The Lockheed Martin JLTV (Joint Light Tactical Vehicle) is a prototype armor-capable vehicle that was one of six original competitors for a Joint Light Tactical Vehicle that will replace the Humvee.[4] The JLTV goal was to provide a family of vehicles able to perform multiple missions protected, sustained and networked mobility for personnel and payload over a full range of operations.[5] Lockheed's JLTV design lost out to the OshkoshL-ATV in August 2015.[6]
The Lockheed JLTV vehicles were powered by a Cumminsdiesel engine coupled to an Allison Transmission. The engine was the primary source of electrical and could provide external power for dismounted users.[3][7][unreliable source?] It could sustain top speeds exceeding 70mph (110km/h), ford 60in (1.5m) of salt or fresh water, and had a gross weight of 24,000lb (11,000kg).[8] The four-cylinder engine had a fuel efficiency of as much as 14 miles per gallon, better than some SUVs. The system did not have an alternator, but instead used an in-line power generator capable of producing 24kW of electricity, which could be scaled up to as much as 75kW.[9]
In August 2012, Meritor Inc. announced they would be integrating their ProTec High Mobility Independent Suspension (HMIS) into the Lockheed JLTV in response to its moving on to the EMD phase of testing. Meritor designed the ProTec Series 30 HMIS to provide enhanced off-road maneuverability and ride quality. Meritor asserted that the system underwent thorough testing, totaling over 100,000 miles of travel.[10] The independent air suspension offered 16in (410mm) of travel and greatly reduced crew fatigue through a smoother ride over terrain.[8]
The vehicle had an improved V-hull to protect from underbody blasts. It had standard armor protection and could accommodate add-on armor kits. In October 2011, Lockheed announced their JLTV met standards for IED-protected vehicles in government blast tests, providing the level of protection with 40 percent less weight than currently deployed all-terrain mine-protected vehicles.[3][7] Its underbody used a modified V-hull called a "cursive W"-shaped hull that was effective in dissipating blasts forward, aft, and out to the sides.[8]
The internal cab had been designed similar to that of a cockpit to make use of all available space. It was made to be ergonomic with capabilities integrated into the dashboard to free up space for the operators to be able to perform their missions. All vehicle variants were the same from the driver's seat forward.[8]
The base vehicle had no specific armament configuration, but could be fitted with a 7.62mm or 12.7mm machine gun.[3][7] Lockheed and Moog Inc. joined to develop the Common Hellfire Package (CHP) to enable the firing of AGM-114 Hellfire missiles from various platforms. The CHP has been test fired from a stationary trailer-mounted pedestal that could be towed behind the Lockheed JLTV. The vehicle also fired Direct Attack Guided Rockets from a pedestal launcher mounted in the bed. The JLTV's ability to integrate these systems would provide troops greater firepower, with the intent being to reduce the need to call for aviation support.[11]
Vehicles for the EMD phase were manufactured at BAE Systems' facility in Sealy, Texas. On 16 October 2013, Lockheed announced production would be moved to their assembly line in Camden, Arkansas. The new manufacturing complex was expected to give better production efficiency and cost reductions. BAE remained a partner on the Lockheed Martin JLTV team, providing integrated cabs, protection solutions[buzzword], and vehicle manufacturing.[12] BAE's Sealy facility was shut down by June 2014.[13] The Lockheed JLTV passed the government's Manufacturing Readiness Assessment (MRA) from 18–19 November 2013, allowing it to be manufactured at the Camden facility.[14]
History
In October 2008, Lockheed won a 27-month contract to continue technology development in the JLTV program. In April 2010, Lockheed delivered the first two of seven operational JLTVs and one companion trailer to the US Army and Marine Corps for the Technology Development (TD) phase testing.[7]
On 23 August 2012, the JLTV program selected Lockheed and two other companies as winners of the Engineering and Manufacturing Development (EMD) phase of the program. Lockheed won a contract to produce 22 prototype vehicles in 27 months for evaluation.[15]
The Lockheed JLTV family underwent a design understanding review from 18–20 December 2012. The government design review assessed all elements of the design and confirmed its overall maturity and requirements compliance. Lockheed used a production-enhanced model, which was lighter and cheaper than the earlier technology demonstration model. By then, the Lockheed JLTV design had over 160,000 combined testing miles. Vehicles produced for the EMD phase of the program began deliveries in spring 2013.[16]
