Mairzy Doates

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Mairzy Doates
Mairzy Doates at the 1981 Japan Cup.jpeg
Mairzy Doates, ridden by Cash Asmussen, mid-race at the 1981 Japan Cup
Sire Nodouble
Grandsire Noholme
DamAvalanche Lily
Damsire T. V. Lark
Sex Mare
Foaled1 April, 1976
Hamburg Place, Lexington, Kentucky, U.S.
CountryUnited States
Colour Bay
Breeder Preston W. Madden
Owner Arno D. Schefler
Trainer Horatio Luro, John W. Fulton amongst others
Record33: 12-5-4
Earnings US$740,573 (equivalent to $2,623,000in 2025)
Major wins
Yerba Buena Handicap (G3: 1980, 1981)
La Prevoyante Handicap (Ungraded, [a] 1981)
New York Handicap (G3, 1981)
Matchmaker Handicap (G2, 1981)
International race wins:
Japan Cup (Ungraded, [b] 1981)
Honors
Mairzy Doates Purse
Atlantic City Race Course, 1982
Turf Paradise, 1986
Mairzy Doates Handicap
Saratoga Race Course, 1992
Aqueduct Racetrack, 1996
Golden Gate Fields, 1997
Belmont Park, 1998
Calder Race Course, 2008
Mairzy Doates Stakes
Calder Race Course, 2013

Mairzy Doates (foaled 1 April 1976) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse and multiple graded stakes winner, most remembered for her victory at the inaugural Japan Cup in 1981. Owned by New York City art dealer Arno D. Schefler and trained primarily by future U.S. Racing Hall of Fame inductee Horatio Luro, she competed successfully across the United States from 1978 to 1981, including winning the Yerba Buena Handicap twice.

Contents

In her final race, she travelled to Tokyo to contest the first Japan Cup, an international invitational established by the Japan Racing Association to access Japanese horses' performance against the rest of the world. She defeated the field in course-record time, which alongside the strength of the other foreign horses, was a result that was widely considered as evidence of the disparity between Japanese and international horse-racing standards. Her performance is frequently credited as the catalyst for the JRA’s long-term initiative to improve the caliber of Japanese breeding and racing. Following her victory, which made her 1981's highest earning mare globally, Mairzy Doates retired from racing to become a broodmare in Midway, Kentucky.

Early life

Mairzy Doates was born 1 April 1976, bred by Preston and Patrick Madden, a pair of horse-training brothers who operated out of Hamburg Place farm in Kentucky. [8] [9] Her sire was Nodouble, a multiple graded stakes winner that had retired to stud in 1971, and would later become the leading sire in North America in 1981. [10] [11] In contrast her dam, Avalanche Lily, had only ever raced lightly and never won. However she was a foal of leading sire [12] and 1960 Grass Horse of the Year [13] T. V. Lark, and a descendant of Man o' War. [14] Mairzy Doates' mare line traces directly to Cinq a Sept, winner of the 1927 Irish Oaks, making Mairzy Doates a distant relative of Secretariat. [4]

Two years later in 1978, Arno D. Schefler, a New York art dealer [15] and investment banker who had dealt in Thoroughbred horses since 1967, [16] purchased Mairzy Doates as a weanling from the Maddens. Schelfer was the one to name her, [17] referencing the novelty song "Mairzy Doats" made popular in a 1943 recording by bandleader Al Trace. [18] She was briefly trained by Angel Penna and then Mickey Preger in the year, but by winter Schefler had handed Mairzy Doates to Horatio Luro, a veteran horse-trainer who Schefler had become acquainted with in the early 1970s. Mairzy Doates was brought to Luro's stable in Miami, where in training she had to monitored closely due to the weakness of her ankles. [17]

