List of novae in 2018

Last updated

Host galaxies of novae discovered in 2018
Circle frame.svgMilky Way: 15 (30.6%)Andromeda Galaxy: 23 (46.9%)Messier 81: 8 (16.3%)Triangulum Galaxy: 1 (2.0%)Messier 83: 1 (2.0%)NGC 45: 1 (2.0%)
  •   Milky Way: 15 (30.6%)
  •   Andromeda Galaxy: 23 (46.9%)
  •   Messier 81: 8 (16.3%)
  •   Triangulum Galaxy: 1 (2.0%)
  •   Messier 83: 1 (2.0%)
  •   NGC 45: 1 (2.0%)

The following is a list of all novae that are known to have occurred in 2018. A nova is an energetic astronomical event caused by a white dwarf accreting matter from a star it is orbiting (typically a red giant, whose outer layers are more weakly attached than smaller, denser stars) Alternatively, novae can rarely be caused by a pair of stars merging with each other, however such events are vastly less common than novae caused by white dwarfs.

Contents

In 2018, 15 novae were discovered in the Milky Way, 14 being classical novae, and 1 being a dwarf nova of a previously known variable star, V392 Persei, which was discovered in 1972. An additional 23 novae were discovered in the Andromeda Galaxy, 8 in Messier 81, 1 in the Triangulum Galaxy, and 1 in Messier 83. A single luminous red nova was observed in NGC 45.

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The sky locations of the 15 known galactic novae in 2018. Red dots are classical novae, orange dots are dwarf novae, yellow dots are luminous red novae, and blue dots are recurring novae.

List of novae in 2018

In the Milky Way

Nova nameDiscovery dateConstellationRight ascensionDeclinationPeak
brightness (v) [1]
Distance
(light-years) [2]
Absolute
magnitude (v)
Nova typeOrigin system
identified?
Companion star
spectral type [note 1]
V357 Muscae [3] 2018/01/14 Musca 11h 26m 15.03s−65° 31 24.36.511500+6900
−3100
−6.2+0.7
−1.0
ClassicalYesF9V/G0V
V1661 Scorpii [4] 2018/01/17 Scorpius 17h 18m 06.41s−32° 04 27.210.2??ClassicalYes?
FM Circini [5] 2018/01/19 Circinus 13h 53m 27.61s−67° 25 00.95.99400+3700
−2100
−6.4+0.6
−0.7
ClassicalYesG1V
V1662 Scorpii [6] 2018/02/06 Scorpius 16h 48m 49.64s−44° 57 03.010.1??ClassicalYes?
V3664 Ophiuchi [7] 2018/02/12 Ophiuchus 17h 24m 39.96s−24° 21 47.412.545000+99999
−28000
−3.2+2.1
−1.7
ClassicalYesM0II/III
V1663 Scorpii [8] 2018/02/24 Scorpius 17h 03m 47.51s−38° 16 57.112.33400+99999
−1800
2.2+1.6
−7.3
ClassicalMaybe?
V3665 Ophiuchi [9] 2018/03/10 Ophiuchus 17h 14m 02.55s−28° 49 23.99.4??ClassicalYes?
V906 Carinae [10] 2018/03/20 Carina 10h 36m 15.43s−59° 35 53.75.922000+99999
−17000
−8.2+3.7
−3.3
ClassicalYes?
V435 Canis Majoris [11] 2018/03/24 Canis Major 07h 13m 45.90s−21° 12 33.012.0??ClassicalMaybe?
V5857 Sagittarii [12] 2018/04/08 Sagittarius 18h 04m 09.45s−18° 03 55.910.8??ClassicalYes?
V392 Per [13] 2018/04/29 Perseus 04h 43m 21.37s47° 21 25.96.3??dwarf nova & novaYes?
V408 Lupi [14] 2018/06/03 Lupus 15h 38m 43.86s−47° 44 42.09.02910+1700
−780
−0.8+0.7
−1.0
ClassicalMaybeK7V?
V613 Scuti [15] 2018/06/29 Scutum 18h 29m 22.96s−14° 30 44.010.3??ClassicalYes?
V3666 Ophiuchi [16] 2018/08/08 Ophiuchus 17h 42m 24.10s−20° 53 08.89.0??ClassicalNo?
V556 Normae [17] 2018/10/13 Norma 16h 14m 32.92s−53° 30 14.710.2??ClassicalYes?

