary Dreaver | Death | Howard Jeffreys | ||
1963 | Tom Pearce | Expulsion | Tom Pearce | ||
Fred de Malmanche | Resignation | William Grant-Mackie | |||
1979 | Bill Barrett | Death | Richard Northey | ||
Between 1986 and 2010 municipal elections in Auckland were held via a Wards system of local electoral districts. [3] The following is a list of by-elections held to fill vacancies on the Auckland City Council under the ward system:
Key
Independent | Citizens & Ratepayers | Alliance |
Ward | Date | Incumbent | Cause | Winner | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Avondale | 1987 | Barry Donovan | Death | Brian Maude | ||
Central | 1988 | Harold Goodman | Death | Sue Corbett | ||
Maungakiekie | 1991 | Grahame Thorne | Resignation | Ken Graham | ||
Hauraki Gulf Islands | 1994 | Sandra Lee | Resignation | Gordon Hodson | ||
Avondale-Roskill | 2000 | Phil Raffills | Death | Noelene Raffills | ||
Avondale-Roskill | 2008 | Linda Leighton | Death | John Lister | ||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Citizens | John Patterson | 1,461 | 40.78 | +6.41 | |
Independent | George Read | 966 | 26.96 | ||
Independent | George Gregory | 612 | 17.08 | +0.75 | |
Independent | Samuel White | 242 | 6.75 | ||
Ind. Labour League | William Rowland | 217 | 6.05 | -7.29 | |
Independent | Rupert Mantell | 40 | 1.11 | ||
Informal votes | 44 | 1.22 | |||
Majority | 495 | 13.81 | |||
Turnout | 3,582 | 17.90 | -21.20 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Citizens | Ralph Thomas Michaels | 1,436 | 51.98 | +11.76 | |
Independent | John Mitchell | 738 | 26.34 | ||
Ind. Labour League | Thomas Walsh | 314 | 11.21 | ||
Independent | William Black | 194 | 6.92 | -9.13 | |
Independent | Joseph George Haddow | 39 | 6.92 | ||
Informal votes | 80 | 2.85 | |||
Majority | 718 | 25.63 | |||
Turnout | 2,801 | 14.36 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Citizens | Henry Shaw | 1,662 | 54.94 | +7.83 | |
Independent | Ernest William Burton | 828 | 27.37 | ||
Independent | William Richardson | 318 | 10.51 | ||
Independent | Thomas Harkins | 201 | 6.64 | ||
Informal votes | 16 | 0.52 | |||
Majority | 834 | 27.57 | |||
Turnout | 3,025 | 15.92 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Citizens | Jonathan Trevethick | 1,420 | 60.68 | ||
Independent | Ernest William Burton | 902 | 38.54 | +11.17 | |
Informal votes | 18 | 0.76 | |||
Majority | 518 | 22.13 | |||
Turnout | 2,340 | 12.31 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Progressive Citizens' | George Hutchinson | 3,495 | 67.93 | ||
Progressive Citizens' | John Allum | 3,115 | 60.54 | ||
Independent | James Dickson | 2,568 | 49.91 | ||
Labour | Ted Phelan | 2,316 | 45.01 | +7.00 | |
Labour | Oscar McBrine | 2,222 | 43.18 | +8.15 | |
Informal votes | 70 | 1.36 | |||
Majority | 547 | 10.63 | |||
Turnout | 5,145 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | George Davis | 1,205 | 47.57 | +7.70 | |
Progressive Citizens' | Eric Inder | 1,186 | 46.82 | +1.03 | |
Independent | Ernest Clark | 142 | 5.60 | ||
Majority | 19 | 0.75 | |||
Turnout | 2,533 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Progressive Citizens' | Alfred Lawry | 3,286 | 30.28 | ||
Progressive Citizens' | Samuel Crookes | 3,246 | 29.91 | ||
Labour | Ted Phelan | 2,245 | 20.68 | -13.60 | |
Labour | Dick Barter | 2,075 | 19.12 | -7.77 | |
Majority | 1,001 | 9.22 | |||
