Earthquakes in Poland are a rare phenomenon. Most often they are caused by rock bursts in coal or copper mines. Natural ones appear in the Carpathian Mountains, Sudetes, or in the Trans-European Suture Zone. Sometimes events from other countries are felt in Poland.
Date | Location | Magnitude | Damage/notes |
---|---|---|---|
5 June 1443 | Sudetes? | 6 (est.) | According to the records in the Jan Długosz chronicle, the earthquake damaged buildings in Kraków and Wrocław killed 30 people. It was the strongest earthquake in the history of Poland. [1] Other research localised the epicenter to Slovakia. [2] |
9 July 1662 | Tatra Mountains | < 6 (est.) | |
26 January 1774 | near Racibórz | 5 (est.) | |
25 August 1785 | Wisła | 5 (est.) | |
3 December 1786 | Tresna | 5.4 (est.) | Damaged buildings in Kraków [3] |
1875 | Hrubieszów | 3.7 | [4] |
4 February – 8 March 1932 | Płock, Łuków, Kock, Lublin, Bogoria, Jędrzejowo, Małogoszcz | 4.0–4.5 | Unusual earthquake swarm on the line of the Trans-European Suture Zone; series of small, shallow quakes, causing cracks in buildings and frozen ground. Cracks in the ground were 2 kilometers long and 1-2 centimeters wide. [5] |
20 November 2004 | Czarny Dunajec | 4.7 | Damage to buildings including schools and a church [6] |
6 January 2012 | Żerków | 3.8 | Small cracks in buildings; strangle[ definition needed ] quake in aseismic area [7] |
10 December 2017 | Wodzisław Śląski, Prudnik, Bielsko-Biała | 3.4 | [8] [9] |
6 July 2020 | Polkowice | 4.9 | No structural damage; one of the strongest, instrumental-registered quakes in Poland [10] |
Between 2015 and 2019, in Polish mines, 23 strong earthquakes occurred, killing 24 miners and damaging buildings on the surface. [11]
Date | Location | Magnitude | Damage/notes |
---|---|---|---|
29 November 1980 | Bełchatów Coal Mine | 4.7 | Cracks in the ground; damaged chimney [12] |
20 July 1987 | Lubin, Copper Mine | 4,8-4,9 | Four miners killed, [13] [14] |
13 January 2005 | KWK Rydułtowy-Anna, Rydułtowy | 3.5 | [15] |
10 March 2013 | KGHM O/ZG Rudna, Polkowice | 4.6 | 19 miners rescued from collapsed part of mine [16] |
29 November 2016 | KGHM O/ZG Rudna, Polkowice | 4.4 | 8 miners killed [17] |
23 April 2022 | KGHM O/ZG Zofiówka | 2.7 | 10 miners killed, 20 others injured [18] [19] |
Martial law in Poland existed between 13 December 1981 and 22 July 1983. The government of the Polish People's Republic drastically restricted everyday life by introducing martial law and a military junta in an attempt to counter political opposition, in particular the Solidarity movement.
Jaskinia Wielka Śnieżna is a limestone cave system in Mount Małołączniak in the Western Tatra Mountains, of the Carpathian Mountains System, in southern Poland. The cave is within Tatra National Park.
Polish–Turkish relations are the foreign relations between Poland and Turkey. Both countries are full members of NATO, OECD, OSCE, the Union for the Mediterranean, the Council of Europe and the World Trade Organisation. Poland and Turkey share many similarities in their cultural history and cuisine and generally relations are cordial. Poland is a member of the European Union, Turkey is not a member.
Albin Franciszek Siekierski was a Polish writer.
The Rudna mine is a large underground mine in the west of Poland in Polkowice, Polkowice County, 350 kilometres south-west of the capital, Warsaw. Rudna represents one of the largest copper and silver reserve in Poland having estimated reserves of 513 million tonnes of ore grading 1.78% copper and 42 g/tonnes silver. The annual ore production is around 13 million tonnes from which 231,000 tonnes of copper and 546 tonnes of silver are extracted.
The 1 Maja coal mine was a large mine in the south of Poland in Wodzisław Śląski, Silesian Voivodeship, 260 km south-west of the capital, Warsaw.
