List of non-avian dinosaur species preserved with evidence of feathers

Last updated

Fossil of Sinornithosaurus millenii, the first evidence of feathers in dromaeosaurids Sinornithosaurus IVPP V12811.jpg
Fossil of Sinornithosaurus millenii , the first evidence of feathers in dromaeosaurids
Cast of a Caudipteryx fossil with feather impressions and stomach content Caudipteryx fossil.jpg
Cast of a Caudipteryx fossil with feather impressions and stomach content
Fossil cast of a Sinornithosaurus millenii Dave NGMC 91.jpg
Fossil cast of a Sinornithosaurus millenii
Jinfengopteryx elegans fossil Jinfengopteryx elegans 2.JPG
Jinfengopteryx elegans fossil

Many non-avian dinosaurs were feathered. Direct evidence of feathers exists for the following species, listed in the order currently accepted evidence was first published. In all examples, the evidence described consists of feather impressions, except those genera inferred to have had feathers based on skeletal or chemical evidence, such as the presence of quill knobs (the anchor points for wing feathers on the forelimb) or a pygostyle (the fused vertebrae at the tail tip which often supports large feathers). [1]

  1. Ostromia crassipes (1970; possibly avialan [2] ) [3] [4]
  2. Avimimus portentosus (inferred 1987: ulnar ridge) [5] [6]
  3. Sinosauropteryx prima (1996) [7]
  4. Fulicopus lyellii , an ichnotaxon, possible squatting Dilophosaurus or similar (1996) [8]
  5. Protarchaeopteryx robusta (1997) [9]
  6. GMV 2124 (1997) [10]
  7. Caudipteryx zoui (1998) [11]
  8. Rahonavis ostromi (inferred 1998: quill knobs; possibly avialan [12] ) [13]
  9. Shuvuuia deserti (1999) [14]
  10. Beipiaosaurus inexpectus (1999) [15]
  11. Sinornithosaurus millenii (1999) [16]
  12. Caudipteryx dongi (2000) [17]
  13. Caudipteryx sp. (2000) [18]
  14. Microraptor zhaoianus (2000) [19]
  15. Nomingia gobiensis (inferred 2000: pygostyle) [20]
  16. Psittacosaurus sp.? (2002) [21]
  17. Scansoriopteryx heilmanni (2002; possibly avialan [22] ) [23]
  18. IVPP V13476 (2003) [24] [25]
  19. Yixianosaurus longimanus (2003; possibly avialan [22] ) [26]
  20. Dilong paradoxus (2004) [27]
  21. Pedopenna daohugouensis (2005; possibly avialan [28] ) [29]
  22. Jinfengopteryx elegans (2005) [30] [31]
  23. Juravenator starki (2006) [32] [33]
  24. Sinocalliopteryx gigas (2007) [34]
  25. Velociraptor mongoliensis (inferred 2007: quill knobs) [35]
  26. Epidexipteryx hui (2008; possibly avialan [22] ) [36]
  27. Similicaudipteryx yixianensis (inferred 2008: pygostyle) [37]
  28. Anchiornis huxleyi (2009; possibly avialan [22] ) [38]
  29. Tianyulong confuciusi ? (2009) [39]
  30. Incisivosaurus sp. (2010) [40] [41]
  31. Concavenator corcovatus ? (inferred 2010: quill knobs?) [42] [43]
  32. Xiaotingia zhengi (2011; possibly avialan [22] ) [44]
  33. Yutyrannus huali (2012) [45]
  34. Sciurumimus albersdoerferi (2012) [46]
  35. Ornithomimus edmontonicus (2012) [47]
  36. Ningyuansaurus wangi (2012) [48]
  37. Eosinopteryx brevipenna (2013; possibly avialan [22] ) [49]
  38. Jianchangosaurus yixianensis (2013) [50]
  39. Aurornis xui (2013; possibly avialan [22] ) [51]
  40. Changyuraptor yangi (2014) [52]
  41. Kulindadromeus zabaikalicus ? (2014) [53]
  42. Citipati osmolskae (inferred 2014: pygostyle) [54]
  43. Conchoraptor gracilis (inferred 2014: pygostyle) [54]
  44. Deinocheirus mirificus (inferred 2014: pygostyle) [55]
  45. Yi qi (2015; possibly avialan [56] ) [57]
  46. Ornithomimus sp. (2015) [58]
  47. Zhenyuanlong suni (2015) [59]
  48. Dakotaraptor steini (inferred 2015: quill knobs) [60]
  49. Apatoraptor pennatus (inferred 2016: quill knobs) [61]
  50. DIP-V-15103 (2016; possibly avialan [62] ) [63]
  51. Jianianhualong tengi (2017) [64] [65]
  52. Serikornis sungei (2017; possibly avialan [22] ) [66]
  53. Caihong juji (2018; possibly avialan [22] ) [67]
  54. Xingtianosaurus ganqi (2019) [68]
  55. Ambopteryx longibrachium (2019; possibly avialan [22] ) [69]
  56. Wulong bohaiensis (2020) [70]
  57. Chirostenotes pergracilis ? (2020) [71]
  58. Dineobellator notohesperus (inferred 2020: quill knobs) [72]
  59. Daurlong wangi (2022) [73]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Troodontidae</span> Extinct family of bird-like dinosaurs

