Margaret Ackerman

Last updated
Margaret Ackerman
Alma mater Brandeis University
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Scientific career
Institutions Massachusetts General Hospital
Dartmouth College
College of Charleston
Thesis Targeting the tight junction : immunotherapy of colon cancer  (2010)

Margaret Ackerman is an American engineer who is a professor at Dartmouth College. Ackerman develops high throughput tools to evaluate the antibody response in disease states. She oversees biological and chemical engineering in the Thayer School of Engineering.

Contents

Early life and education

Ackerman was an undergraduate student at Brandeis University where she studied biochemistry.[ citation needed ] After earning her doctorate, she spent one year at the College of Charleston, where she taught chemistry. In 2004 she moved to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for doctoral research. Her doctorate evaluated immunotherapy in the treatment of colorectal cancer. [1] She was appointed a postdoctoral fellow at the Massachusetts General Hospital in 2010.[ citation needed ]

Research and career

In 2011, Ackerman joined Dartmouth College as an Assistant Professor. [2] She was promoted to Professor in 2019.[ citation needed ] Her research considers the development of novel vaccines. [3] Amongst these, she has worked on the development of vaccines to protect against HIV [4] [5] and Herpes simplex virus. [6] Her vaccines look to make use of the innate immune system, the early response system that protects us from pathogens until our adaptive immune system responds. [7] The ability of antibodies to recruit an innate immune response is known as the effector function. [7] Ackerman has explored ways to engineer Regulatory T cells to target the fibrils that form in the neural tissue of people suffering from Parkinson's disease. [8] She was awarded a Faculty Mentor Award in 2016. [9]

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Ackerman studied the levels of antibodies in recovering COVID-19 patients. [10] Specifically, she studied the levels of Immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies in their mucus. [11] Her research identified that people who suffered from more mild cases of COVID-19 displayed increased levels of IgA. She also showed that there was an anti-correlation between levels of IgA and IgG, i.e., people with high IgA levels had low IgG levels. [11]

In 2024, Ackerman signed a faculty letter expressing support for the actions of Dartmouth College president Sian Beilock, who ordered the arrests of 90 students and faculty members engaging in nonviolent protest against the Israel-Hamas war. [12] [13] [14]

Selected publications

Books

Related Research Articles

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Immunology is a branch of biology and medicine that covers the study of immune systems in all organisms.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Natural killer cell</span> Type of cytotoxic lymphocyte

Natural killer cells, also known as NK cells or large granular lymphocytes (LGL), are a type of cytotoxic lymphocyte critical to the innate immune system. They belong to the rapidly expanding family of known innate lymphoid cells (ILC) and represent 5–20% of all circulating lymphocytes in humans. The role of NK cells is analogous to that of cytotoxic T cells in the vertebrate adaptive immune response. NK cells provide rapid responses to virus-infected cells, stressed cells, tumor cells, and other intracellular pathogens based on signals from several activating and inhibitory receptors. Most immune cells detect the antigen presented on major histocompatibility complex I (MHC-I) on infected cell surfaces, but NK cells can recognize and kill stressed cells in the absence of antibodies and MHC, allowing for a much faster immune reaction. They were named "natural killers" because of the notion that they do not require activation to kill cells that are missing "self" markers of MHC class I. This role is especially important because harmful cells that are missing MHC I markers cannot be detected and destroyed by other immune cells, such as T lymphocyte cells.

Immunotherapy or biological therapy is the treatment of disease by activating or suppressing the immune system. Immunotherapies designed to elicit or amplify an immune response are classified as activation immunotherapies, while immunotherapies that reduce or suppress are classified as suppression immunotherapies. Immunotherapy is under preliminary research for its potential to treat various forms of cancer.

In biology, immunity is the state of being insusceptible or resistant to a noxious agent or process, especially a pathogen or infectious disease. Immunity may occur naturally or be produced by prior exposure or immunization.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Seroconversion</span> Development of specific antibodies in the blood serum as a result of infection or immunization

In immunology, seroconversion is the development of specific antibodies in the blood serum as a result of infection or immunization, including vaccination. During infection or immunization, antigens enter the blood, and the immune system begins to produce antibodies in response. Before seroconversion, the antigen itself may or may not be detectable, but the antibody is absent. During seroconversion, the antibody is present but not yet detectable. After seroconversion, the antibody is detectable by standard techniques and remains detectable unless the individual seroreverts, in a phenomenon called seroreversion, or loss of antibody detectability, which can occur due to weakening of the immune system or decreasing antibody concentrations over time. Seroconversion refers the production of specific antibodies against specific antigens, meaning that a single infection could cause multiple waves of seroconversion against different antigens. Similarly, a single antigen could cause multiple waves of seroconversion with different classes of antibodies. For example, most antigens prompt seroconversion for the IgM class of antibodies first, and subsequently the IgG class.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Classical complement pathway</span> Aspect of the immune system

The classical complement pathway is one of three pathways which activate the complement system, which is part of the immune system. The classical complement pathway is initiated by antigen-antibody complexes with the antibody isotypes IgG and IgM.

