Marc Postman | |
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Born | April 6, 1958 65) | (age
Nationality | American |
Citizenship | United States |
Alma mater | MIT Harvard University |
Awards | AURA Award for Outstanding Scientific Achievement (1993, 2013) |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Astronomy |
Institutions | Space Telescope Science Institute Princeton University |
Doctoral advisor | Margaret J. Geller |
Marc Postman (born April 6, 1958) is an American astronomer at the Space Telescope Science Institute [1] in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. His research interests include observational studies of the formation and evolution of galaxies and large scale structure in the universe. His work focuses on determining, observationally, the relationships between galaxy-scale phenomena and the surrounding large-scale environment and matter distribution. His recent research includes characterizing the properties of brightest cluster galaxies [2] [3] [4] [5] and placing new constraints on the cosmic optical background. [6] [7]
Postman was the lead or co-investigator on several joint science and engineering working groups exploring the feasibility and science capabilities of future large optical / near infrared telescopes on the ground and in space. He served on the science and technology definition team for the Large Ultraviolet Optical Infrared Surveyor concept (aka LUVOIR), which was proposed to the 2020 Astronomy and Astrophysics Decadal Survey. A modified version of this concept, the Habitable Worlds Observatory, is now being developed by NASA. He was a member of the Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys investigation team and project scientist for the STScI Digitized Sky Survey program. He has also served on the Council of the American Astronomical Society and on the Committee for the Status of Women in Astronomy. Postman was the Principal Investigator of the HST multi-cycle treasury program Cluster Lensing and Supernova survey with Hubble, a study of dark matter in clusters of galaxies. Postman is also a guest investigator on the New Horizons science team to study the ultraviolet and optical background radiation field as seen from the unique vantage point beyond 45 AU from the Sun.
Postman attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology as an undergraduate from 1978 to 1981, receiving a S.B. in Physics in 1981. He then went on to obtain his Ph.D. in Astronomy at Harvard University, working with Dr. Margaret Geller. After receiving his Ph.D. in 1986, he was a postdoctoral fellow working with Prof. James E. Gunn in Princeton University’s Department of Astronomy. In 1989, he joined the scientific research staff at the Space Telescope Science Institute. Postman is currently the interim Deputy Director of the Space Telescope Science Institute.
Marc Postman is the son of educator, author and cultural critic Neil Postman.
Postman received the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA)’s Outstanding Scientific Achievement Award in 1993 and again in 2013. [8] Asteroid 166746 Marcpostman discovered by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey at Apache Point Observatory in 2002, was named in his honor. [9] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 27 January 2013 ( M.P.C. 82401). [10]
He was elected a Legacy Fellow of the American Astronomical Society in 2020. [11]
3C 273 is a quasar located at the center of a giant elliptical galaxy in the constellation of Virgo. It was the first quasar ever to be identified and is the visually brightest quasar in the sky as seen from Earth, with an apparent visual magnitude of 12.9. The derived distance to this object is 749 megaparsecs. The mass of its central supermassive black hole is approximately 886 million times the mass of the Sun.
Messier 2 or M2 is a globular cluster in the constellation Aquarius, five degrees north of the star Beta Aquarii. It was discovered by Jean-Dominique Maraldi in 1746, and is one of the largest known globular clusters.
Messier 15 or M15 is a globular cluster in the constellation Pegasus. It was discovered by Jean-Dominique Maraldi in 1746 and included in Charles Messier's catalogue of comet-like objects in 1764. At an estimated 12.5±1.3 billion years old, it is one of the oldest known globular clusters.
Messier 108 is a barred spiral galaxy about 28 million light-years away from Earth in the northern constellation Ursa Major. It was discovered by Pierre Méchain in 1781 or 1782. From the Earth, this galaxy is seen almost edge-on.
The Sculptor Galaxy is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Sculptor. The Sculptor Galaxy is a starburst galaxy, which means that it is currently undergoing a period of intense star formation.
IC 1101 is a class S0 supergiant (cD) lenticular galaxy at the center of the Abell 2029 galaxy cluster. It has an isophotal diameter at about 123.65 to 169.61 kiloparsecs. It possesses a diffuse core which is the largest known core of any galaxy to date, and also hosts a supermassive black hole that is one of the largest black holes known. The galaxy is located at 354.0 megaparsecs from Earth. The galaxy was discovered on 19 June 1790, by the British astronomer William Herschel.