Troodontidae is a clade of bird-like theropod dinosaurs from the Late Jurassic to Late Cretaceous. During most of the 20th century, troodontid fossils were few and incomplete and they have therefore been allied, at various times, with many dinosaurian lineages. More recent fossil discoveries of complete and articulated specimens, have helped to increase understanding about this group. Anatomical studies, particularly studies of the most primitive troodontids, like Sinovenator, demonstrate striking anatomical similarities with Archaeopteryx and primitive dromaeosaurids, and demonstrate that they are relatives comprising a clade called Paraves.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dromaeosauridae</span> Family of theropod dinosaurs

Dromaeosauridae is a family of feathered coelurosaurian theropod dinosaurs. They were generally small to medium-sized feathered carnivores that flourished in the Cretaceous Period. The name Dromaeosauridae means 'running lizards', from Greek δρομαῖος (dromaîos), meaning 'running at full speed', 'swift', and σαῦρος (saûros), meaning 'lizard'. In informal usage, they are often called raptors, a term popularized by the film Jurassic Park; several genera include the term "raptor" directly in their name, and popular culture has come to emphasize their bird-like appearance and speculated bird-like behavior.

<i>Protarchaeopteryx</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Protarchaeopteryx is a genus of turkey-sized feathered theropod dinosaur from China. Known from the Jianshangou bed of the Yixian Formation, it lived during the early Aptian age of the Early Cretaceous, approximately 124.6 million years ago. It was probably a herbivore or omnivore, although its hands were very similar to those of small carnivorous dinosaurs. It appears to be one of the most basal members of the Oviraptorosauria, closely related to Incisivosaurus, or a taxon slightly less closely related to birds than oviraptorosaurs were.

<i>Microraptor</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Microraptor is a genus of small, four-winged dromaeosaurid dinosaurs. Numerous well-preserved fossil specimens have been recovered from Liaoning, China. They date from the early Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation, 125 to 120 million years ago. Three species have been named, though further study has suggested that all of them represent variation in a single species, which is properly called M. zhaoianus. Cryptovolans, initially described as another four-winged dinosaur, is usually considered to be a synonym of Microraptor.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Maniraptora</span> Clade of dinosaurs

Maniraptora is a clade of coelurosaurian dinosaurs which includes the birds and the non-avian dinosaurs that were more closely related to them than to Ornithomimus velox. It contains the major subgroups Avialae, Dromaeosauridae, Troodontidae, Oviraptorosauria, and Therizinosauria. Ornitholestes and the Alvarezsauroidea are also often included. Together with the next closest sister group, the Ornithomimosauria, Maniraptora comprises the more inclusive clade Maniraptoriformes. Maniraptorans first appear in the fossil record during the Jurassic Period, and survive today as living birds.