This is a list of AIDS-related topics, many of which were originally taken from the public domain U.S. Department of Health Glossary of HIV/AIDS-Related Terms, 4th Edition.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cancer immunotherapy</span> Artificial stimulation of the immune system to treat cancer

Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncotherapy) is the stimulation of the immune system to treat cancer, improving the immune system's natural ability to fight the disease. It is an application of the fundamental research of cancer immunology (immuno-oncology) and a growing subspecialty of oncology.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Adaptive immune system</span> Subsystem of the immune system

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Antibody-dependent enhancement</span> Antibodies rarely making an infection worse instead of better

Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), sometimes less precisely called immune enhancement or disease enhancement, is a phenomenon in which binding of a virus to suboptimal antibodies enhances its entry into host cells, followed by its replication. The suboptimal antibodies can result from natural infection or from vaccination. ADE may cause enhanced respiratory disease, but is not limited to respiratory disease. It has been observed in HIV, RSV virus and Dengue virus and is monitored for in vaccine development.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Agnes Binagwaho</span> Rwandan pediatrician

Agnes Binagwaho is a Rwandan Politician, pediatrician, co-founder and the former vice chancellor of the University of Global Health Equity (2017-2022). In 1996, she returned to Rwanda where she provided clinical care in the public sector as well as held many positions including the position of Permanent Secretary for the Ministry of Health of Rwanda from October 2008 until May 2011 and Minister of Health from May 2011 until July 2016. She has been a professor of global health delivery practice since 2016 and a professor of pediatrics since 2017 at the University of Global Health Equity. She has served the health sector in various high-level government positions. She resides in Kigali.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sian Beilock</span> American cognitive scientist (born 1976)

Sian Leah Beilock is an American cognitive scientist who is the president of Dartmouth College. Previous to serving at Dartmouth College, Beilock was the president of Barnard College. Beilock spent 12 years at the University of Chicago, departing Chicago as the Stella M. Rowley Professor of Psychology and Executive Vice Provost.

Almyra Oveta Fuller was an associate professor of microbiology and immunology at University of Michigan Medical School. She served as the director of the African Studies Center (ASC), faculty in the ASC STEM Initiative at the University of Michigan (U-M) and an adjunct professor at Payne Theological Seminary. Fuller was a virologist and specialized in research of Herpes simplex virus, as well as HIV/AIDS. Fuller and her research team discovered a B5 receptor, advancing the understanding of Herpes simplex virus and the cells it attacks.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Akiko Iwasaki</span> Immunobiologist

Akiko Iwasaki is a Sterling Professor of Immunobiology and Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology at Yale University. She is also a principal investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Her research interests include innate immunity, autophagy, inflammasomes, sexually transmitted infections, herpes simplex virus, human papillomavirus, respiratory virus infections, influenza infection, T cell immunity, commensal bacteria, COVID-19, and long COVID.

Liise-anne Pirofski is a Professor of Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology at Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center. She is a Member of the Association of American Physicians, and a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Academy of Microbiology, American College of Physicians and the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Drew Weissman</span> American physician and immunologist (born 1959)

Drew Weissman is an American physician and immunologist known for his contributions to RNA biology. Weissman is the inaugural Roberts Family Professor in Vaccine Research, director of the Penn Institute for RNA Innovation, and professor of medicine at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania (Penn).

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References

  1. Ackerman, Margaret E (2010). Targeting the tight junction: immunotherapy of colon cancer (Thesis). OCLC   720986513.
  2. "Professors Ackerman and Halter Receive Faculty Mentor Awards". Dartmouth Engineering. Retrieved 2021-12-11.
  3. Hamzelou, Jessica. "Vaccine research gets a shot in the arm". New Scientist. Retrieved 2021-12-11.
  4. "Neonatal Herpes Acquired From Mom Can Be Fatal". www.precisionvaccinations.com. Retrieved 2021-12-11.
  5. "Thayer prof. works on HIV vaccine". Dartmouth Engineering. Retrieved 2021-12-11.
  6. "A Mother Lode of Protection". hms.harvard.edu. 17 April 2019. Retrieved 2021-12-11.
  7. 1 2 "Ragon and Dartmouth collaborate to tailor new vaccine approach…". Dartmouth Engineering. Retrieved 2021-12-11.
  8. "SYNERGY Announces 2017 Translational Pilot Grant Awards". Dartmouth Engineering. Retrieved 2021-12-11.
  9. "Professors Ackerman and Halter Receive Faculty Mentor Awards". Dartmouth Engineering. Retrieved 2021-12-11.
  10. "Rebooting Research, Phase One". Dartmouth Engineering. Retrieved 2021-12-11.
  11. 1 2 "Milder Cases of COVID-19 Linked to IgA Antibodies". Dartmouth Engineering. Retrieved 2021-12-11.
  12. "Letter to the Editor: We Dartmouth Faculty Members Support the Recent Actions by College President Sian Leah Beilock". The Dartmouth. Retrieved 2024-06-10.
  13. Patel, Vimal (2024-05-03). "Police Treatment of a Dartmouth Professor Stirs Anger and Debate". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2024-05-05.
  14. "Adkins: Dozens of people arrested at pro-Palestine protest at Dartmouth College". WMUR 9 News. May 1, 2024. Retrieved May 2, 2024.