In the Andromeda Galaxy

Novae are also frequently spotted in the Andromeda Galaxy, and are even slightly more commonly found than in the Milky Way, as there is less intervening dust to prevent their detection. Furthermore, Andromeda is circumpolar for observers north of latitude +48-50, roughly the latitude of the Canadian-American border, allowing observers north of that to search for transients all year.

In 2018, 23 novae were seen in the Andromeda galaxy.

Nova nameDiscovery dateRight ascensionDeclinationPeak
brightness (v) [1]
Absolute
magnitude (v)
PNV J00444425+41424492018/01/1000h 44m 44.25s41° 42 44.918.4-6.1
PNV J00431577+41183932018/01/1200h 43m 15.77s41° 18 39.317.8-6.7
PNV J00423439+40442552018/02/0700h 42m 34.39s40° 44 25.516.7-7.8
PNV J00415059+41254992018/02/2200h 41m 50.59s41° 25 49.917.9-6.6
PNV J00424041+41125222018/03/2100h 42m 40.41s41° 12 52.218.1-6.4
PNV J00425509+41190092018/04/0300h 42m 55.09s41° 19 00.917.6-6.9
PNV J00421895+41135242018/04/1900h 42m 18.95s41° 13 52.416.9-7.6
PNV J00415353+41141212018/04/2900h 41m 53.53s41° 14 12.117.5-7.0
PNV J00434212+41223492018/05/1900h 43m 42.12s41° 22 34.917.0-7.5
PNV J00424144+41173772018/06/2600h 42m 41.44s41° 17 37.717.1-7.4
PNV J00414889+41091482018/07/0100h 41m 48.89s41° 09 14.817.4-7.1
PNV J00420765+41194382018/07/1200h 42m 07.65s41° 19 43.817.3-7.2
PNV J00425261+41184092018/07/1500h 42m 52.61s41° 18 40.918.6-5.9
PNV J00425074+41154612018/07/3100h 42m 50.74s41° 15 46.119.1-5.4
PNV J00424214+41144572018/08/0200h 42m 42.14s41° 14 45.717.5-7.0
PNV J00392190+40154882018/08/1300h 39m 21.90s40° 15 48.819.0-5.5
PNV J00451587+42102692018/08/2100h 45m 15.87s42° 10 26.917.9-6.6
PNV J00424990+41233482018/10/1100h 42m 49.90s41° 23 34.817.9-6.6
PNV J00424012+41172732018/10/1300h 42m 40.12s41° 17 27.317.5-7.0
TCP J00420310+41023312018/10/1500h 42m 03.10s41° 02 33.118.0-6.5
PNV J00424065+41110802018/12/0300h 42m 40.65s41° 11 08.018.7-5.8
PNV J00424241+41194112018/12/1700h 42m 42.41s41° 19 41.118.2-6.3
PNV J00432462+41202222018/12/2200h 43m 24.62s41° 20 22.218.0-6.5
PNV J00424380+41172082018/12/2300h 42m 43.80s41° 17 20.817.5-7.0

In other galaxies

Any galaxy within 20 million light-years of the Sun could theoretically have nova events bright enough to be detected from Earth, although in practice most are only detected in galaxies within 10-15 million light-years of the Milky Way, such as the Triangulum Galaxy, Messier 81, Messier 82, Messier 83, and Messier 94.

