Manors of County Dublin |
---|
The Liberties in Dublin City |
Thomas Court and Donore St. Sepulchre Deanery of St Patrick |
Manors outside the city |
Glasnevin Kilmainham |
The Manor of Kilmainham was a manor encompassing the village of Kilmainham in County Dublin, Ireland, just outside the city of Dublin. It was one of several manors, or liberties, that existed in Dublin after the arrival of the Anglo-Normans in the 12th century. The manors were town lands united to the city, but still preserving their own jurisdiction. [1]
The boundaries of this liberty were first drawn up by John, when Lord of Ireland, in 1192, referring to a former charter of local franchises granted by King Henry II of England which are now lost.
The lands on the banks of the Liffey at Kilmainham, near Dublin, were granted to the Knights Hospitaller of St John of Jerusalem. It was incorrectly recorded by Walter Harris as originally belonging to the Knights Templar, an order founded in 1118 for the protection of pilgrims in the Holy Land. This incorrect claim was again repeated by Nathanial Burton's History of the Hospitals of Kilmainham.
Strongbow had a castle constructed close to what was to become the site of the Royal Hospital Kilmainham for the Knights Hospitaller. In 1307 King Edward II started to suppress the order of Templers in England, and ordered his deputy in Ireland, John Wogan, to do the same without delay. The knights were imprisoned and examined at Dublin Castle, but were not burned at the stake, as many of their order were in other countries. [2] Their priory at Clontarf, lands and privileges were given to the priory of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, who remained in possession until the dissolution of the monasteries in the 16th century. [3]
Until the time of Queen Elizabeth I, when Dublin Castle became the centre of English power, the Lord Lieutenants often held court at the manor of Kilmainham. In 1559, the earl of Sussex, on being again appointed lord lieutenant, found that the building at Kilmainham had been damaged by a storm, and had to hold court at the Palace of St. Sepulchre. The following year Elizabeth ordered that Dublin Castle be upgraded to enable the lord lieutenant to reside there. [3]
The last Lord Deputy recorded as a resident of Kilmainham Castle was William Russell between 1594 and 1596.
James Ware recorded that the priory/castle was demolished in 1612 (MS. B. Rawl. 479, F115).
In 1813 the population of this manor was 2,149 males and 2,569 females. [4]
In return for the support of the Lord of the Manor, or to alleviate certain hardships suffered by Englishmen, privileges were granted to the manor at various times and by various kings of England. These allowed the manor to have its own courts of justice (Court leet, where it was allowed to try all crimes except "forestalling, rape, treasure-trove and arson"), free customs, freedom from certain taxes and services, impose its own fines, have its own coroners, rights of salvage, maintain its own fairs and markets, regulate weights and measures, etc. [1]
These rights and privileges ended in 1840.
After the Reformation, former lords (or chairmen, as they were later called) of this manor included Lord Cloncurry and Sir Edward Newenham. John "Bully" Egan, from Charleville, County Cork, was chairman from 1790 to 1800. In the final debate in the Irish Parliament on the Act of Union, Egan delivered a strong speech against the motion and exclaimed, after sitting down upon finishing his speech: "Ireland – Ireland for ever! and damn Kilmainham!" With the Act passing, his vote against the Union saw him deprived of his chairmanship. [5]
The Royal Hospital Kilmainham in Kilmainham, Dublin, is a 17th-century former hospital and retirement home which is now mainly used to house the Irish Museum of Modern Art and as a concert and events venue.
The Order of St John, short for Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem and also known as St John International, is an order of chivalry constituted in 1888 by royal charter from Queen Victoria and dedicated to St John the Baptist.
Kilmainham is a south inner suburb of Dublin, Ireland, south of the River Liffey and west of the city centre. It is in the city's Dublin 8 postal district.
Rothley Temple, or more correctly Rothley Preceptory, was a preceptory in the village of Rothley, Leicestershire, England, associated with both the Knights Templar and the Knights Hospitaller.
The Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem, commonly known as the Knights Hospitaller, is a Catholic military order. It was founded in the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem in the 12th century and had headquarters there until 1291, thereafter being based in Kolossi Castle in Cyprus (1302–1310), the island of Rhodes (1310–1522), Malta (1530–1798), and Saint Petersburg (1799–1801).