Racing history

Preger raced Mairzy Doates once as a two year old, with her finishing sixth out of ten at the Aqueduct Racetrack on 22 December 1978. [17] [19] Over the two months Mairzy Doates vied several times for a maiden race victory, eventually winning on her fourth attempt on 4 February, 1979. [c] [8] [22] Her first graded race, the Grade 3 Ruthless Stakes on 18 February, went poorly; Mairzy Doates remained thoroughly distanced from the other horses for the race's entirety until her jockey eased her before the finish line. [23] [24] Nevertheless, Mairzy Doates continued to race throughout the rest of the year, winning several allowance races and placing third in the Grade 1 Alabama Stakes. [17] By December and her final race of the year at the Busher Handicap, commentators had noted Mairzy Doates’ improved performance. [25] [26]

The year after, Mairzy Doates did not manage to place higher than fifth in both of her next two graded races, the Grade 1 Santa Barbara Handicap on 23 March [27] and Grade 2 Gamely Handicap on 4 May. [28] However, on 26 May 1980, she achieved her first graded victory at the Golden Gate’s Grade 3 Yerba Buena Handicap in dominant fashion, beating her opponents in the 1+3⁄8 mi race by six lengths and with a winning time of 2:15. [29] [30] After the race, her jockey Francisco Mena noted the ease of her victory: "There was a little trouble on the backstretch, but I was able to straighten her out. And when I really asked her to run, she pulled away to win about as easily as a horse can. [29]

In July, Mairzy Doates was announced as an entrant in the Grade 2 Matchmaker Stakes, a race so-called as the top three placers' owners were given the choice of several high-end stallions for stud services. [18] However, she had to withdraw after suffering a high fever. [31] Around this time Mairzy Doates was injured, [32] and wasn't able to race again until 22 December, where she won an allowance race by three lengths over Quick As Lightning. [33]

In her final year of racing in 1981, Mairzy Doates again failed to win a Grade 1 race despite three attempts, her best performance being a narrow defeat by a nose in the Santa Barbara Handicap. [34] However, in her following races she subsequently achieved a triple run of graded victories; she repeated her previous win in the Yerba Buena Handicap with a similar large margin of victory, [29] then edged out Love Sign in the New York Handicap [35] , and finally, made up for her withdrawal in the previous year's Matchmaker Stakes through a 1+1⁄4 length victory over Honey Fox. [36] [37] Schelfer considered using his awarded choice of stallion to pair leading stallion Raja Baba with Mairzy Doates, although this plan ultimately fell through and he was instead paired with another of his horses, Jolie Sirene. [38] By July, she was considered a leading contender for turf-racing fillies in North America, [39] and placed in her final two Grade 2 races in the year. [40] [41]

Running in the Japan Cup

In November 1981, Mairzy Doates was one of several American horses invited to Tokyo to take part in the first running of the Japan Cup, an international race over 2,400m designed by the Japanese Racing Association (JRA) to access the performance of their horses against the rest of the world on home turf. [42] [43] While the JRA had attempted to invite several prominent horses such as John Henry, [44] the final line-up of international horses was ultimately deemed nothing special, while Japan fielded an "all star cast", [43] including the year's autumn Tennō Shō's top three finishers. [45] The most favored entrant of the international group was The Very One, [46] [43] [47] the same horse that Mairzy Doates had lost the year's Santa Barbara Handicap by a nose to. [34] The Very One had previously run against Mairzy Doates on three other occasions, each time either winning [48] or placing higher than her. [49] [27] While Mairzy Doates' team accepted the invitation, Luro, now 80 years old and recovering from pneumonia, sent John Fulton to cover as trainer. [32]

On the morning of the race, Schefler and Fulton nearly pulled Mairzy Doates, stating the ground was too firm for her to run on safely and demanding the entire track be watered. Since this was not possible at such short notice and may have caused objections from the Japanese jockeys, the races' organisers pretended to agree, placating Schefler and Frankel by saying that the track would be watered throughout the day. In reality, the sprinklers they pointed out as proof were only for the track's flowerbeds, and the track itself was never touched. [50]

In the race, Mairzy Doates stayed in the mid-pack until the final turn before surging forward in the home straight, overtaking her rivals to win by one length over the Canadian horse Frost King. The Very One finished third, while the leading Japanese runner, Gold Spencer, placed fifth. [51] [52] Her time was 2.25.3, taking a full second off the previous course record set by Green Grass, [51] [53] and came with a purse prize of nearly $300,000. [32] [54]

Retirement

Mairzy Doates was an all-time wonderful mare. There may have been better fillies in history, but the great thing about her was her enormous courage. She would give you everything she ever had. It is one thing to get a filly, any horse, to give you that courage every once once in a while. But Mairzy Doates gave it all of the time.