In 2018, of the ten novae observed in other galaxies than the Milky Way or the Andromeda Galaxy, eight were in Messier 81, with the remaining two from the Triangulum Galaxy and Messier 83. A luminous red nova, probably caused by the merger of two stars, occurred in NGC 45.

Nova nameDiscovery dateHost galaxyRight ascensionDeclinationPeak
brightness (v) [1]
Distance
(million light-years)
Absolute
magnitude (v)
Type
PNV J13370978-29565762018/01/28 Messier 83 13h 37m 09.78s−29° 56 57.620.715.2-7.6Classical
PNV J09555926+69035172018/01/30 Messier 81 09h 55m 59.26s69° 03 51.720.311.5-7.4Classical
PNV J09545236+69040852018/02/19Messier 8109h 54m 52.36s69° 04 08.520.011.5-7.7Classical
PNV J09553607+69021412018/03/06Messier 8109h 55m 36.07s69° 02 14.120.811.5-6.9Classical
PNV J09551340+69004782018/03/20Messier 8109h 55m 13.40s69° 00 47.821.211.5-6.5Classical
PNV J09553194+69091472018/04/02Messier 8109h 55m 31.94s69° 09 14.720.411.5-7.3Classical
PNV J09555269+68584092018/04/09Messier 8109h 55m 52.69s68° 58 40.920.611.5-7.1Classical
AT 2018bwo2018/05/22 NGC 45 00h 14m 01.72s−23° 11 35.816.432.6-13.6Luminous Red Nova
PNV J09560988+68591082018/10/12Messier 8109h 56m 09.88s68° 59 10.820.111.5-7.6Classical
PNV J01334673+30321812018/10/13 Triangulum Galaxy 01h 33m 46.73s30° 32 18.118.12.65-6.4Classical
PNV J09555246+69020092018/11/06Messier 8109h 55m 52.46s69° 02 00.920.011.5-7.7Classical

See also

Notes

  1. In most cases, the spectral type is estimated based on the absolute magnitude

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Local Group</span> Group of galaxies that includes the Milky Way

The Local Group is the galaxy group that includes the Milky Way, where Earth is located. It has a total diameter of roughly 3 megaparsecs (10 million light-years; 9×1019 kilometres), and a total mass of the order of 2×1012 solar masses (4×1042 kg). It consists of two collections of galaxies in a "dumbbell" shape; the Milky Way and its satellites form one lobe, and the Andromeda Galaxy and its satellites constitute the other. The two collections are separated by about 800 kiloparsecs (3×10^6 ly; 2×1019 km) and are moving toward one another with a velocity of 123 km/s. The group itself is a part of the larger Virgo Supercluster, which may be a part of the Laniakea Supercluster. The exact number of galaxies in the Local Group is unknown as some are occluded by the Milky Way; however, at least 80 members are known, most of which are dwarf galaxies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nova</span> Nuclear explosion in a white dwarf star

A nova is a transient astronomical event that causes the sudden appearance of a bright, apparently "new" star that slowly fades over weeks or months. All observed novae involve white dwarfs in close binary systems, but causes of the dramatic appearance of a nova vary, depending on the circumstances of the two progenitor stars. The main sub-classes of novae are classical novae, recurrent novae (RNe), and dwarf novae. They are all considered to be cataclysmic variable stars.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Andromeda Galaxy</span> Barred spiral galaxy in the Local Group

The Andromeda Galaxy is a barred spiral galaxy and is the nearest major galaxy to the Milky Way. It was originally named the Andromeda Nebula and is cataloged as Messier 31, M31, and NGC 224. Andromeda has a D25 isophotal diameter of about 46.56 kiloparsecs (152,000 light-years) and is approximately 765 kpc (2.5 million light-years) from Earth. The galaxy's name stems from the area of Earth's sky in which it appears, the constellation of Andromeda, which itself is named after the princess who was the wife of Perseus in Greek mythology.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Triangulum Galaxy</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Triangulum