Miss Earth Poland is a title given to a Polish woman who represents Poland at Miss Earth, which is an annual international beauty pageant promoting environmental awareness. The current franchise holder for Miss Earth in Poland is Miss Polonia, who was also the franchise owner for 13 years since 2002.
Patryk Tomasz Jaki is a Polish politician, member of the European Parliament, former Secretary of State in the Ministry of Justice and First Deputy Attorney General, former Chairman of the Verification Committee for Reprivatisation since 2017.
Poland participated in and won the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2018 which took place on 25 November 2018 in Minsk, Belarus. The Polish broadcaster Telewizja Polska (TVP) was responsible for organising their entry for the contest. Roksana Węgiel was internally selected on 21 September 2018 as the Polish representative, competing with the song "Anyone I Want to Be". She won the contest with a total of 215 points.
Halina Weronika Wasilewska-Trenkner was a Polish economist, academic, and finance minister.
Andrzej Selerowicz, originally from Poland, living in Austria, is an LGBT activist, writer and literature translator from the English and German languages into the Polish language.
Jan Krzysztof Żaryn is a Polish historian, professor and politician, who was a Senator in the Senate of Poland from 2015 to 2019.
The COVID-19 pandemic in Poland is part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. In February and March 2020, health authorities in Poland carried out laboratory testing of suspected cases of infection by SARS-CoV-2, as well as home quarantining and monitoring. On 4 March 2020, the first laboratory confirmed case in Poland was announced in a man hospitalised in Zielona Góra. On March 10, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the local transmission phase of SARS-CoV-2 in Poland. On March 12, 2020, the first death from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Poland was that of a 56-year-old woman.
Anna Smoleńska, pseudonym "Hania", Polish student of art history at the University of Warsaw, author of the symbol of Fighting Poland during World War II, girl scout Gray Ranks.
The Blanowice Formation is a geologic formation in Częstochowa, Poland. It is late Pliensbachian-Lowermost Toarcian age. Plant fossils have been recovered from this formation. Along with the Drzewica Formation is part of the Depositional sequence IV-VII of the late lower Jurassic Polish Basin. Deposits of sequences IV, V, VI and VII make up the Blanowice Formation, being all four sequences are of Pliensbachian age, documented by megaspores (Horstisporites). On the upper strata, “sub-coal beds" cover the sequence VII-lower VIII, while the uppermost part of VIII is identified with the Ciechocinek Formation. The Blanowice Formation has been known for decades thanks to the abundant plant fossils and plant roots, but mostly due to the Blanowice Brown Coals, where the oldest Biomolecules found worldwide have been recovered. The Mrzygłód mine dinocyst assemblage is taxonomically undiversified, containing specimens that are good age indicators allowing relatively precise suggestion of its age. Luehndea spinosa, with a single recovered specimen spans between the Late Pliensbachian (Margaritaus) to the Lowermost Toarcian (Tenuicostatum). Other ocal dinocysts such as Mendicodinium range Late Pliensbachian–Aalenian, a wider stratigraphic range. The lower part of the formation is coeval in age with the Gielniów Formation and Drzewica Formation, Lobez Formation and Komorowo Formation (Pomerania), Olsztyn Formation, the lower part of the Rydeback Member of the Rya Formation, lower Fjerritslev or Gassum Formation, lower and middle Sorthat Formation (Bornholm), Neringa Formation (Lithuania). The upper part is coeval with the lowermost upper Rydeback Member, upper Gassum Formation and lower Lava Formation (Lithuania).
Klementyna Suchanow is a Polish author, editor, and activist. She is the co-founder of the women's rights movement All-Poland Women's Strike.
The Roman Dmowski and Ignacy Jan Paderewski Institute for the Legacy of Polish National Thought is a Polish educational and historical research institute. Announced to appear at a press conference on 3 February 2020, it was formally inaugurated by the Minister of Culture and National Heritage, Piotr Gliński, on 17 February that year.
Jan Emeryk Rościszewski is a Polish nobleman, business executive, diplomat and Poland's ambassador to France since April 2022. Previously, he served as the Chairman of the Management Board of PKO Bank Polski in 2021.
Trygław is the largest glacial erratic in Poland and one of the largest in Europe. It is located in the town of Tychowo, in Gmina Tychowo, Białogard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship in north-western Poland. It is located in the local cemetery.