— Arno D. Schefler, reflecting on his horse after her retirement to The Press of Atlantic City [38]

Following her victory in Japan, Mairzy Doates' team decided against running her in the 1982 Santa Barbara Handicap, and her retirement was announced by the end of January 1982. [55] [56] At the time of her retirement, she was the sixteenth highest money earner in the world for female horses, as well as the highest earning mare globally for 1981. She was transferred to Hurstland Farm in Midway, Kentucky, to stand as a breeding mare, and was quickly paired with the popular French sire Lyphard. Schefler had hoped for a filly to name her 'Dozy Doates'. [38] However, Mairzy Doates' first foal was instead a colt called Mairzy Dancer, [57] born 5 May, 1983. [58]

Mairzy Doates was not considered a successful broodmare. [4] Many of her children did not race, and those which did rarely won. [59] However, Mairzy Doates' final foal, a filly called Nachtigall born in 1998, [59] , sired Etoile Nocturne, [60] a graded winner through the 2009 Grade 3 Hamburg Trophy ran in Hamburg. [61]

Legacy

There are no excuses left. Japan's top-class horses were easily defeated by second-rate American horses in a race where all the conditions were advantageous to Japanese horses. The idea of "raising strong horses" will have to be started all over again.

—  Sankei Sports' coverage of the first Japan Cup. [62]

Led by a supposed "second rate mare" that set a course record, Mairzy Doates' victory at the Japan Cup, alongside the performance of the other foreign horses, greatly shocked the Japanese horseracing industry. [63] [62] [64] While the JRA had anticipated before the race that their horses were not on par with the rest of the world, [65] the lopsided results were still viewed as a "complete defeat". [66] The realization that the nation's best horses had been defeated by a mare considered an unexceptional stakes winner in North America was viewed as a profound humiliation. [62] [67] As such, the event has frequently been credited as a turning point in the JRA's efforts to improve the quality of their racing stock. [65] [43] [68]

Honors

Since Mairzy Doates’ retirement, several one-off races at different racecourses in the United States have been named after her.

Mairzy Doates races
NameDateRacecourseDistance (Track)PurseWinner (Jockey)MarginRef
Mairzy Doates Purse17 July 1982 Atlantic City Race Course 1 mi (Turf)$10,000Majestic North (Pedro Lizarzaburu)5 lengths [69] [70]
Mairzy Doates Purse1 Feb 1986 Turf Paradise 1+1⁄16 mi (Turf)$7,000My Julie (Hugo Dittfach)2 lengths [71] [72]
Mairzy Doates Handicap1 Aug 1992 Saratoga Race Course 1 mi (Dirt)$47,000Lady D'accord (Mike E. Smith)3 lengths [73]
Mairzy Doates Handicap30 Oct 1996 Aqueduct Racetrack 1+3⁄8 mi (Turf)$50,000Majestic Dy (Cornelio Velasquez)4+1⁄2 lengths [74] [75]
Mairzy Doates Handicap18 May 1997 Golden Gate Fields 1+1⁄8 mi (Turf)$35,000Taxable Deduction (Russell Baze)Neck [76]
Mairzy Doates Handicap17 June 1998 Belmont Park 1+1⁄4 mi (Turf)$54,000Jus Agendi (Jose Santos)1⁄2 length [77] [78] [79]
Mairzy Doates Handicap26 April 2008 Calder Race Course 1+3⁄8 mi (Turf)$300,000Mauralakana (Rene Douglas)3⁄4 length [80] [81]
Mairzy Doates Stakes4 May 2013Calder Race Course1+1⁄16 mi (Dirt)$55,000Awesome Belle (Fernando Jara)Nose [82]

