Macrocin

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Macrocin
Macrocin.png
Names
IUPAC name
2-[(4R,5S,7R,9R,11E,13E,16R)-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[[(2S,4R,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-4,6-dimethyl-2-tetrahydropyranyl]oxy]-4-dimethylamino-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-tetrahydropyranyl]oxy]-15-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-6-methyl-2-tetrahydropyranyl]oxymethyl]-16-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5,9,13-trimethyl-2,10-dioxo-1-oxacyclohexadeca-11,13-dien-7-yl]acetaldehyde
Other names
Tylosin C
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
PubChem CID
Properties
C45H75NO17
Molar mass 902.07 g/mol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Macrocin is a macrolide antibiotic. Biosynthetically, it is produced from demethylmacrocin by demethylmacrocin O-methyltransferase [1] and is converted to tylosin, an antibiotic used in veterinary medicine, by macrocin O-methyltransferase. [2]

Macrolide A group of often glycosylated macrocyclic compounds formed by chain extension of multiple PROPIONATES cyclized into a large (typically 12, 14, or 16)-membered lactone

The macrolides are a class of natural products that consist of a large macrocyclic lactone ring to which one or more deoxy sugars, usually cladinose and desosamine, may be attached. The lactone rings are usually 14-, 15-, or 16-membered. Macrolides belong to the polyketide class of natural products. Some macrolides have antibiotic or antifungal activity and are used as pharmaceutical drugs.

In enzymology, a demethylmacrocin O-methyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

Tylosin chemical compound

Tylosin is an antibiotic and a bacteriostatic feed additive used in veterinary medicine. It has a broad spectrum of activity against Gram-positive organisms and a limited range of Gram-negative organisms. It is found naturally as a fermentation product of Streptomyces fradiae. It is a macrolide antibiotic.

Related Research Articles

Transferase broad class of enzymes; transfer of a functional group from one substance to another

A transferase is any one of a class of enzymes that enact the transfer of specific functional groups from one molecule to another. They are involved in hundreds of different biochemical pathways throughout biology, and are integral to some of life’s most important processes.

BRENDA is an information system representing one of the most comprehensive enzyme repositories. It is an electronic resource that comprises molecular and biochemical information on enzymes that have been classified by the IUBMB. Every classified enzyme is characterized with respect to its catalyzed biochemical reaction. Kinetic properties of the corresponding reactants are described in detail. BRENDA contains enzyme-specific data manually extracted from primary scientific literature and additional data derived from automatic information retrieval methods such as text mining. It provides a web-based user interface that allows a convenient and sophisticated access to the data.

The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB) is an international non-governmental organisation concerned with biochemistry and molecular biology. Formed in 1955 as the International Union of Biochemistry, the union has presently 77 member countries.

Methyltransferase Group of methylating enzymes

Methyltransferases are a large group of enzymes that all methylate their substrates but can be split into several subclasses based on their structural features. The most common class of methyltransferases is class I, all of which contain a Rossman fold for binding S-Adenosyl methionine (SAM). Class II methyltransferases contain a SET domain, which are exemplified by SET domain histone methyltransferases, and class III methyltransferases, which are membrane associated. Methyltransferases can also be grouped as different types utilizing different substrates in methyl transfer reactions. These types include protein methyltransferases, DNA/RNA methyltransferases, natural product methyltransferases, and non-SAM dependent methyltransferases. SAM is the classical methyl donor for methyltrasferases, however, examples of other methyl donors are seen in nature. The general mechanism for methyl transfer is a SN2-like nucleophilic attack where the methionine sulfur serves as the nucleophile that transfers the methyl group to the enzyme substrate. SAM is converted to S-Adenosyl homocysteine (SAH) during this process. The breaking of the SAM-methyl bond and the formation of the substrate-methyl bond happen nearly simultaneously. These enzymatic reactions are found in many pathways and are implicated in genetic diseases, cancer, and metabolic diseases.

Dihydropteroate synthase

Dihydropteroate synthase is an enzyme classified under EC 2.5.1.15. It produces dihydropteroate in bacteria, but it is not expressed in most eukaryotes including humans. This makes it a useful target for sulfonamide antibiotics, which compete with the PABA precursor.

In enzymology, a 3'-demethylstaurosporine O-methyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

Amine <i>N</i>-methyltransferase

In enzymology, an amine N-methyltransferase is an enzyme that is ubiquitously present in non-neural tissues and that catalyzes the N-methylation of tryptamine and structurally related compounds.

In enzymology, a hexaprenyldihydroxybenzoate methyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

In enzymology, a macrocin O-methyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

An O-methyltransferase (OMT) is a type of methyltransferase enzyme transferring a methyl group on a molecule.

5-hydroxyfuranocoumarin 5-O-methyltransferase is an enzyme with systematic name S-adenosyl-L-methionine:5-hydroxyfurocoumarin 5-O-methyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

23S rRNA (adenine2085-N6)-dimethyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.184, ErmC' methyltransferase, ermC methylase, ermC 23S rRNA methyltransferase, rRNA:m6A methyltransferase ErmC', ErmC', rRNA methyltransferase ErmC' ) is an enzyme with systematic name S-adenosyl-L-methionine:23S rRNA (adenine2085-N6)-dimethyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

23S rRNA (guanine745-N1)-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.187, Rlma(I), Rlma1, 23S rRNA m1G745 methyltransferase, YebH, RlmAI methyltransferase, ribosomal RNA(m1G)-methylase, rRNA(m1G)methylase, RrmA, 23S rRNA:m1G745 methyltransferase) is an enzyme with systematic name S-adenosyl-L-methionine:23S rRNA (guanine745-N1)-methyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

23S rRNA (adenine2503-C2,C8)-dimethyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.194, Cfr, Cfr methyltransferase, Cfr rRNA methyltransferase) is an enzyme with systematic name S-adenosyl-L-methionine:23S rRNA (adenine2503-C2,C8)-dimethyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

23S rRNA (uridine2479-2'-O)-methyltransferase is an enzyme with systematic name S-adenosyl-L-methionine:23S rRNA (uridine2479-2'-O)-methyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

Mycinamicin III 3-O-methyltransferase is an enzyme with systematic name S-adenosyl-L-methionine:mycinamicin III 3-O-methyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

Mycinamicin VI 2-O-methyltransferase is an enzyme with systematic name S-adenosyl-L-methionine:mycinamicin VI 2-O-methyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

L-olivosyl-oleandolide 3-O-methyltransferase is an enzyme with systematic name S-adenosyl-L-methionine:L-olivosyl-oleandolide B 3-O-methyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

References

  1. ↑ EC 2.1.1.102 at IUBMB
  2. ↑ EC 2.1.1.101 at IUBMB


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