| Long Grove Hospital | |
|---|---|
 Long Grove Asylum | |
  Shown in Surrey | |
| Geography | |
| Location | Epsom |
| Coordinates | 51°20′58″N0°17′24″W / 51.3494°N 0.2901°W |
| Organisation | |
| Care system | Public NHS |
| Type | Mental health |
| History | |
| Opened | 1907 |
| Closed | 1992 |
Long Grove Hospital, formerly Long Grove Asylum, was a mental hospital, part of the Epsom Cluster of hospitals in the Horton area of Epsom, Surrey in the United Kingdom.
The hospital was commissioned by the London County Council and was the fourth institution of the Epsom Cluster of Hospitals. [1] It was designed by George Thomas Hine; re-use of existing plans from other asylums allowed the council to pass the plans through the development stage and approval by the Commissioners in Lunacy faster than a new plan. [2]
At the peak of construction activity on the Long Grove site in 1905 the building contractor, Forster & Dicksee, employed about 1,100 men, around 900 of them recruited from the London unemployed and brought down from Waterloo daily in special trains, half their 4 shilling (20 pence) return fare being at the contractor's expense. [3] The Horton Light Railway was constructed to transport building materials to the site and was later used to transport hospital supplies to Long Grove and the other hospitals on the estate. [3] The facility opened as Long Grove Asylum in 1907. [1]
The central axis of service buildings included the administration block, recreation hall with flanking male and female staff blocks, kitchens and main store. As usual for the time, gender-specific workplaces such as the laundry, workshops and boiler house were located on the side corresponding to their respective workforces. A large arc of corridor linked all wards, with radiating corridors making the entire main complex easily accessible. Parole and infirmary blocks were situated within the grounds, as was a detached chapel, senior staff and official's housing and an isolation hospital. [2]
Between 1907 and 1992 at least 43 female typhoid carriers were held at Long Grove in a secure isolation unit without parole. [4] All of the women came from the London area and despite having recovered from the disease were deemed a public health risk as they still hosted and excreted the bacteria. [4] Hospital staff were made to undergo decontamination on entering and leaving the ward and wore masks and surgical gowns at all times. [4] All toilets in the unit were flushed using boiling water to minimise the risk of infection. [4] It is believed that the women were detained even after the advent of antibiotic treatments in the 1950s, due to the state of their mental health, which may have deteriorated partly as a result of their incarceration. [4] The unit was the subject of a BBC investigation in 2008 which alleged that carriers were kept unnecessarily in "prison-like conditions". [4]
The facility became Long Grove Mental Hospital in 1918 and Long Grove Hospital in 1937. [1] It joined the National Health Service in 1948. [1]
Former patients of the hospital include George Pelham (a man who survived the sinking of two ships, including the RMS Titanic ) in 1939, [1] Josef Hassid (a Polish violin prodigy) in 1943 [5] and Ronnie Kray (one of the Kray twins) in 1957. [1]
After the introduction of Care in the Community in the 1980s the hospital reduced in size and closed in 1992. [1] Most of the buildings were subsequently demolished. Those which were retained were converted into apartments and incorporated into Clarendon Park, a new development of houses and flats. [2] Parts of the surrounding landscaped grounds have been preserved and now form part of Horton Country Park. [6]
Epsom is a town in the Borough of Epsom and Ewell in Surrey, England, about 13.5 miles south of central London. The town is first recorded as Ebesham in the 10th century and its name probably derives from that of a Saxon landowner. The earliest evidence of human activity is from the mid-Bronze Age, but the modern settlement probably grew up in the area surrounding St Martin's Church in the 6th or 7th centuries and the street pattern is thought to have become established in the Middle Ages. Today the High Street is dominated by the clock tower, which was erected in 1847–8.
Josef Hassid was a Polish violinist.
George Thomas Hine FRIBA was an English architect. His prolific output included new county asylums for Hertfordshire, Lincolnshire, Surrey, East Sussex and Worcestershire, as well as extensive additions to many others.
Horton is a semi-rural area with a village centre in the west of the borough of Epsom and Ewell, in the English county of Surrey. It is situated between the settlements of Epsom, West Ewell, Chessington and Malden Rushett. Its principal road is Horton Lane, which runs the length of the area between West Ewell and Epsom Common. Horton covers the west part of the KT19 postcode which comes under part of the Epsom postal area. Horton Country Park also runs along the length of the area, between Epsom Common and West Ewell.
The Horton Light Railway had its origins in a contractor's line built in 1905 to transport building materials, coal and other supplies for London County Council's Epsom Cluster of psychiatric hospitals in the Horton area to the North-West of the town of Epsom. The Light Railway Order did not permit the carriage of passengers. The railway connected with the mainline network just south of Ewell West railway station.
Claybury Hospital was a psychiatric hospital in Woodford Bridge, London. It was built to a design by the English architect George Thomas Hine who was a prolific Victorian architect of hospital buildings. It was opened in 1893 making it the Fifth Middlesex County Asylum. Historic England identified the hospital as being "the most important asylum built in England after 1875".
Horton Country Park is a 152.3-hectare (376-acre) Local Nature Reserve north-west of Epsom in Surrey. It is owned and managed by Epsom and Ewell Borough Council.
St Bernard's Hospital, also known as Hanwell Insane Asylum and the Hanwell Pauper and Lunatic Asylum, was an asylum built for the pauper insane, opening as the First Middlesex County Asylum in 1831. Some of the original buildings are now part of the headquarters for the West London Mental Health NHS Trust (WLMHT).
The Commissioners in Lunacy or Lunacy Commission were a public body established by the Lunacy Act 1845 to oversee asylums and the welfare of mentally ill people in England and Wales. It succeeded the Metropolitan Commissioners in Lunacy.
West Park Hospital was a large psychiatric hospital in Epsom, Surrey.
The Epsom Cluster, also referred to as the Horton Estate, was a cluster or group of five large psychiatric hospitals situated on land to the west of Epsom.
Horton Hospital, formerly called Horton Asylum, was a large psychiatric hospital in the Horton area of Epsom, Surrey.
St Ebba's Hospital formerly Ewell Epileptic Colony (1904–1918) and later Ewell Mental Hospital (1927–1938) is a mental handicap and former psychiatric hospital near Epsom in the county of Surrey, England.
The Manor Hospital, formerly The Manor Asylum and The Manor Certified Institution was a mental handicap and psychiatric hospital in Horton, near Epsom, Surrey, United Kingdom
Netherne Hospital, formerly The Surrey County Asylum at Netherne or Netherne Asylum was a psychiatric hospital in Hooley, Surrey in the United Kingdom.
Epsom and Ewell Cottage Hospital is a small hospital in West Park Road, Horton Lane, Epsom, Surrey. It is managed by CSH Surrey.
Epsom Hospital is a teaching hospital in Epsom, Surrey, England. The hospital is situated on Dorking Road 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) south east of the centre of Epsom. It is managed by the Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust along with the nearby St Helier Hospital.
St Andrews Hospital is a mental health facility in Northampton, England. It is managed by St Andrew's Healthcare.
Henry Devine was a British physician and psychiatrist.
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