The lunar occultation of Venus refers to a natural phenomenon in which the Moon passes in front of Venus, obstructing it from view on some regions of the Earth. Since the orbital planes of Venus and the Moon are tilted at different angles relative to the ecliptic, occultations happen infrequently. The last time this occurred was on April 7, 2024. [1]
Year | Observation |
---|---|
503 | The Chinese Book of Wei records the lunar occultation of Venus on 5 August 503. [2] |
554 | Medieval sources in Metz record a lunar occultation of Venus at around this time. The most likely date was 9 October 554. [3] |
1476 | Castilian astronomer Abraham Zacuto made a detailed report of a lunar occultation of Venus on 24 July 1476. [4] |
1529 | Renaissance polymath Nicolaus Copernicus observed the Moon occult Venus on 12 March 1529, and he used this and records of occultations from antiquity to deduce the motion of Venus. [5] |
1923 | On 13 January 1923, a lunar occultation of Venus was photographed from the United States. [6] |
1980 | From the British Isles on 5 October 1980, a rare lunar eclipse sequence of Venus and the star Regulus was viewed by multiple observers. [7] |
2007 | The Venus Express spacecraft was in orbit around Venus when a lunar occultation was observed on 18 July 2007. Scientists used the radio transmissions to measure the electron density in the Moon's ionosphere. [8] |
2015 | On the 7 December 2015, the lunar occultation of Venus was observed by astronomers in Texas. [9] Similarly, Joel Kowsky, the astronomer of NASA recorded the lunar occultation of Venus the same day from Washington, D.C. The lunar occultation of Venus on this date was the second lunar occultation of the Venus in the same year. [10] |
2020 | Venus was eclipsed by the Moon at 19 June 2020 from 9:44:15 - 10:46:12 PM (UTC+2). [11] [12] |
2021 | In the year 2021, Venus was occultated in the evening from 6 November to 8 November. [13] On 8 November 2021, the lunar occultation of Venus was observed from the Eastern part of Asia. [14] |
2023 | On 24 March 2023, there was a lunar occultation viewed from Taiwan. [15] On 9 November 2023, there was a lunar occultation observed from Europe. [16] [17] [18] |
Antares is the brightest star in the constellation of Scorpius. It has the Bayer designation α Scorpii, which is Latinised to Alpha Scorpii. Often referred to as "the heart of the scorpion", Antares is flanked by σ Scorpii and τ Scorpii near the center of the constellation. Distinctly reddish when viewed with the naked eye, Antares is a slow irregular variable star that ranges in brightness from an apparent visual magnitude of +0.6 down to +1.6. It is on average the fifteenth-brightest star in the night sky. Antares is the brightest and most evolved stellar member of the Scorpius–Centaurus association, the nearest OB association to the Sun. It is located about 170 parsecs (550 ly) from Earth at the rim of the Upper Scorpius subgroup, and is illuminating the Rho Ophiuchi cloud complex in its foreground.
Aldebaran is a star located in the zodiac constellation of Taurus. It has the Bayer designation α Tauri, which is Latinized to Alpha Tauri and abbreviated Alpha Tau or α Tau. Aldebaran varies in brightness from an apparent visual magnitude 0.75 down to 0.95, making it the brightest star in the constellation, as well as (typically) the fourteenth-brightest star in the night sky. It is positioned at a distance of approximately 65 light-years from the Sun. The star lies along the line of sight to the nearby Hyades cluster.
An eclipse is an astronomical event which occurs when an astronomical object or spacecraft is temporarily obscured, by passing into the shadow of another body or by having another body pass between it and the viewer. This alignment of three celestial objects is known as a syzygy. An eclipse is the result of either an occultation or a transit. A "deep eclipse" is when a small astronomical object is behind a bigger one.
The history of astronomy focuses on the contributions civilizations have made to further their understanding of the universe beyond earth's atmosphere. Astronomy is one of the oldest natural sciences, achieving a high level of success in the second half of the first millennium. Astronomy has origins in the religious, mythological, cosmological, calendrical, and astrological beliefs and practices of prehistory. Early astronomical records date back to the Babylonians around 1000 BCE. There is also astronomical evidence of interest from early Chinese, Central American and North European cultures.
Mercury is the first planet from the Sun and the smallest in the Solar System. In English, it is named after the ancient Roman god Mercurius (Mercury), god of commerce and communication, and the messenger of the gods. Mercury is classified as a terrestrial planet, with roughly the same surface gravity as Mars. The surface of Mercury is heavily cratered, as a result of countless impact events that have accumulated over billions of years. Its largest crater, Caloris Planitia, has a diameter of 1,550 km (960 mi), which is about one-third the diameter of the planet. Similarly to the Earth's Moon, Mercury's surface displays an expansive rupes system generated from thrust faults and bright ray systems formed by impact event remnants.