On 21 February 2013, Lockheed demonstrated the ability of their JLTV to fire Hydra 70 rockets. One DAGR rocket and two unguided Hydra rockets were launched from a pedestal launcher mounted on the JLTV prototype. DAGR locked onto the laser spot two seconds after launch, flew 5km (3.1mi) down range and impacted the target within 1 meter of the laser spot. The unguided Hydra 70 rockets were launched down the center of the range, and flew 521 and 2,600 meters. The purpose of the test was to show the capability of the DAGR for ground combat and the ability of the JLTV to launch it.[17]
On 26 June 2013, the last of 22 Lockheed JLTVs produced for the EMD phase rolled off the production line. Long-term testing and evaluation was scheduled for August 22.[18] On 14 August 2013, Lockheed delivered their 22 vehicles to the Army and Marine Corps. Lockheed JLTVs went through over 160,000 combined test miles during technology development.[19]
On 27 August 2013, the Army and Marine Corps announced that full-scale testing of JLTV prototypes would begin the following week, with all three vendors having had 66 vehicles delivered. Each company delivered 22 vehicles and six trailers to Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, and Yuma Proving Ground, Arizona. Previous testing had already put the vehicles through more than 400 ballistic and blast tests on armor testing samples, underbody blast testing, and more than 1,000 miles in shakedown testing. Soldiers from the Army Test and Evaluation Command and personnel from the Defense Department's Office of Test and Evaluation would begin to put the vehicles through realistic and rigorous field testing during 14 months of government performance testing. Testing was to be completed by FY 2015, with a production contract to be awarded to a single vendor for nearly 55,000 vehicles.[20] On 3 September 2013, full-pace, full-scope JLTV testing began at Aberdeen Proving Ground, Yuma, and Redstone Arsenal, Alabama. The program was on track despite sequestration. One vendor was to be selected by July 2015.[21]
On 21 April 2014, Lockheed announced that their JLTV entry had surpassed 100,000 miles in government testing.[22]
Oshkosh'sL-ATV was selected as the winner of the JLTV program on 25 August 2015, and was awarded a $6.75 billion low rate initial base contract with eight options to procure the first 16,901 vehicles for both the Army and Marines.[6][1] Based on accounts from those involved in the JLTV program, Lockheed lost not because of the technical merit or design of its vehicle, but because it was the only contractor that had not demonstrated the ability to build tens of thousands of trucks on a production line.[23] Lockheed's JLTV also demonstrated 1,271 "Mean Miles Between Operational Mission Failure" in a Limited User Test (LUT), compared to 2,968 miles for the Humvee and 7,051 for the winning L-ATV.[24] On 8 September it was disclosed that Lockheed Martin would protest the award to Oshkosh, the same day that AM General decided not to file a protest.[25] On 15 December 2015, the Government Accountability Office (GAO) dismissed Lockheed's protest as Lockheed also filed a claim with the US Court of Federal Claims.[26] Lockheed then attempted to file a preliminary injunction with the U.S. Court of Federal Claims on 17 December,[27] but announced they had withdrawn their protest on 17 February 2016.[28]
Variants
Original
Category A - General purpose mobility, logistics support
Category B - Infantry carrier, command and control
The High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle is a family of light, four-wheel drive, military trucks and utility vehicles produced by AM General. It has largely supplanted the roles previously performed by the original jeep, and others such as the Vietnam War-era M151 Jeep, the M561 "Gama Goat", their M718A1 and M792 ambulance versions, the Commercial Utility Cargo Vehicle, and other light trucks. Primarily used by the United States military, it is also used by numerous other countries and organizations and even in civilian adaptations.
Oshkosh Corporation, formerly Oshkosh Truck, is an American industrial company that designs and builds specialty trucks, military vehicles, truck bodies, airport fire apparatus, and access equipment. The corporation also owns Pierce Manufacturing, a fire apparatus manufacturer in Appleton, Wisconsin, and JLG Industries, a manufacturer of lift equipment, including aerial lifts, boom lifts, scissor lifts, telehandlers and low-level access lifts.
The Cheetah MMPV was a prototype built by the Force Protection, Inc., division of General Dynamics. It was intended as part of Force Protection's armoured military vehicle line-up, which includes the MRAP-class of Buffalo and Cougar vehicles and the Ocelot light protected patrol vehicle (LPPV).
The Joint Light Tactical Vehicle (JLTV) program was a U.S. Army, U.S. Marine Corps and Special Operations Command competition to select a vehicle to partially replace the Humvee fleet with a family of more survivable vehicles having a greater payload. Early studies for the JLTV program were approved in 2006. The JLTV program incorporates lessons learned from the earlier Future Tactical Truck Systems program and other associated efforts.