The Dark Energy Survey (DES) is an astronomical survey designed to constrain the properties of dark energy. It uses images taken in the near-ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared to measure the expansion of the universe using Type Ia supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillations, the number of galaxy clusters, and weak gravitational lensing. The collaboration is composed of research institutions and universities from the United States, Australia, Brazil, the United Kingdom, Germany, Spain, and Switzerland. The collaboration is divided into several scientific working groups. The director of DES is Josh Frieman.
NGC 25 is a barred lenticular galaxy situated in the Phoenix constellation. It was discovered on 28 October 1834 by John Herschel. It is the brightest cluster galaxy for Abell cluster 2731. A supernova was discovered in NGC 25 on 15 November 2020.
NGC 6086 is an elliptical galaxy in the constellation of Corona Borealis. It has an apparent magnitude of 12.7. A Type-cD galaxy, it is the brightest cluster galaxy in the cluster Abell 2162. In 2010, a supermassive black hole was discovered in NGC 6086.
The KBC Void is an immense, comparatively empty region of space, named after astronomers Ryan Keenan, Amy Barger, and Lennox Cowie, who studied it in 2013. The existence of a local underdensity has been the subject of many pieces of literature and research articles.
ESO 444-46 is a class E4 supergiant elliptical galaxy; the dominant and brightest member of the Abell 3558 galaxy cluster around 640 million light-years away in the constellation Centaurus. It lies within the core of the massive Shapley Supercluster, one of the closest neighboring superclusters. It is one of the largest galaxies in the local universe, and possibly contains one of the most massive black holes known. The black hole's mass is very uncertain, with estimates ranging from as low as 501 million M☉, to as high as 77.6 billion M☉.
NGC 708 is an elliptical galaxy located 240 million light-years away in the constellation Andromeda and was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on September 21, 1786. It is classified as a cD galaxy and is the brightest member of Abell 262. NGC 708 is a weak FR I radio galaxy and is also classified as a type 2 Seyfert galaxy.
NGC 545 is a lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Cetus. It is located at a distance of circa 250 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 545 is about 180,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on October 1, 1785. It is a member of the Abell 194 galaxy cluster and is included along with NGC 547 in the Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies.
Sangeeta Malhotra is an astrophysicist who studies galaxies, their contents, and their effects on the universe around them. The objects she studies range from our own Milky Way galaxy to some of the earliest and most distant known galaxies in the epoch of cosmic dawn.
HR 3750 is a binary star system in the equatorial constellation of Hydra at a distance of 101 light years. This object is visible to the naked eye as a dim, white star with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.4. It is receding from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of 57.9±0.2 km/s. This binary is unusual because its eruptions do not seem to conform to the Waldmeier effect—i.e. the strongest eruptions of HR 3750 are not the ones characterized by the fast eruption onset. Kinematically, the binary belongs to the thick disk of the Milky Way galaxy - a population of ancient, metal-poor stars.
SN 2020oi was a supernova event in the grand design spiral galaxy known as Messier 100, or NGC 4321. It was discovered January 7, 2020 at an apparent magnitude of 17.28 by F. Forster and associates using the Zwicky Transient Facility. The position places it ~4.67″ north of the galactic nucleus. The supernova was not detected on an observation made three days before the discovery, and thus it must have begun during that brief period. The light curve peaked around January 13–18, depending on the wavelength, then declined rapidly over a period of 25 days before flattening into a more gradual decline. Observations of the spectrum made with the SOAR telescope showed this to be a type Ic supernova, with the progenitor being a massive star that had its outer envelope stripped. The initial velocity of the expanding photosphere was ~15,000 km/s.
The Sunburst galaxy is a strongly magnified galaxy at redshift z=2.38 behind the galaxy cluster PSZ1 G311.65-18.48. The cluster acts as a power magnifier thanks to the gravitational lensing effect. The galaxy cluster distorts the space around it creating different paths for the photons coming from the Sunburst galaxy. This lensing creates four arc segment roughly following a circle around the foreground lensing cluster. Chance alignments of the Sunburst Galaxy and galaxies in the lensing cluster breaks up some of the arc segments into multiple smaller images, creating a total of 12 full or partial images of the galaxy along the arc; some of these images are magnified by very large factors. In one of these strongly magnified images of the Sunburst galaxy, astronomers have identified the most luminous star known to date, Godzilla.