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Cardiology is a branch of medicine that deals with the disorders of the heart as well as some parts of the circulatory system. The field includes medical diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart defects,coronary artery disease,heart failure,valvular heart disease and electrophysiology. Physicians who specialize in this field of medicine are called cardiologists,a specialty of internal medicine. Pediatric cardiologists are pediatricians who specialize in cardiology. Physicians who specialize in cardiac surgery are called cardiothoracic surgeons or cardiac surgeons,a specialty of general surgery.
Helen Brooke Taussig was an American cardiologist,working in Baltimore and Boston,who founded the field of pediatric cardiology. She is credited with developing the concept for a procedure that would extend the lives of children born with Tetralogy of Fallot. This concept was applied in practice as a procedure known as the Blalock-Thomas-Taussig shunt. The procedure was developed by Alfred Blalock and Vivien Thomas,who were Taussig's colleagues at the Johns Hopkins Hospital.
The Toronto General Hospital (TGH) is a major teaching hospital in Toronto,Ontario,Canada and the flagship campus of University Health Network (UHN). It is located in the Discovery District of Downtown Toronto along University Avenue's Hospital Row;it is directly north of The Hospital for Sick Children,across Gerrard Street West,and east of Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Mount Sinai Hospital. The hospital serves as a teaching hospital for the University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine. In 2021,Newsweek ranked TGH as the 4th best hospital in the world and 1st in Canada. In 2019,the hospital was ranked first for research in Canada by Research Infosource for the ninth consecutive year.
Boston Children's Hospital formerly known as Children's HospitalBoston until 2012 is a nationally ranked,freestanding acute care children's hospital located in Boston,Massachusetts,adjacent both to its teaching affiliate,Harvard Medical School,and to Dana-Farber Cancer Institute. Dana-Farber and Children's jointly operate the Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center to deliver comprehensive care for all types of childhood cancers. The hospital is home to the largest hospital based pediatric research program in the world. The hospital features 404 pediatric beds and provides comprehensive pediatric specialties and subspecialties to infants,children,teens,and young adults aged 0–21 throughout Massachusetts,the United States,and the world. The hospital also sometimes treats adults that require pediatric care. The hospital uses the Brigham and Women's Hospital's rooftop helipad and is an ACS verified level I pediatric trauma center,1 of 3 in Boston. The hospital features a regional pediatric intensive-care unit and an American Academy of Pediatrics verified level IV neonatal intensive care unit. Boston Children's Hospital has been ranked as best pediatric medical center by U.S. News &World Report more times than any other hospital.
Children's National Hospital is a nationally ranked,freestanding,323-bed,pediatric acute care children's hospital located in Washington D.C.. It is affiliated with the George Washington University School of Medicine and the Howard University College of Medicine. The hospital provides comprehensive pediatric specialties and subspecialties to infants,children,teens,and young adults aged 0–21 throughout the region. The hospital features an ACS verified level I pediatric trauma center,the only in the District of Columbia. Its regional pediatric intensive-care unit and neonatal intensive care units serve the region. The hospital also has a rooftop helipad for critical pediatric transport.
Alberta Children's Hospital (ACH) is the largest public hospital for sick children in the prairie provinces,and is located in Calgary,Alberta,Canada. It is operated by Alberta Health Services –Calgary Health Region. The new facility opened on September 27,2006,and is the first free-standing pediatric facility to be built in Canada in more than 20 years. It was originally opened on May 19,1922,as the Junior Red Cross Children's Hospital. It is located west of the University of Calgary campus grounds and just across from the site of the Foothills Medical Centre.
Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital of NewYork-Presbyterian is a women's and children's hospital at 3959 Broadway,near West 165th Street,in the Washington Heights neighborhood of Manhattan,New York City. It is a part of NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital and the Columbia University Irving Medical Center. The hospital treats patients aged 0–21 from New York City and around the world. The hospital features a dedicated regional ACS designated pediatric Level 1 Trauma Center and is named after financial firm Morgan Stanley,which largely funded its construction through philanthropy.
The University of Alberta Hospital (UAH) is a research and teaching hospital in Edmonton,Alberta,Canada. The hospital is affiliated with the University of Alberta and run by Alberta Health Services,the health authority for Alberta. It is one of Canada's leading health sciences centres,providing a comprehensive range of diagnostic and treatment services to inpatients and outpatients. The UAH treats over 700,000 patients annually.
Atrial septostomy is a surgical procedure in which a small hole is created between the upper two chambers of the heart,the atria. This procedure is primarily used to palliate dextro-Transposition of the great arteries or d-TGA,a life-threatening cyanotic congenital heart defect seen in infants. It is performed prior to an arterial switch operation. Atrial septostomy has also seen limited use as a surgical treatment for pulmonary hypertension. The first atrial septostomy was developed by Vivien Thomas in a canine model and performed in humans by Alfred Blalock. The Rashkind balloon procedure,a common atrial septostomy technique,was developed in 1966 by American cardiologist William Rashkind at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.
