List of elm species

Ulmus subgenera and sectional classification

Classification of Ulmus is based primarily on Whittemore et al 2021. ^[1] Previous Ulmus classifications include Wiegrefe et al 1994, ^[2] and Melville & Heybroek 1971. ^[3]

• Subgenus Indoptelea
  • Ulmus villosa - marn or cherry bark elm
• Subgenus Oreoptelea
  • U. section Blepharocarpus
    • Ulmus americana - American elm, white elm
    • Ulmus laevis - European white elm, fluttering elm, spreading elm, (US) Russian elm
      • Ulmus laevis var. celtidea
      • Ulmus laevis var. laevis
      • Ulmus laevis var. parvifolia
      • Ulmus laevis var. simplicidens
  • U. section Chaetoptelea
    • Ulmus alata - winged elm, Wahoo
    • Ulmus crassifolia - cedar elm
    • Ulmus elongata - long raceme elm
    • Ulmus ismaelis
    • Ulmus mexicana - Mexican elm
    • Ulmus serotina - September elm
    • Ulmus thomasii - rock elm, cork elm
• Subgenus Ulmus
  • U. section Foliaceae
    • Ulmus castaneifolia - chestnut-leafed elm, multi-nerved elm
    • Ulmus changii - Hangzhou elm
      • Ulmus changii var. changii
      • Ulmus changii var. kunmingensis
    • Ulmus chenmoui - Chenmou elm, Langya Mountain elm
    • Ulmus chumlia
    • Ulmus davidiana - David Elm, Father David's elm
      • Ulmus davidiana var. davidiana
      • Ulmus davidiana var. japonica - Japanese elm, Wilson's elm
    • Ulmus harbinensis - Harbin elm
    • Ulmus microcarpa - Tibetan elm
    • Ulmus minor - field elm
      • Ulmus minor subsp. canescens - grey elm, grey-leafed elm, hoary elm
      • Ulmus minor var. italica - Mediterranean elm
    • Ulmus prunifolia - cherry-leafed elm
    • Ulmus pumila - Siberian elm
    • Ulmus szechuanica - Szechuan elm
  • U. section Microptelea
    • Ulmus lanceifolia - Vietnam elm
    • Ulmus parvifolia - Chinese elm, lacebark elm
      • Ulmus parvifolia var. coreana - Korean lacebark elm
      • Ulmus parvifolia var. parvifolia
  • U. section Trichocarpus
    • Ulmus glaucescens - Gansu elm
      • Ulmus glaucescens var. glaucescens
      • Ulmus glaucescens var. lasiocarpa
    • Ulmus lamellosa - Hebei elm
    • Ulmus macrocarpa - large-fruited elm
      • Ulmus macrocarpa var. glabra
      • Ulmus macrocarpa var. macrocarpa
  • U. section Ulmus
    • Ulmus bergmanniana - Bergmann's elm
      • Ulmus bergmanniana var. bergmanniana
      • Ulmus bergmanniana var. lasiophylla
    • Ulmus glabra - wych elm, Scots elm
    • Ulmus laciniata - Manchurian elm, cut-leaf elm
      • Ulmus laciniata var. laciniata
      • Ulmus laciniata var. nikkoensis - Nikko elm
    • Ulmus rubra - slippery elm, red elm
    • Ulmus uyematsui - Alishan elm
    • Ulmus wallichiana - Himalayan elm, Kashmir elm
      • Ulmus wallichiana subsp. xanthoderma
      • Ulmus wallichiana subsp. wallichiana
  • Section Incertae sedis
    • Ulmus gaussenii - Anhui elm
    • Ulmus pseudopropinqua - Harbin spring elm