Mine-Resistant Ambush Protected is a term for United States military light tactical vehicles produced as part of the MRAP program that are designed specifically to withstand improvised explosive device (IED) attacks and ambushes. The United States Department of Defense MRAP program began in 2007 as a response to the increased threat of IEDs during the Iraq War. From 2007 until 2012, the MRAP program deployed more than 12,000 vehicles in the Iraq War and War in Afghanistan.
Plasan is an Israeli-based company that now specializes in survivability solutions for all domains, the design, development and manufacture of protected vehicles, and most recently maneuvering robotics.
The Direct Attack Guided Rocket (DAGR) is a weapons system under development by Lockheed Martin. The program goal is to provide a low cost 2.75 inch (70 mm) precision guided rocket which is compatible with existing Hellfire II systems and launchers in service. The system will use components from the existing Hydra 70 rocket, but differs from other upgrades to the Hydra 70 such as APKWS and LOGIR in that it is designed to be plug and play compatible with the Hellfire missile and use the M299 Hellfire launcher, increasing the load-out by up to four times. DAGR also offers a lock-on before launch capability that is not compatible with the electronics in existing Hydra 70 launchers.
The Humvee replacement process was an effort by the U.S. military to replace the current AM General Humvee multi-purpose motor vehicle. The Humvee had evolved several times since its introduction in 1984, and is now used in tactical roles for which it was not originally intended. The U.S. military pursued several initiatives to replace it, both in the short and long term. The short-term replacement efforts utilize commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) vehicles, while the long-term efforts focused on building requirements for the Humvee replacement and technology research and evaluation in the form of various prototype vehicles.
The Oshkosh M-ATV is a mine-resistant ambush protected (MRAP) vehicle developed by the Oshkosh Corporation for the MRAP All Terrain Vehicle (M-ATV) program. Intended to replace M1114 HMMWVs (Humvee), it is designed to provide the same levels of protection as the larger and heavier previous MRAPs, but with improved mobility.
The Future Tactical Truck System (FTTS) was a United States Armed Forces program for which the Operational Requirements Document was drawn up during 2003. FTTS was a proposed two vehicle modular family that was to replace the AM General High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle, Family of Medium Tactical Vehicles (FMTV), Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT), Palletized Load System (PLS), and all remaining M35, M809 and M939 series of 2.5 and 5 ton trucks. The FTTS-UV was to replace the HMMWV, while the FTTS-MSV was to replace all other types.
The Marine Personnel Carrier (MPC) is a wheeled armored personnel carrier under development for acquisition by the United States Marine Corps. The program was canceled in 2013 but resurrected in 2014 as part of phase one of the Amphibious Combat Vehicle.
The General Tactical Vehicles JLTV Eagle was one of six competitors for a Joint Light Tactical Vehicle that will replace the Humvee. The Eagle JLTV was to provide more protection and performance than the current Humvee. The JLTV Eagle was not selected for the Engineering and Manufacturing Development (EMD) phase of the program.
The Hawkei is an Australian light four-wheel-drive protected mobility vehicle. Originally designed in 2010 to meet an Australian Defence Force (ADF) requirement for a light armoured patrol vehicle to replace some of its Land Rover Perentie variants. The Hawkei is a highly mobile, highly protected, 7-tonne vehicle, with inbuilt systems to allow it to be used as a fighting platform. It has been developed with Vehicle Electronic Architecture to be mission system ready.
The AM General BRV-O competed in an original field of six vehicle designs as part of the JLTV Joint Light Tactical Vehicle program that will replace the Humvee. AM General designed the BRV-O JLTV to provide better protection, performance, payload, transportability, reliability and affordability than the current Humvee.
The Joint Light Tactical Vehicle (JLTV), known and marketed under Oshkosh development as the L-ATV, is a light utility/combat multi-role vehicle. The Oshkosh-developed JLTV was selected for acquisition under the US military's Army-led Joint Light Tactical Vehicle program. In the very early stages of the program it was suggested that JLTV would replace the AM General High Mobility Multi-purpose Wheeled Vehicle (HMMWV) on a one-for-one basis. It is now suggested that the JLTV will partly replace the HMMWV, not replace it.
TAK-4 independent suspension system is a family of independent suspension systems designed and manufactured by Oshkosh Corporation for use on military, severe-duty and emergency vehicles. The system was developed from the mid-1990s.
The M1288 GMV 1.1 is a U.S. Special Operations Command light utility vehicle based on the General Dynamics Flyer 72. The GMV 1.1 replaces the Humvee-based Ground Mobility Vehicle (USSOCOM).
This page is based on this Wikipedia article Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.