Race record

Mairzy Doates race record
DateAgeRaceDistance*TrackOddsFieldFinishWin TimeMarginJockeyRef
22 Dec, 19782 Maiden Special Weight Aqueduct 28.701061:11.8 4⁄5 Jose Amy [83] [19]
7 Jan, 19793Maiden Special WeightAqueduct3.20821:11.8 4⁄5Jose Amy [83] [84]
14 Jan, 19793Maiden Special WeightAqueduct1.301021:13Jose Amy [83] [85]
4 Feb, 19793Maiden Special WeightAqueduct3.40811:44 3⁄5Jose Amy [83] [86]
18 Feb, 19793 Ruthless Stakes (G3)Aqueduct12.5051:51 2⁄5 George Martens [24] [83]
21 Apr, 19793Allowance raceAqueduct22.10951:22 4⁄5 Jacinto Vásquez [83] [87]
6 May, 19793Allowance raceAqueduct3.50611:51 3⁄5Jacinto Vásquez [83] [88]
9 June, 19793Allowance race Belmont Park 4.90811:43 1⁄5Jacinto Vásquez [83] [89]
21 June, 19793Wistful StakesBelmont Park4.30831:50 1⁄5Jacinto Vásquez [83] [90]
15 Jul, 19793 Garden City Handicap Belmont Park3.001162:01Jacinto Vásquez [83] [91]
11 Aug, 19793 Alabama Stakes (G1) Saratoga 13.40532:01 2⁄5 Jean Cruguet [83] [92]
14 Nov, 19793Allowance raceAqueduct3.80521:52 3⁄5Jean Cruguet [83] [93]
22 Nov, 19793Allowance raceAqueduct1.10711:48Jean Cruguet [83] [94]
2 Dec, 19793 Busher Handicap Aqueduct5.001171:38 3⁄5Jean Cruguet [83] [95]
21 Feb, 19804Allowance race Santa Anita 2.00611:45 2⁄5 Eddie Delahoussaye [83] [96]
12 Mar, 19804 Santa Anita Handicap Santa Anita7.80831:48 2⁄5Eddie Delahoussaye [83] [97]
23 Mar, 19804 Santa Barbara Handicap (G1)Santa Anita3.401052:00 2⁄5Eddie Delahoussaye [27] [83]
5 Apr, 19804Santa Lucia HandicapSanta Anita5.80841:40 3⁄5 Bill Shoemaker [83] [98]
4 May, 19804 Gamely Handicap (G2) Hollywood Park 26.101251:47 4⁄5 Octavio Ramirez [28] [83]
26 May, 19804 Yerba Buena Handicap (G3) Golden Gate 3.801012:15 Francisco Mena [29] [83]
22 Dec, 19804Allowance race Calder 5.40611:44 1⁄5 Octavio Aviles [83] [99]
1 Jan, 19815 La Prevoyante Handicap Calder0.901111:47 1⁄5Octavio Aviles [83] [100] [101]
7 Feb, 19815 Orchid Handicap (G2) Gulfstream Park 6.9016111:41 1⁄5Octavio Aviles [83] [102]
28 Feb, 19815 Gulfstream Park Handicap (G1)Gulfstream Park12.70972:03 1⁄5 Jean-Luc Samyn [83] [103]
22 Mar, 19815Santa Barbara Handicap (G1)Santa Anita18.70922:01 1⁄5Eddie Delahoussaye [83] [34]
19 Apr, 19815 San Juan Capistrano Invitational Handicap (G1)Santa Anita6.60952:50 2⁄5Eddie Delahoussaye [83] [104]
25 May, 19815Yerba Buena Handicap (G3)Golden Gate1.701012:15 4⁄5Francisco Mena [83] [105] [106]
20 Jun, 19815 New York Handicap (G3)Belmont Park3.30612:04 Angel Cordero Jr. [83] [107] [108]
3 Jul, 19815 Matchmaker Stakes (G2) Atlantic City 1.80711:56 Cash Asmussen [36] [83]
25 Jul, 19815 Sheepshead Bay Handicap (G2)Belmont Park1.30832:13Cash Asmussen [40] [83]
15 Oct, 19815Handicap raceAqueduct2.10871:41 3⁄5Cash Asmussen [83] [109]
25 Oct, 19815 Long Island Handicap (G2)Aqueduct3.701222:33Angel Cordero Jr. [41] [83]
22 Nov, 19815 [d] Japan Cup [b] Tokyo 15.11512:25.3Cash Asmussen [111] [112]
* Conversion of race distances
Miles Furlongs Meters
0.7561,207
0.87571,408
181,609
1 mi, 70 yd8.321,673
1+1⁄168+1⁄21,710
1+1⁄891,811
1+3⁄169+1⁄21,911
1+1⁄4102,011
1+3⁄8112,213
1.4911.932,400
1+1⁄2122,414
1+3⁄4142,816