A ring system is a disc or torus orbiting an astronomical object that is composed of solid material such as gas, dust, meteoroids, planetoids or moonlets and stellar objects.
Venus is the second planet from the Sun. It is a terrestrial planet and is the closest in mass and size to its orbital neighbour Earth. Venus has by far the densest atmosphere of the terrestrial planets, composed mostly of carbon dioxide with a thick, global sulfuric acid cloud cover. At the surface it has a mean temperature of 737 K and a pressure of 92 times that of Earth's at sea level. These extreme conditions compress carbon dioxide into a supercritical state at Venus's surface.
In astronomy, a conjunction occurs when two astronomical objects or spacecraft appear to be close to each other in the sky. This means they have either the same right ascension or the same ecliptic longitude, usually as observed from Earth.
The following is a timeline of Solar System astronomy and science. It includes the advances in the knowledge of the Earth at planetary scale, as part of it.
In astronomy, a transit is the passage of a celestial body directly between a larger body and the observer. As viewed from a particular vantage point, the transiting body appears to move across the face of the larger body, covering a small portion of it.
An occultation is an event that occurs when one object is hidden from the observer by another object that passes between them. The term is often used in astronomy, but can also refer to any situation in which an object in the foreground blocks from view (occults) an object in the background. In this general sense, occultation applies to the visual scene observed from low-flying aircraft when foreground objects obscure distant objects dynamically, as the scene changes over time.
A classical planet is an astronomical object that is visible to the naked eye and moves across the sky and its backdrop of fixed stars. Visible to humans on Earth there are seven classical planets. They are from brightest to dimmest: the Sun, the Moon, Venus, Jupiter, Mars, Mercury and Saturn.
In astronomy, an extraterrestrial sky is a view of outer space from the surface of an astronomical body other than Earth.
Catalina Sky Survey is an astronomical survey to discover comets and asteroids. It is conducted at the Steward Observatory's Catalina Station, located near Tucson, Arizona, in the United States.
The instantaneous Earth–Moon distance, or distance to the Moon, is the distance from the center of Earth to the center of the Moon. In contrast, the Lunar distance, or Earth–Moon characteristic distance, is a unit of measure in astronomy. More technically, it is the semi-major axis of the geocentric lunar orbit. The lunar distance is on average approximately 385,000 km (239,000 mi), or 1.28 light-seconds; this is roughly 30 times Earth's diameter or 9.5 times Earth's circumference. Around 389 lunar distances make up an AU astronomical unit.
A grazing lunar occultation is a lunar occultation in which as the occulted star disappears and reappears intermittently on the edge of the Moon. A team of many observers can combine grazes and reconstruct an accurate profile of the limb lunar terrain.
Mu Geminorum or μ Geminorum, formally named Tejat, is a single star in the northern constellation of Gemini. From parallax measurements obtained during the Hipparcos mission, it is roughly 230 light-years distant from the Sun. The position of the star near the ecliptic means that it is subject to lunar occultations.
The history of Mars observation is about the recorded history of observation of the planet Mars. Some of the early records of Mars' observation date back to the era of the ancient Egyptian astronomers in the 2nd millennium BCE. Chinese records about the motions of Mars appeared before the founding of the Zhou dynasty. Detailed observations of the position of Mars were made by Babylonian astronomers who developed arithmetic techniques to predict the future position of the planet. The ancient Greek philosophers and Hellenistic astronomers developed a geocentric model to explain the planet's motions. Measurements of Mars' angular diameter can be found in ancient Greek and Indian texts. In the 16th century, Nicolaus Copernicus proposed a heliocentric model for the Solar System in which the planets follow circular orbits about the Sun. This was revised by Johannes Kepler, yielding an elliptic orbit for Mars that more accurately fitted the observational data.
In astronomy, a syzygy is a roughly straight-line configuration of three or more celestial bodies in a gravitational system.
469219 Kamoʻoalewa, provisionally designated 2016 HO3, is a very small asteroid, fast rotator and near-Earth object of the Apollo group, approximately 40–100 meters (130–330 feet) in diameter. At present it is a quasi-satellite of Earth, and currently the second-smallest, closest, and most stable known such quasi-satellite (after 2023 FW13). The asteroid was discovered by Pan-STARRS at Haleakala Observatory on 27 April 2016. It was named Kamoʻoalewa, a Hawaiian word that refers to an oscillating celestial object. The object's Earth-like orbit and its composition of lunar-like silicates may be a result of it being lunar ejecta.