Malta competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China from 8 to 24 August 2008. The country's participation at Beijing marked its fourteenth appearance at a Summer Olympics since its début at the 1928 Summer Olympics. The delegation sent by the Malta Olympic Committee consisted of six athletes: sprinters Nikolai Portelli and Charlene Attard, light-middleweight judoka Marcon Bezzina, double trap shooter William Chetcuti and short-distance swimmers Ryan Gambin and Madeleine Scerri.
Birgit Koschischek is an Austrian swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle and butterfly events. She is a two-time Olympian, a four-time Austrian long and short course record holder, and a member of Schwechat Swimming Club in Schwechat, under her personal coach Adam Thoroczkay.
Jördis Steinegger is an Austrian swimmer who specialized in freestyle and individual medley events. She is a two-time Olympian, a nine-time long and short course Austrian record holder, and a member of the Linz Amateur Swimming Club in Linz, under her personal coach Marco Wolf.
Christine Mailliet is a Luxembourgian swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle and butterfly events. She is a multiple-time Luxembourgish record holder in both long and short course freestyle and butterfly.
Rugilė Mileišytė, also known as Rugilė Binevičienė, is a Lithuanian swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. She is a multiple-time Lithuanian champion and a five-time national record holder for both the freestyle and medley relay events. Mileišytė is a member of the swimming team for the Washington State Cougars, and a graduate of social sciences at Washington State University in Pullman, Washington.
Marianela Quesada Barrantes is a Costa Rican swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. She represented Costa Rica at the 2008 Summer Olympics; she currently holds the Costa Rican national record in both the 50 and 100 m freestyle.
Olga Hachatryan is a Turkmenistani swimmer who specialized in sprint freestyle events. Hachatryan represented Turkmenistan at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where she swam in the women's 100 m freestyle event, against Malta's Madeleine Scerri and Macedonia's Elena Popovska. She finished the race in last place for both the first heat and the overall standings, with a time of 1:14.77.
Elena Popovska is a Macedonian swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. She represented the Republic of Macedonia at the 2008 Summer Olympics, placing among the top 50 swimmers in the 100 m freestyle.
Loren Yamilé Bahamonde Cabello is an Ecuadorian swimmer, who specialized in freestyle and butterfly events. She represented her nation Ecuador at the 2008 Summer Olympics, and has won a career total of three bronze medals in a major international competition, spanning the two editions of the South American Games. Moreover, she collected a total of sixteen national records in three freestyle events.
Natasha Moodie is a Jamaican competitive swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. She was a three-time national record holder and NCAA All-American champion, and a member of the Jamaican team at the 2008 Summer Olympics. While studying kinesiology at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan, Moodie trained and swam for the Michigan Wolverines team under head coach Jim Richardson. She is a member of the award-winning Team Rogers in Tulsa, Oklahoma.
Maiko Fujino is a Japanese swimmer, who specialized in long-distance freestyle and individual medley events. She represented her nation Japan at the 2008 Summer Olympics, and has won a career total of six medals in a major international competition, spanning the Pan Pacific Championships and three editions of the Asian Games. Fujino was also a student at Takushoku University in Tokyo.
Nataliya Khudyakova is a Ukrainian swimmer, who specialized in freestyle events.
Melissa Jane Corfe is a South African swimmer, who specialised in freestyle and backstroke events. She is a multiple-time South African champion and record holder for her respective events. Corfe represented her nation South Africa at the 2008 Summer Olympics, and has won a total of five medals, including three golds in the women's freestyle, at the 2007 All-Africa Games in Algiers, Algeria. She also set two national records, as a member of the South African swimming team, in the freestyle and medley relays, at the 2008 FINA World Short Course Championships in Manchester, England.
Anastasiya Sergeyevna Aksenova is a Russian swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. She represented her nation Russia in a sprint freestyle swimming double at the 2008 Summer Olympics, and has also claimed multiple Russian championship titles and national records in both the individual and relay freestyle events. Aksenova was also a member of Suduroyar Svimjifelag in Vagur, Faroe Islands, under the tutelage of head coach Jon Bjarnason.
Sharon Paola Fajardo Sierra is a Honduran swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. She represented her nation Honduras at the 2008 Summer Olympics, and has owned a Honduran record each in both 50 and 100 m freestyle, which were eventually set by Julimar Avila in 2013.
Sigrún Brá Sverrisdóttir is an Icelandic swimmer, who specialized in freestyle events. She represented her nation Iceland at the 2008 Summer Olympics, and has held multiple Icelandic championship titles and national records in the women's freestyle. Sverrisdottir is also a member of the swimming team for the Arkansas Razorbacks, while pursuing her studies at the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville.
Sandra Kazíková is a Czech former swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. She posted a long-course national record time of 25.99 seconds, by winning the 50 m freestyle at the 2008 Czech Winter Championships in Pardubice. Kazikova is also a member of the swimming team for Slavia VŠ Plzeň, and is coached and trained by Ivana Felgrova.
Petra Klosová is a Czech swimmer who specialized in freestyle and backstroke events. She is a two-time Olympian and a multiple-time national champion and record holder for the freestyle and backstroke events.
Elina Partõka is an Estonian former swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. She is a three-time Olympian, and a daughter of Valentin Partyka, who competed in both 200 and 400 m individual medley at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, Germany, representing the Soviet Union.
Chang Hee-jin is a South Korean former swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. She is a two-time Olympian, and a three-time All-American swimmer in the same stroke. Chang is also a former varsity swimmer for the Texas Longhorns, and a graduate of political science at the University of Texas in Austin, Texas. Prior to her time with the Longhorns, she attended Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts, where she was a 4-year varsity athlete and a formerly held various NEPSAC swimming records.
Malta 
