List of lightning phenomena

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Anvil Crawler over Lake Wright Patman south of Redwater, Texas on the backside of a large area of rain associated with a cold-front Anvil Crawler over Lake Wright Patman south of Redwater, Texas..JPG
Anvil Crawler over Lake Wright Patman south of Redwater, Texas on the backside of a large area of rain associated with a cold-front

This is a list of lightning phenomena.

Types

Gigantic jet as seen from the summit of Mauna Kea, Hawaii. Gigantic jet NOIRLab.jpg
Gigantic jet as seen from the summit of Mauna Kea, Hawaii.


References

  1. Warner, Tom (2017-05-06). "Ground Flashes". ZT Research. Retrieved 2017-11-09.
  2. Singer, Stanley (1971). The Nature of Ball Lightning. New York: Plenum Press. ISBN   978-0-306-30494-1.
  3. Ball, Philip (January 17, 2014). "Focus:First Spectrum of Ball Lightning". Physics. Vol. 7. p. 5. Bibcode:2014PhyOJ...7....5B. doi:10.1103/physics.7.5. Archived from the original on January 18, 2014. Retrieved January 18, 2014.
  4. Tennakone, Kirthi (2007). "Ball Lightning". Georgia State University. Archived from the original on February 12, 2008. Retrieved September 21, 2007.
  5. Porter, Brett (1987). "Brett Porter, Photo in 1987, BBC:Ball lightning baffles scientists, day, 21 December, 2001, 00:26 GMT". Archived from the original on April 20, 2016.
  6. Barry, James (1980), Ball Lightning and Bead Lightning, Springer, Boston, MA, doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-1710-5, ISBN   978-1-4757-1710-5
  7. Minin, V. F.; Baibulatov, F. Kh. (1969). "On the nature of beaded lightning". Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR. 188 (4): 795–798.
  8. Robinson, Dan. "Weather Library: Lightning Types & Classifications". Archived from the original on February 15, 2013. Retrieved March 17, 2013.
  9. "When Lightning Strikes Out of a Blue Sky". DNews. Archived from the original on November 1, 2015. Retrieved October 15, 2015.
  10. Lu, Gaopeng; Cummer, Steven A; Blakeslee, Richard J; Weiss, Stephanie; Beasley, William H (2012). "Lightning morphology and impulse charge moment change of high peak current negative strokes". Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 117 (D4): n/a. Bibcode:2012JGRD..117.4212L. CiteSeerX   10.1.1.308.9842 . doi:10.1029/2011JD016890.
  11. Krehbiel, Paul R; Riousset, Jeremy A; Pasko, Victor P; Thomas, Ronald J; Rison, William; Stanley, Mark A; Edens, Harald E (2008). "Upward electrical discharges from thunderstorms". Nature Geoscience. 1 (4): 233. Bibcode:2008NatGe...1..233K. doi:10.1038/ngeo162. S2CID   8753629.
  12. Lawrence, D (November 1, 2005). "Bolt from the Blue". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on May 14, 2009. Retrieved August 20, 2009.
  13. Scott, A (2000). "The Pre-Quaternary history of fire". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 164 (1–4): 281. Bibcode:2000PPP...164..281S. doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(00)00192-9.
  14. Haby, Jeff. "What is heat lightning?". theweatherprediction.com. Archived from the original on November 4, 2016. Retrieved May 11, 2009.
  15. "megaflash". Glossary of Meteorology. Boston: American Meterological Society. April 11, 2024. Retrieved August 2, 2025.
  16. Peterson, Michael J.; Lang, Timothy J.; Logan, Timothy; Kiong, Cheong Wee; Gijben, Morne; Holle, Ron; Kolmasova, Ivana; Marisaldi, Martino; Montanya, Joan; Pawar, Sunil D.; Zhang, Daile; Brunet, Manola; Cerveny, Randall S. (April 1, 2022), "New WMO Certified Megaflash Lightning Extremes for Flash Distance and Duration Recorded from Space", Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society: 257–261, doi: 10.1175/BAMS-D-21-0254.1 , hdl: 2117/369605 , S2CID   246358397
  17. "Lightning Types and Classifications" . Retrieved October 26, 2017.[ dead link ]
  18. "Definition of Rocket Lightning, AMS Glossary of Meteorology". Archived from the original on August 17, 2007. Retrieved July 5, 2007.
  19. "Glossary". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. National Weather Service. Archived from the original on September 15, 2008. Retrieved September 2, 2008.
  20. Marshall, Tim; David Hoadley (illustrator) (May 1995). Storm Talk. Texas.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  21. Turman, B. N. (1977). "Detection of lightning superbolts". Journal of Geophysical Research. 82 (18): 2566–2568. Bibcode:1977JGR....82.2566T. doi:10.1029/JC082i018p02566.
  22. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 4, 2016. Retrieved December 27, 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  23. Holzworth, R. H. (2019). "Global Distribution of Superbolts". Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 124 (17–18): 9996–10005. Bibcode:2019JGRD..124.9996H. doi: 10.1029/2019JD030975 .
  24. The term "sympathetic lightning" was coined by U.S. astronaut Edward Gibson (1936- ). See:
    • Vonnegut, B.; Vaughan, O. H., Jr.; Brook, M.; Krehbiel, P. (1984) "Mesoscale observations of lightning from Space Shuttle" NASA Technical Memorandum 86451. From p. 1: "Here is another description by Astronaut Gibson of lightning over the Andes, " … A few things which impressed me here: One is the fact that they [i.e., lightning strikes] could go off simultaneously or near simultaneously over a large distance — sympathetic lightning bolts, if you will, analogous to sympathetic flares on the sun. … "
    • Reprinted in: Vonnegut, B.; Vaughan, O. H. Jr.; Brook, M.; Krehbiel, P. (February 1985). "Mesoscale observations of lightning from Space Shuttle". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 66 (1): 20–29. Bibcode:1985BAMS...66...20Y. doi:10.1175/1520-0477(1985)066<0020:MOOLFS>2.0.CO;2. hdl: 2060/19840024717 .
  25. Mazur, Vladislav (November 1982). "Associated lightning discharges". Geophysical Research Letters. 9 (11): 1227–1230. Bibcode:1982GeoRL...9.1227M. doi:10.1029/GL009i011p01227.
  26. Yair, Yoav; Aviv, Reuven; Ravid, Gilad; Yaniv, Roy; Ziv, Baruch; Price, Colin (2006). "Evidence for synchronicity of lightning activity in networks of spatially remote thunderstorms". Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics. 68 (12): 1401–1415. Bibcode:2006JASTP..68.1401Y. doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2006.05.012.
  27. Saba, Marcelo M. F.; Schumann, Carina; Warner, Tom A.; Ferro, Marco Antonio S.; De Paiva, Amanda Romão; Helsdon, John; Orville, Richard E. (2016). "Upward lightning flashes characteristics from high-speed videos". Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 121 (14): 8493–8505. Bibcode:2016JGRD..121.8493S. doi: 10.1002/2016JD025137 .
  28. Warner, Tom A.; Lang, Timothy J.; Lyons, Walter A. (2014). "Synoptic scale outbreak of self-initiated upward lightning (SIUL) from tall structures during the central U.S. Blizzard of 1-2 February 2011". Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 119 (15): 9530–9548. Bibcode:2014JGRD..119.9530W. doi: 10.1002/2014JD021691 .