The Triangulum Galaxy is a spiral galaxy 2.73 million light-years (ly) from Earth in the constellation Triangulum. It is catalogued as Messier 33 or NGC 598. With the D25 isophotal diameter of 18.74 kiloparsecs (61,100 light-years), the Triangulum Galaxy is the third-largest member of the Local Group of galaxies, behind the Andromeda Galaxy and the Milky Way.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indus (constellation)</span> Constellation in the southern celestial hemisphere

Indus is a constellation in the southern sky first professionally surveyed by Europeans in the 1590s and mapped on a globe by Petrus Plancius by early 1598. It was included on a plate illustrating southern constellations in Bayer's sky atlas Uranometria in 1603. It lies well south of the Tropic of Capricorn but its triangular shape can be seen for most of the year from the Equator. It is elongated from north to south and has a complex boundary. The English translation of its name is generally given as the Indian, though it is unclear which indigenous people the constellation was originally supposed to represent.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pinwheel Galaxy</span> Galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major

The Pinwheel Galaxy is a face-on, unbarred, and counterclockwise spiral galaxy located 21 million light-years from Earth in the constellation Ursa Major. It was discovered by Pierre Méchain in 1781 and was communicated that year to Charles Messier, who verified its position for inclusion in the Messier Catalogue as one of its final entries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lists of astronomical objects</span>

This is a list of lists, grouped by type of astronomical object.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 300</span> Galaxy in the constellation Sculptor

NGC 300 (also known as Caldwell 70 or the Sculptor Pinwheel Galaxy) is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Sculptor. It was discovered on 5 August 1826 by Scottish astronomer James Dunlop. It is one of the closest galaxies to the Local Group, and it most likely lies between the latter and the Sculptor Group. It is the brightest of the five main spirals in the direction of the Sculptor Group. It is inclined at an angle of 42° when viewed from Earth and shares many characteristics of the Triangulum Galaxy. It is 94,000 light-years in diameter, somewhat smaller than the Milky Way, and has an estimated mass of (2.9 ± 0.2) × 1010M.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 2403</span> Galaxy in the constellation Camelopardalis

NGC 2403 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Camelopardalis. It is an outlying member of the M81 Group, and is approximately 8 million light-years distant. It bears a similarity to M33, being about 50,000 light years in diameter and containing numerous star-forming H II regions. The northern spiral arm connects it to the star forming region NGC 2404. NGC 2403 can be observed using 10×50 binoculars. NGC 2404 is 940 light-years in diameter, making it one of the largest known H II regions. This H II region represents striking similarity with NGC 604 in M33, both in size and location in galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Luminous red nova</span> Stellar explosion with a distinct red colour

A luminous red nova is a stellar explosion thought to be caused by the merging of two stars. They are characterised by a distinct red colour, and a light curve that fades slowly with resurgent brightness in the infrared. Luminous red novae are not related to standard novae, which are explosions that occur on the surface of white dwarf stars.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 45</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus

NGC 45 is a low surface brightness spiral galaxy in the equatorial constellation of Cetus. It was discovered on 11 November 1835 by the English astronomer John Herschel. The galaxy is located at a distance of 22 million light years and is receding with a heliocentric radial velocity of 466 km/s. It is located in the vicinity of the Sculptor Group, but is most likely a background galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">V339 Delphini</span> 2013 nova seen in the constellation Delphinus

V339 Delphini or Nova Delphini 2013 (PNV J20233073+2046041) is a bright nova star in the constellation Delphinus. It was discovered on 14 August 2013 by amateur astronomer Koichi Itagaki in Japan and confirmed by the Liverpool Telescope on La Palma. The nova appeared with a magnitude 6.8 when it was discovered and peaked at magnitude 4.3 on 16 August 2013. A nova is produced by the fusion of accumulated material on the white dwarf nova progenitor acquired from its companion star. The nova system is thus a binary star, and a classical nova. The white dwarf is a carbon-oxygen white dwarf, with an estimated mass of 1.04±0.02 M. There is not yet a consensus about what the binary's orbital period is; estimates range from 3.15 hours to 6.43 hours.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 6984</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Indus