Pedigree

Pedigree of Mairzy Doates, bay filly, family: 2-s [10]
Sire
Nodouble 		Noholme Star Kingdom Stardust
Impromptu
Oceana Colombo
Orama
Abla-Jay Double Jay Balladier
Broomshot
Ablamucha Don Bingo
Sweet Betty
Dam
Avalanche Lily 		T. V. Lark Indian Hemp Nasrullah
Sabzy
Miss Larksfly Heelfly
Larksnest
Tumbling War Admiral Man o' War
Brushup
Up The Hill Jacopo
Gentle Tryst

Notes

  1. ↑ Later promoted to G3 in 1982, renamed to the Christophe Clement Stakes in 2025. [1] [2]
  2. 1 2 While the Japan Cup was not formally graded until 1984, [3] Mairzy Doates is frequently reported as a Grade 1 winner in pedigree reports and news articles through her 1981 victory. [4] [5] [6] [7]
  3. ↑ While chronologically Mairzy Doates was still two years old during her races in January and February, since 1834 all Thoroughbred horses in North America are officially given a 1 January birthday to simplify registration and age-based races. [20] [21]
  4. ↑ In Japanese reports of the race, Mairzy Doates is occasionally referred to as six years old; until 2001, Japanese horseracing used the kazoedoshi counting system where horses are considered one at birth and become one year older each New Year. [110]