The Stollery Children's Hospital is a 218 bed children's hospital that opened in October 2001. It is a "hospital within a hospital," being situated within the University of Alberta Hospital and co-located with Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute in the Walter C. Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre in Edmonton,Alberta,Canada.
Adrian Kantrowitz was an American cardiac surgeon whose team performed the world's second heart transplant attempt at Maimonides Medical Center in Brooklyn,New York on December 6,1967. The infant lived for only six hours. At a press conference afterwards,Kantrowitz emphasized that he considered the operation to have been a failure.
Charles D Fraser,Jr. is the medical director and surgeon of the Texas Center for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease at Dell Children's Medical Center. Formerly,Fraser was chief of congenital heart surgery and cardiac surgeon-in-charge at Texas Children's Hospital,the nation's largest pediatric hospital,served as chief of the Congenital Heart Surgery Division at Baylor College of Medicine,and director of the Adult Congenital Heart Surgery Program at the Texas Heart Institute.
ABO-incompatible (ABOi) transplantation is a method of allocation in organ transplantation that permits more efficient use of available organs regardless of ABO blood type,which would otherwise be unavailable due to hyperacute rejection. Primarily in use in infants and young toddlers,research is ongoing to allow for increased use of this capability in adult transplants. Normal ABO-compatibility rules may be observed for all recipients. This means that anyone may receive a transplant of a type-O organ,and consequently,type-O recipients are one of the biggest beneficiaries of ABO-incompatible transplants. While focus has been on infant heart transplants,the principles generally apply to other forms of solid organ transplantation.
James K. Kirklin is an American cardiac surgeon who has made significant scientific and surgical contributions in the fields of heart transplantation and mechanical circulatory support devices to assist the pumping action of the heart. He is Professor of Surgery,former Director of the Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery (2006-2016),Director of the James and John Kirklin Institute for Research in Surgical Outcomes (2016–present),former Co-Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Comprehensive Cardiovascular Center and holds the James Kirklin Chair of Cardiovascular Surgery at UAB.
Jane Somerville is a British emeritus professor of cardiology,Imperial College,who is best known for defining the concept and subspecialty of grown ups with congenital heart disease (GUCH) and being chosen as the physician involved with Britain's first heart transplantation in 1968.
Catherine Annie Neill was a British pediatric cardiologist who spent the majority of her career at the Johns Hopkins Children's Center in Baltimore,where she worked alongside Helen B. Taussig. Her primary interest was congenital heart defects;she discovered one type of defect,scimitar syndrome,in 1960.
Willis John Potts was an American pediatric surgeon and one of the earliest physicians to focus on the surgical treatment of heart problems in children. Potts set up one of the country's first pediatric surgery programs at Children's Memorial Hospital in Chicago.
Lisa Robinson is a clinician-scientist. She is a University of Toronto professor in the Department of Paediatrics and the Vice Dean Strategy and Operations at the Faculty of Medicine,former Head of the Division of Nephrology at The Hospital for Sick Children,a Senior Scientist at the SickKids Research Institute,and the first-ever Chief Diversity officer for the Faculty of Medicine at University of Toronto.
Leonard Lee Bailey (1942–2019) was an American surgeon who garnered international media attention in 1984 for transplanting a baboon’s heart into a human infant.
Rosemary Radley-Smith was a British paediatric cardiologist who worked at Harefield Hospital,West London for many years and founded several charities. In 2001,she received the Pride of Britain Award.
References
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- ↑ "Independent Panel Named to Investigate Memorial". January 2005. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
- 1 2 "Driving Wonder with Science". Research2Reality. November 20, 2015. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
- 1 2 "Lori Jeanne West". Cardiac Transplant Research. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
- 1 2 Lindstrom, Michelle (September 26, 2016). "The Greatest Gift". Western Canadian Children's Heart Network. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
- 1 2 McDermott, Tricia (March 29, 2004). "Change Of Heart". CBS News. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
- ↑ "Babies able to handle mismatched organ transplants: study". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. October 25, 2004. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
- ↑ Harvey, Janet (April 22, 2013). "Renowned U of A medical researcher to head first national transplant research program". University of Alberta. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
- ↑ "Dr. Lori West: Alberta's 50 Most Influential People 2014". Alberta Venture. July 1, 2014. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
- ↑ "Minister Ambrose announces new appointment to the Governing Council of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research". University of Alberta. April 28, 2014. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
- ↑ Brown, Michael (September 7, 2017). "Six UAlberta researchers elected to the Royal Society of Canada". University of Alberta. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
- ↑ "Heart Transplantation for Babies—Safer and Sooner". Government of Canada. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
- ↑ Brown, Michael (November 6, 2020). "U of A heart transplant expert exploring connection between blood group and COVID-19". University of Alberta. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
- ↑ "Punk rock, heart transplant and Paralympic Games trailblazers among Albertans appointed to Order of Canada". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. December 30, 2020. Retrieved June 28, 2021.