Turnout | 5,426 | 15.10 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independent | Christopher H. Furness | 1,984 | 37.99 | ||
Progressive Citizens' | Dick Thompson | 1,657 | 31.73 | ||
Labour | Jeremiah James Sullivan | 1,581 | 30.27 | ||
Majority | 327 | 6.26 | |||
Turnout | 5,222 | 14.50 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Tom Bloodworth | 4,350 | 55.56 | +21.63 | |
Progressive Citizens' | John Lundon | 2,870 | 36.65 | +7.26 | |
Independent | Harold Schmidt | 693 | 8.85 | +0.82 | |
Majority | 1,480 | 18.90 | |||
Turnout | 7,829 | 19.18 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Jim Purtell | 4,146 | 59.42 | +18.16 | |
Citizens & Ratepayers | William Lang Casey | 2,233 | 32.00 | ||
Independent | James Payne | 543 | 7.78 | +2.02 | |
Informal votes | 55 | 0.78 | |||
Majority | 1,913 | 27.41 | |||
Turnout | 6,977 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Charles Bailey | 11,434 | 51.32 | +16.36 | |
Citizens & Ratepayers | Harry Butcher | 10,758 | 48.28 | +6.02 | |
Informal votes | 87 | 0.39 | |||
Majority | 676 | 3.03 | |||
Turnout | 22,279 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independent | Dove-Myer Robinson | 4,874 | 45.21 | ||
Labour | Richard Wrathall | 3,761 | 34.89 | +0.73 | |
Citizens & Ratepayers | Aubrey Tronson | 2,144 | 19.89 | -14.95 | |
Majority | 1,113 | 10.32 | |||
Turnout | 10,779 | 11.42 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Citizens & Ratepayers | Fred Ambler | 4,523 | 29.13 | -13.48 | |
United Independents | Val Chapman | 3,816 | 24.58 | ||
Labour | Edith Williams | 3,127 | 20.14 | -7.74 | |
Labour | Ronald Akersten | 2,901 | 18.68 | -10.94 | |
Independent | George Mullenger | 1,139 | 7.33 | +1.17 | |
Informal votes | 17 | 0.10 | |||
Majority | 689 | 4.43 | |||
Turnout | 15,523 | 16.38 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Citizens & Ratepayers | Wilfred Fortune | 3,675 | 39.20 | ||
Labour | William Grant-Mackie | 2,011 | 21.45 | -9.66 | |
United Independents | Frederick Johnston | 1,248 | 13.31 | -16.10 | |
Independent | Roy Turner | 832 | 8.87 | ||
Independent | Charles Fisher | 518 | 5.52 | -21.42 | |
Independent | Mary Dawson-Wright | 445 | 4.74 | ||
Independent | Richard Armstrong | 327 | 3.48 | ||
Independent | George Mullenger | 304 | 3.24 | ||
Informal votes | 13 | 0.13 | |||
Majority | 1,664 | 17.75 | |||
Turnout | 9,373 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Citizens & Ratepayers | Charlie Passmore | 2,431 | 41.23 | ||
Labour | William Grant-Mackie | 1,473 | 24.98 | +3.53 | |
Independent | Roy Turner | 989 | 16.77 | +7.90 | |
United Independents | Frederick Johnston | 975 | 16.53 | +3.22 | |
Informal votes | 27 | 0.45 | +0.32 | ||
Majority | 958 | 16.25 | |||
Turnout | 5,895 | 8.11 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Civic Reform | Val Chapman | 2,475 | 56.14 | ||
Independent | Cecil Paine | 460 | 10.43 | ||
Communist | Rita Smith | 380 | 8.62 | ||
Independent | Raymond Barker | 339 | 7.69 | ||
Independent | Mary Dawson-Wright | 267 | 6.05 | ||
Independent | George Mullenger | 251 | 5.69 | ||
Independent | Harold Barry | 236 | 5.35 | ||
Majority | 2,015 | 45.71 | |||
Turnout | 4,408 | 5.80 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Howard Jeffreys | 2,203 | 84.86 | +51.02 | |
Communist | Rita Smith | 341 | 13.13 | +4.51 | |
Informal votes | 52 | 2.00 | |||