<i>Sinornithosaurus</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Sinornithosaurus is a genus of feathered dromaeosaurid dinosaur from the early Cretaceous Period of the Yixian Formation in what is now China. It was the fifth non–avian feathered dinosaur genus discovered by 1999. The original specimen was collected from the Sihetun locality of western Liaoning. It was found in the Jianshangou beds of the Yixian Formation, dated to 124.5 million years ago. Additional specimens have been found in the younger Dawangzhangzi bed, dating to around 122 million years ago.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oviraptorosauria</span> Extinct group of dinosaurs

Oviraptorosaurs are a group of feathered maniraptoran dinosaurs from the Cretaceous Period of what are now Asia and North America. They are distinct for their characteristically short, beaked, parrot-like skulls, with or without bony crests atop the head. They ranged in size from Caudipteryx, which was the size of a turkey, to the 8-meter-long, 1.4-ton Gigantoraptor. The group is close to the ancestry of birds. Some researchers such as Maryanska et al (2002) and Osmólska et al. (2004) have proposed that they may represent primitive flightless birds. The most complete oviraptorosaur specimens have been found in Asia. The North American oviraptorosaur record is sparse.

<i>Yixianosaurus</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Yixianosaurus is a maniraptoran theropod dinosaur genus from the Early Cretaceous of China.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Scansoriopterygidae</span> Extinct family of dinosaurs

Scansoriopterygidae is an extinct family of climbing and gliding maniraptoran dinosaurs. Scansoriopterygids are known from five well-preserved fossils, representing four species, unearthed in the Tiaojishan Formation fossil beds of Liaoning and Hebei, China.

Xu Xing is a Chinese paleontologist who has named more dinosaurs than any other living paleontologist. Such dinosaurs include the Jurassic ceratopsian Yinlong, the Jurassic tyrannosauroid Guanlong, the large oviraptorosaur Gigantoraptor, and the troodontid Mei.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Velociraptorinae</span> Extinct subfamily of dinosaurs

Velociraptorinae is a subfamily of the theropod group Dromaeosauridae. Definitive fossils attributed to the subfamily have only been found in the Late Cretaceous deposits of Asia, with Kansaignathus as the basalmost member. While numerous taxa from North America are previously assigned to the velociraptorines, they are now reclassified within different lineages of Eudromaeosauria. Several teeth that may belong to indeterminate velociraptorines have also been discovered in Germany, dating to the Kimmeridgian stage of the Late Jurassic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Avialae</span> Clade including all birds and their ancestors

Avialae is a clade containing the only living dinosaurs, the birds, and their closest relatives. It is usually defined as all theropod dinosaurs more closely related to birds (Aves) than to deinonychosaurs, though alternative definitions are occasionally used.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Paraves</span> Clade of all dinosaurs that are more closely related to birds than to oviraptorosaurs

Paraves are a widespread group of theropod dinosaurs that originated in the Middle Jurassic period. In addition to the extinct dromaeosaurids, troodontids, anchiornithids, and possibly the scansoriopterygids, the group also contains the avialans, which include diverse extinct taxa as well as the over 10,000 species of living birds.

<i>Epidexipteryx</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Epidexipteryx is a genus of small maniraptoran dinosaurs, known from one fossil specimen in the collection of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology in Beijing. Epidexipteryx represents the earliest known example of ornamental feathers in the fossil record.

<i>Xiaotingia</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Xiaotingia is a genus of anchiornithid theropod dinosaur from Middle Jurassic or early Late Jurassic deposits of western Liaoning, China, containing a single species, Xiaotingia zhengi.

<i>Eosinopteryx</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Eosinopteryx is an extinct genus of theropod dinosaurs known to the Late Jurassic epoch of China. It contains a single species, Eosinopteryx brevipenna.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Timeline of dromaeosaurid research</span>

This timeline of dromaeosaurid research is a chronological listing of events in the history of paleontology focused on the dromaeosaurids, a group of sickle-clawed, bird-like theropod dinosaurs including animals like Velociraptor. Since the Native Americans of Montana used the sediments of the Cloverly Formation to produce pigments, they may have encountered remains of the dromaeosaurid Deinonychus hundreds of years before these fossils came to the attention of formally trained scientists.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anchiornithidae</span> Extinct family of dinosaurs

Anchiornithidae is a family of small paravian dinosaurs. Anchiornithids have been classified at varying positions in the paravian tree, with some scientists classifying them as a distinct family, a basal subfamily of Troodontidae, members of Archaeopterygidae, or an assemblage of dinosaurs that are an evolutionary grade within Avialae or Paraves.

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