Events from the year 1177 in Ireland.
The Priory of St. Andrews of the Ards (Blackabbey) was a Benedictine Abbey in County Down, Ireland. It was founded by John de Courcy as a daughter-house of the alien Benedictine Priory at Stogursey in Somerset, England. As Stogursey Priory was itself a cell of Lonlay-l'Abbaye in Normandy, Blackabbey also became affiliated to that house. In around 1356 the Blackabbey, with all its lands, was effectively dissolved and assigned by Lonlay to Richard FitzRalph, Archbishop of Armagh and his successors, under whom it continued.
Clerkenwell Priory was a priory of the Monastic Order of the Knights Hospitallers of St John of Jerusalem, in present Clerkenwell, London. Run according to the Augustinian rule, it was the residence of the Hospitallers' Grand Prior in England, and was thus their English headquarters. Its great landholding – until Protestant monarch Edward VI of England – was in the ancient parish of Marylebone, in the now Inner London area known as St John's Wood, which it had farmed out on agricultural tenancies as a source of produce and income.
Sir William Robinson PC(I) was a British architect, military engineer and politician. He held several posts in the Dublin Castle administration, including as Surveyor General of Ireland from 1671 until 1700. He was an influential figure in the development of classical architecture in Ireland, designing many buildings in the English Baroque-style, particularly in Dublin.
John Frowyk was an English-born cleric and judge in fourteenth-century Ireland.
Thomas Le Boteller, or Thomas Butler, nicknamed Thomas Bacach i.e. Thomas the Lame, was the illegitimate son of the 3rd Earl of Ormond, and a leading political figure in early fifteenth-century Ireland. He held the offices of Lord Chancellor of Ireland, Lord Deputy of Ireland and Prior of Kilmainham. In his own lifetime, he was a highly unpopular statesman, who was accused by his numerous enemies of treason. He is now chiefly remembered as a professional soldier, who was present at the Siege of Rouen in 1418–19. He had previously fought in the sanguinary conflict known as the Battle of Bloody Bank near Dublin in 1402.
Walter de Islip, Isleep or de Istlep was an English-born cleric, statesman, and judge in fourteenth-century Ireland. He was the first Chief Baron of the Irish Exchequer; he also held the offices of Treasurer of Ireland, Chief Escheator, and Custos Rotulorum of Kilkenny. He was a noted pluralist, who held numerous benefices. His career was seriously damaged by accusations of corruption and maladministration. He played an important role in the celebrated Kilkenny Witchcraft Trials of 1324.
John Rawson, 1st and only Viscount Clontarf was an English-born statesman in sixteenth-century Ireland, and was regarded as one of the mainstays of English rule in the Kingdom of Ireland. He was the last Prior of the Kilmainham house of the Order of St John of Jerusalem. The Knights Hospitaller, as they were usually known, were a fighting order of monks, and Rawson himself was an experienced soldier who took part in the Siege of Rhodes (1522).
William Chevir, or Chevyr was an Irish politician and judge, whose career was marked by accusations of oppression and corruption.
Thomas de Burley was an English-born monk who served as a Crown official and judge in fourteenth-century Ireland. He held office twice as Lord Chancellor of Ireland. He was the Irish Prior of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem, whose Dublin house was at Kilmainham, from 1356 till his death. He had a reputation for corruption, and for vindictiveness towards his opponents, but he could also show courage and determination, especially in combat.
John de Grauntsete or Grantsete (or John of Grantchester) (c. 1270 – c. 1350) was an English judge who lived in fourteenth-century Ireland. We know more about him than we do about any other contemporary Irish judge, and from the surviving information we can form some idea of the lifestyle of an Irish judge in his time. He sat in turn in each of the Irish Courts of common law, and uniquely he is known to have appeared in Court as an advocate even after he became a judge.
Sir James Keating was an Irish cleric and statesman of the fifteenth century. He was Prior of the Irish house of the Knights Hospitallers, which was based at Kilmainham, Dublin, and a member of the Privy Council of Ireland.