NGC 6984 is a barred spiral galaxy located 180 million light years away in the constellation Indus. It is a Type II Seyfert galaxy, a type of Active galactic nucleus (AGN). It is situated south of the celestial equator, and is visible with the help of a telescope having an aperture of 10 inches or more. It was discovered on 8 July 1834 by British astronomer John Herschel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">V1369 Centauri</span> Nova in the constellation Centaurus

V1369 Centauri, also known as Nova Centauri 2013, was a bright nova in the constellation Centaurus that occurred in 2013. It was discovered on December 2, 2013 by amateur astronomer John Seach in Australia with a magnitude of 5.5. On December 14, 2013 it peaked at about magnitude 3.3, making it the brightest nova so far of this millennium.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">V357 Muscae</span> Nova in the constellation Musca

V357 Muscae was a bright nova in the constellation Musca. It was discovered on January 14, 2018 by Rob Kaufman of Bright, Victoria, Australia with a magnitude of 7.0.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">V392 Persei</span> Nova in the constellation Perseus

V392 Persei, also known as Nova Persei 2018, is a bright nova in the constellation Perseus discovered on April 29, 2018. It was previously known as a dwarf nova.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">YZ Reticuli</span> 2020 Nova in the constellation Reticulum

YZ Reticuli, also known as Nova Reticuli 2020 was a naked eye nova in the constellation Reticulum discovered on July 15, 2020. Previously it was known as a VY Sculptoris type object with the designation MGAB-V207.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Mukai, Koji. "Recent Novae". asd.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  2. Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics . 616. A1. arXiv: 1804.09365 . Bibcode: 2018A&A...616A...1G . doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201833051 .
  3. "CBET 4473: 20180117 : NOVA MUSCAE 2018". Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. IAU. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  4. "CBET 4481: 20180130 : NOVA SCORPII 2018 = PNV J17180658-3204279". Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. IAU. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  5. "CBET 4482: 20180130 : NOVA CIRCINI 2018 = PNV J13532700-6725110". Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. IAU. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  6. "CBET 4488: 20180212 : NOVA SCORPII 2018 No. 2 = PNV J16484962-4457032". Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. IAU. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  7. "CBET 4489: 20180225 : NOVA IN OPHIUCHUS = PNV J17244011-2421463". Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. IAU. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  8. Stanek, K. Z. "ATel #11348: ASAS-SN Discovery of a Possible Galactic Nova ASASSN-18ds". ATel. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  9. "CBET 4492: 20180312 : NEW NOVA IN OPHIUCHUS = TCP J17140253-2849233 = PNV J17140261-2849237". Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. IAU. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  10. "CBET 4498: 20180322 : NOVA CARINAE 2018". Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. IAU. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  11. "CBET 4499: 20180325 : NOVA CANIS MAJORIS 2018 = TCP J07134590-2112330". Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. IAU. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  12. "CBET 4507: 20180412 : NOVA IN SAGITTARIUS = PNV J18040967-1803581". Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. IAU. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  13. "V0392 Per". International Variable Star Index. AAVSO. Retrieved 17 January 2021.
  14. "CBET 4520: 20180605 : NOVA LUPI 2018 = PNV J15384000-4744500". Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. IAU. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  15. "CBET 4530: 20180703 : NOVA SCUTI 2018 = TCP J18292290-1430460". Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. IAU. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  16. "CBET 4540: 20180813 : NEW NOVA IN OPHIUCHUS = PNV J17422408-2053088". Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. IAU. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  17. "CBET 4568: 20181026 : NOVA NORMAE 2018 = PNV J16143400-5330050". Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. IAU. Retrieved 25 January 2019.