References

  1. ↑ "Christophe Clement S. presented by Don Julio Tequila (Gr. 3)". Equibase. Archived from the original on 24 January 2026. Retrieved 3 April 2026.
  2. ↑ Hegarty, Matt (30 July 2025). "Santa Anita and Gulfstream rename stakes for Lukas, Clement". Daily Racing Form. Retrieved 30 July 2025.
  3. ↑ 今週の注目レース:ジャパンカップ（G1） [This week's featured race: The Japan Cup (G1)]. Japan Racing Association (in Japanese). 24 November 2024. Archived from the original on 18 November 2024. Retrieved 12 October 2025.
  4. 1 2 3 Hunter, Avalyn (28 June 2013). "Divina Preciosa: A Double Dose of Missy Baba". BloodHorse. Archived from the original on 20 February 2020. Retrieved 10 March 2026.
  5. ↑ "New York Report: Yesterday's Results" (PDF). Thoroughbred Daily News. 12 October 1994. p. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 March 2026. Retrieved 13 March 2026.
  6. ↑ "Kentucky February Mixed Sale 2015 – Hip 448: Wild Hickory" (PDF). Fasig-Tipton Company. 8 February 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 March 2026. Retrieved 13 March 2026.
  7. ↑ Thoroughbred Record 1981, p. 14, Stakes Races: Foreign.
  8. 1 2 "Mairzy Doates (KY)". Equibase. Archived from the original on 16 May 2025. Retrieved 15 January 2025.
  9. ↑ Rees, Jennie (10 May 1987). "Hamburg Place remains breeding ground for success" . The Courier-Journal. p. C3. Retrieved 1 April 2026.
  10. 1 2 "Mairzy Doates Horse Pedigree". Thoroughbred Horse Pedigree Query. Archived from the original on 27 August 2025. Retrieved 9 March 2026.
  11. ↑ Hall, Tom (29 April 2020). "Arkansas-Bred Nodouble a Favorite Son of Oaklawn Park". BloodHorse. Archived from the original on 11 February 2026. Retrieved 28 March 2026.
  12. ↑ "T. V. Lark". The BloodHorse Volume C, Index for 1974. BloodHorse. 1974. p. 38.
  13. ↑ Barnett, Ned (3 July 1981). "Mairzy Doates, Adlibber Top Picks for Matchmaker Stakes" . The Press of Atlantic City. p. 24. Retrieved 13 April 2026.
  14. ↑ "Avalanche Lily Horse Pedigree". Thoroughbred Horse Pedigree Query. Archived from the original on 29 September 2020. Retrieved 30 March 2026.
  15. ↑ Hirsch 1989, p. 106.
  16. ↑ F. T. P. (14 November 1967). "Spirited Bidding Stops At $93,000" . Lexington Herald-Leader. p. 7. Retrieved 10 April 2026.
  17. 1 2 3 4 Hirsch 1989, p. 107.
  18. 1 2 "Trainer hoping his Mairzy Doates will feel her oats in Matchmaker" . The Philadelphia Inquirier. 2 July 1980. p. 6C. Retrieved 30 March 2026.
  19. 1 2 "Aqueduct Charts: 7th - $15,000, maidens" . The Star-Ledger. 23 December 1978. p. 18. Retrieved 30 March 2026.
  20. ↑ Lipsyte, Robert (5 January 1964). "A Sure Thing: Happy Birthday; Jan. 1 Is Universal Date of Birth for Race Horses". The New York Times. p. S11.
  21. ↑ Glover, Amy (6 December 2025). "I Just Learned All Thoroughbred Racehorses Share A Birthday, And I Had No Clue". Huffington Post. Archived from the original on 13 December 2025. Retrieved 3 April 2026.
  22. ↑ "Aqueduct Results: 2nd - $16,000, maidens" . The Miami Herald. 5 February 1979. p. 8C. Retrieved 30 March 2026.
  23. ↑ Whelan, Tom (19 February 1979). "Advance Reason rallies to win Aqueduct feature" . The Herald Statesman. p. B10. Retrieved 30 March 2026.
  24. 1 2 "Aqueduct Charts: 8th - The Ruthless, fillies" . Daily News. 19 February 1979. p. 55. Retrieved 30 March 2026.
  25. ↑ Harris, Russ (2 December 1979). "Aqueduct Analysis". Daily News. p. S22.
  26. ↑ Pricci, John (14 November 1979). "Today at Aqueduct". Newsday. p. 93.