Majority | 1,862 | 71.72 | |||
Turnout | 2,596 | 3.65 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Citizens & Ratepayers | Tom Pearce | 2,766 | 27.64 | -9.14 | |
Civic Reform | William Grant-Mackie | 2,672 | 26.70 | -6.54 | |
Citizens & Ratepayers | Clifton Keegan | 2,517 | 25.15 | -9.89 | |
Labour | Thomas Price | 1,205 | 12.04 | -7.13 | |
Communist | Bill Andersen | 454 | 4.53 | -14.82 | |
Communist | George Jackson | 363 | 3.62 | -5.36 | |
Informal votes | 27 | 0.26 | |||
Majority | 155 | 1.54 | |||
Turnout | 10,004 | 12.50 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Richard Northey | 2,798 | 41.20 | +6.89 | |
Citizens & Ratepayers | Kevin Ryan | 1,538 | 22.64 | ||
Independent | Bute Hewes | 1,386 | 20.40 | ||
Independent | Phil Warren | 595 | 8.76 | ||
Independent | Matthew Connor | 264 | 3.88 | -13.95 | |
Cheer Up | Vince Terreni | 210 | 3.09 | ||
Majority | 1,260 | 18.55 | |||
Turnout | 6,791 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independent | Brian Maude | 1,612 | 38.65 | ||
Independent | Jan Grefstad | 896 | 21.48 | ||
Citizens & Ratepayers | Sefulu Ioane | 849 | 20.35 | ||
Labour | Nora Rameka | 813 | 19.49 | ||
Majority | 716 | 17.17 | |||
Turnout | 4,170 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Citizens & Ratepayers | Sue Corbett | 1,172 | 32.82 | ||
Independent | Ross Baxter | 969 | 27.14 | ||
Independent | Peter Boys | 732 | 20.50 | ||
Independent | Peter Beyer | 419 | 11.73 | ||
Independent | Alan Clay | 144 | 4.03 | ||
Independent | Raymond Hyams | 134 | 3.75 | ||
Majority | 203 | 5.68 | |||
Turnout | 3,570 | 28.38 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Citizens & Ratepayers | Ken Graham | 3,536 | 37.70 | ||
Labour | Richard Northey | 1,723 | 18.37 | ||
Green | Laurie Ross | 1,507 | 16.07 | ||
Independent | Peter Boys | 1,356 | 14.46 | ||
Independent | Andrew Stanley | 1,255 | 13.38 | ||
Majority | 1,813 | 19.33 | |||
Turnout | 9,377 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independent | Gordon Hodson | 964 | 33.42 | ||
Independent | Greg Davenport | 845 | 29.29 | ||
Independent | Robert Shadbolt | 274 | 9.50 | ||
Independent | Bruce Marx | 261 | 9.04 | ||
Community Independent | Peta Dubbelman | 172 | 5.96 | ||
Independent | Robyn Storey | 136 | 4.71 | ||
Independent | Ian Andrews | 102 | 3.53 | ||
Independent | John Cranstoun | 66 | 2.28 | ||
Independent | Frederick Boric | 64 | 2.21 | ||
Majority | 119 | 4.12 | |||
Turnout | 2,884 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Citizens & Ratepayers | Noelene Raffills | 7,041 | 35.48 | ||
Independent | Penny Bright | 6,273 | 31.61 | ||
City Vision | Doug Mansill | 2,396 | 12.07 | ||
Independent | Kathy Henderson | 1,829 | 9.21 | ||
Independent | Duncan McDonald | 1,454 | 7.32 | ||
Independent | Jan Grefsted | 851 | 4.28 | ||
Majority | 768 | 3.87 | |||
Turnout | 19,844 | 36.33 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Citizens & Ratepayers | John Lister | 4,710 | 29.01 | ||
City Vision | Catherine Farmer | 4,296 | 26.46 | ||
Independent | Paul Davie | 2,637 | 16.24 | ||
Independent | Feleti Key | 1,641 | 10.11 | ||
Independent | Mohammad Tauqir Khan | 1,063 | 6.54 | ||
Independent | Gillian Bagnall | 719 | 4.42 | ||
Independent | John Williams | 569 | 3.50 | ||
Majority | 414 | 2.55 | |||
Turnout | 16,231 | 26.10 |
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