Extinct elms

• Fossil elms
  • Ulmus affinisLesquereux (syn= Ulmus californicaLesquereux)
  • Ulmus brauniiHeer
  • Ulmus brownelliiLesquereux
  • Ulmus carpinoides(Goeppert) emd Menzel
  • Ulmus chaneyiTanai & Wolfe
  • Ulmus chuchuanus (Berry) LaMotte
  • Ulmus fushunensisWang, Manchester, Li, & Geng
  • Ulmus minimaWard
  • Ulmus minoensisHuzioka
  • Ulmus miopumilaHu & Chaney
  • Ulmus mooreiChaney & Elias
  • Ulmus moragensisAxelrodnom. dubium
  • Ulmus newberryiKnowlton
  • Ulmus okanaganensis Denk & Dillhoff (subgenus Ulmus)
  • Ulmus owyheensisSmith
  • Ulmus paucidentataSmith
  • Ulmus protojaponicaTanai & Onoe
  • Ulmus pseudo-americanaLesquereux
  • Ulmus pseudolongifoliaOishi & Huz
  • Ulmus pyramidalisGoeppert
  • Ulmus pseudopyramidalisKvaček & Hably
  • Ulmus rhamnifoliaWard
  • Ulmus speciosaNewberry (syn= Ulmus tanneriChaney)
  • Ulmus stuchlikiiKohlman-Adamska, Ziembińska-Tworzydło, & Zastawniak
  • Ulmus subparvifoliaNathorst
  • Ulmus tenuiservisLesquereux (syn= Ulmus montanensisBecker)

Ulmus eolaciniata was moved from Ulmus to the new combination Rubus eolaciniata by Tanai and Wolfe in 1977. ^[4]

See also

• List of elm cultivars, hybrids and hybrid cultivars

References

1. Whittemore, A. T.; Fuller, R. S.; Brown, B. H.; Hahn, M.; Gog, L.; Weber, J. A.; Hipp, A. L. (2021). "Phylogeny, Biogeography, and Classification of the Elms (Ulmus)". Systematic Botany. 46 (3): 711–727. doi:10.1600/036364421X16312068417039. S2CID   240155250.
2. Wiegrefe, S. J.; Sytsma, K. J.; Guries, R. P. (1994). "Phylogeny of elms (Ulmus, Ulmaceae): molecular evidence for a sectional classification". Systematic Botany. 19 (4): 590–612. doi:10.2307/2419779. JSTOR   2419779.
3. Melville, R. & Heybroek, H. (1971). Elms of the Himalaya. Kew Bulletin, Vol. 26 (1). Kew, London.
4. Tanai, T.; Wolfe, J. A. (1977). "Revisions of Ulmus and Zelkova in the middle and late Tertiary of western North America" (PDF). US Govt. Print. Off. 1026.

Further reading

• Armstrong, J. V.; Sell, P. D. (1996). "A revision of the British elms (Ulmus L., Ulmaceae): the historical background" . Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 120: 39–50. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8339.1996.tb00478.x . Retrieved 26 October 2017.
• Bean, W. J. (1981). Trees and shrubs hardy in Great Britain, 7th edition. Murray, London.
• Brasier, C. M. (1996). New horizons in Dutch elm disease control. Pages 20–28 in: Report on Forest Research, 1996. Forestry Commission. HMSO, London, UK. Archived 2007-06-28 at the Wayback Machine
• Burdekin, D.A.; Rushforth, K.D. (November 1996). "Elms resistant to Dutch elm disease" (PDF). Arboriculture Research Note. 2/96. Revised by J.F. Webber. Alice Holt Lodge, Farnham: Arboricultural Advisory & Information Service: 1–9. ISSN   1362-5128 . Retrieved 26 October 2017.
• Collin, E. (2001). Elm. In Teissier du Cros (Ed.) (2001) Forest Genetic Resources Management and Conservation. France as a case study. Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Bureau of Genetic Resources. INRA DIC. France.
• Elwes, H. J. & Henry, A. (1913). The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland. Vol. VII. pp 1848–1929. Private publication
• Fu, L., Xin, Y. & Whittemore, A. (2002). Ulmaceae, in Wu, Z. & Raven, P. (eds), (2003). Flora of China, Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, USA.
• Melville, R. & Heybroek, H. (1971). Elms of the Himalaya. Kew Bulletin, Vol. 26 (1). Kew, London.
• Richens, R. H. (1983). Elm. Cambridge University Press.
• Ware, G. (1995). Little-known elms from China: landscape tree possibilities. Journal of Arboriculture, (Nov. 1995). International Society of Arboriculture, Champaign, Illinois, US. .