  27. 1 2 3 "Sisterhood scores in Santa Barbara 'cap" . York Daily Record. 24 March 1980. p. 6B. Retrieved 11 April 2026.
  28. 1 2 "Record 80,348 fans come out to Hollypark" . The San Bernardino County Sun. 5 May 1990. p. B11. Retrieved 10 April 2026.
  29. 1 2 3 4 Stumes, Larry (27 May 1980). "A Formful Winner In Yerba Buena" . San Francisco Chronicles. p. 43, 48. Retrieved 5 April 2026.
  30. ↑ Mengee, Robin (27 May 1980). "Mairzy Doates Romps at GGF". Oakland Tribune. p. D4.
  31. ↑ "Game Favored in Matchmaker" . The Star-Ledger. 4 July 1980. p. 33. Retrieved 5 April 2026.
  32. 1 2 3 Hirsch 1989, p. 108.
  33. ↑ Grace, Art (23 December 1980). "Tesher loses Tap Shoes to Luro" . The Miami News. p. 20. Retrieved 5 April 2026.
  34. 1 2 3 "The Very One wins at Santa Anita" . The San Bernardino County Sun. 23 March 1981. p. C6. Retrieved 10 April 2026.
  35. ↑ "3-1 Mairzy Doates Takes Turf Handicap at Belmont". The New York Times. 21 June 1981. p. 5-5. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018.
  36. 1 2 Barnett, Ned (4 July 1981). "Mairzy Doates Win A.C. Matchmaker" . The Press of Atlantic City. p. 20. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
  37. ↑ Harris, Ross (4 July 1981). "Mairzy Doates tops 'Fox' in Matchermaker" . Daily News. p. 33. Retrieved 13 April 2026.
  38. 1 2 3 "Matchmaker Saturday at A.C. Course" . The Press of Atlantic City. 2 July 1982. p. 42. Retrieved 15 December 2025.
  39. ↑ Crist, Steven (26 July 1981). "3-1 Love Sign First In Sheepshead Bay". The New York Times. p. 5-3. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2026.
  40. 1 2 Whelan, Tom (26 July 1981). "Love Sign regains form, wins her first of the year" . Tarrytown Daily News. p. D10. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
  41. 1 2 "Spencer Bay Sprints Out of Pack to Win Burke" . The Lexington Herald. 26 October 1981. p. B6. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
  42. ↑ Shinar, Jack (23 November 2013). "Japan's Calling, but is America Listening?". BloodHorse. Archived from the original on 25 April 2017. Retrieved 13 April 2026.
  43. 1 2 3 4 歴史・沿革 [History of Tokyo Racecourse]. 一般社団法人 東京馬主協会[Tokyo Horse Owners Association] (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 7 October 2025. Retrieved 5 October 2025.
  44. ↑ Kawamura 2020, pp. 99–101.
  45. ↑ 【１９８１年ジャパンカップ】日本競馬〝開国〟元年の衝撃　外国馬の底知れぬ強さを目の当たりに [【1981 Japan Cup】The shock of the first year of Japanese horse racing’s ‘opening’—witnessing the unfathomable strength of foreign horses]. 東スポ競馬[Tospo Keiba] (in Japanese). 24 November 2022. Archived from the original on 13 April 2026. Retrieved 13 April 2026.
  46. ↑ Kawamura 2020, pp. 103.
  47. ↑ "Mairzy Doates wins Japan Cup". The Press. 24 November 1981. p. 30. Retrieved 13 April 2026.
  48. ↑ "The Very One is at Santa Anita" . The Miami News. 13 March 1980. p. 4RG. Retrieved 13 April 2026.
  49. ↑ Evans, Luther. "Orchid winner spills Vasquez" . The Miami Herald. p. 11C. Retrieved 13 April 2026.
  50. ↑ Kawamura 2020, pp. 116–119.
  51. 1 2 Kawamura 2020, pp. 120–121.
  52. ↑ "Tokyo Record Set By Mairzy Doates". The New York Times. 23 November 1981. p. C9. Archived from the original on 24 May 2015. Retrieved 15 December 2025.
  53. ↑ Gaffer, Wes (24 November 1981). "Japan win has Asmussen riding in the clouds" . Daily News. p. 62. Retrieved 13 April 2026.
  54. ↑ "U.S. horse Mairzy Doates wins rich Japan Cup race by 1 length" . The Baltimore Sun. 23 November 1981. p. B6. Retrieved 11 April 2026.
  55. ↑ "Retire Mairzy Doates; To Be Bred to Lyphard". Daily Racing Form. 27 January 1982.
  56. ↑ Millson, Larry (30 January 1982). "It's Business First, Francis Finds". The Globe and Mail. p. S8 – via Factiva.
  57. ↑ "Mairzy Dancer (USA)". JBIS-Search. Archived from the original on 13 April 2026. Retrieved 10 March 2026.
  58. ↑ "Short Notes". Bloodhorse. 21 May 1983. p. 3494.
  59. 1 2 "Mairzy Doates Offspring". Thoroughbred Horse Pedigree Query. Archived from the original on 13 March 2026. Retrieved 12 March 2026.
  60. ↑ "Etoile Nocturne Horse Pedigree". Thoroughbred Horse Pedigree Query. Archived from the original on 30 January 2016. Retrieved 12 March 2026.
  61. ↑ "Full Result 4.45 Hamburg (GER)". Racing Post. 4 July 2009. Archived from the original on 31 May 2025. Retrieved 12 March 2026.
  62. 1 2 3 Kawamura 2020, p. 125.
  63. ↑ Yamamoto, Tomoyuki (25 November 2018). 韓国馬が地元G1で日本馬にボロ負けする理由 [Why Korean horses lose to Japanese horses in local G1s]. 東洋経済オンライン[Weekly Toyo Keizai] (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 9 October 2025. Retrieved 2025-10-05.
  64. ↑ 拝啓　寺山修司様　日本馬が招待馬をけ散らすことが当たり前の時代がやってきました　没後４０年の「風の吹くまゝ」 [Dear Mr. Shuji Terayama, the era has arrived when Japanese racehorses routinely sweep aside invited foreign competitors. “As the Wind Blows” — on the 40th anniversary of your passing.]. スポーツ報知[Sports Hochi] (in Japanese). 22 November 2023. Archived from the original on 13 April 2026. Retrieved 13 April 2026.
  65. 1 2 Duckworth, Amanda (23 November 2017). "For Kitasan Black, the Finish Line Draws Near". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 23 November 2017. Retrieved 13 April 2026.
  66. ↑ 「最初のジャパンカップを覚えている」武豊が語った"世界と日本競馬"。 ["I remember the first Japan Cup." Yutaka Take speaks about "the world and Japanese horse racing."]. Sports Graphic Number (in Japanese). 22 October 2015. Archived from the original on 7 February 2026. Retrieved 14 April 2026.
  67. ↑ 堀井, 六郎 (17 December 2024). 【名馬伝説】「逃走劇」が生んだ日本馬初勝利、名脇役・カツラギエースがジャパンカップの舞台で主役になった日 [Legendary Racehorses: The “escape run” that produced Japan’s first Japanese victory — the day supporting actor Katsuragi Ace became the star on the Japan Cup stage]. JBPress (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 22 January 2026. Retrieved 14 April 2026.
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  101. ↑ Grace, Art (2 January 1981). "Refreshing press breakfast at Lum's" . The Miami News. p. 4RG. Retrieved 10 April 2026.
  102. ↑ "Gulfstream Charts, Ninth Race" . The Miami Herald. 8 February 1981. p. 11C. Retrieved 10 April 2026.
  103. ↑ Evans, Luther (1 March 1981). "'Hurry Up' Captures Gulfstream" . The Miami Herald. p. C1. Retrieved 10 April 2026.
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  110. ↑ 2001年から年齢表記を変更 [Age Notation to Change Starting in 2001]. netkeiba (in Japanese). 18 January 2000. Archived from the original on 7 April 2026. Retrieved 7 April 2026.
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Bibliography

  • The Thoroughbred Record: January-December 1981. Brant Publications. 1981.
  • Hirsch, Joe (1989). The Grand Senor: The Fabulous Career of Horatio Luro. BloodHorse. ISBN   978-0-939049-25-7.
  • Kawamura, Kiyoaki (19 November 2020). 【増補版】ミスター・ジャパンカップと呼ばれた男 競馬国際化の礎を作り上げた「異端」の挑戦[The Man Called Mr. Japan Cup: The "Heretical" Challenge that Built the Foundation for International Horseracing (Extended Edition)] (in Japanese). ASIN   B00HV8LL0C. [ISBN unspecified]


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