Dan Barouch

Last updated
Dan Hung Barouch
Born (1973-02-04) February 4, 1973 (age 52) [1]
Gottingen, Germany [1]
CitizenshipAmerican
EducationM.D. and Ph.D.
Alma materHarvard and Oxford
Known forVirology and immunology of pathogens of global importance, Vaccine development for HIV, Zika, COVID-19, influenza, tuberculosis
Spouse(s)Fina C. Barouch, M.D.
AwardsNational Academy of Medicine (2020) King Faisel Prize in Medicine (2023)
Scientific career
Fields Virology
Institutions Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard Medical School, Ragon Institute MIT and Harvard [2]

Dan Hung Barouch (born February 4, 1973) is an American physician, immunologist, and virologist. He studies the pathogenesis and immunology of viral infections and works on the development of global vaccine strategies.

Contents

Research from Barouch's lab was used in the development of the Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccine. He has also worked on vaccine candidates for HIV, Zika, influenza, tuberculosis, and monkeypox. [3] [4] [5] [6] He has authored multiple research articles and review articles on infectious diseases, viral pathogenesis, immune responses, and vaccine development. [7] [8] [9] Barouch is also the founding director of the Center for Virology and Vaccine Research at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and a founding member and steering committee member of the Ragon Institute. [10]

Since 2012, he has served as the director of the Center for Virology and Vaccine Research at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center [11] and the William Bosworth Castle Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School. [12] He is also affiliated with the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery. [13]

In 2020, he was elected to the National Academy of Medicine. [14] [15] [16] and received the King Faisal Prize in Medicine in 2023 for his work. [17]

Early life and education

Barouch was born in Göttingen, Germany to an Israeli Jewish father and a Chinese mother, and raised in Potsdam, New York. [5] He entered Harvard College at 16, earning a B.A. in biochemistry summa cum laude in 1993, and a Ph.D. in immunology from Oxford as a Marshall Scholar in 1995. [18] He received his M.D. from Harvard Medical School in 1999, also summa cum laude, followed by residency and fellowship training at Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital. [19] In 2002, he launched his research lab at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School. [20]

Research and career

In 2012, Barouch was named the founding director of the Center for Virology and Vaccine Research at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston. [21] [22] [23] He is also a founding member and a steering committee member at the Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University. [24] [25] Barouch was appointed the William Bosworth Castle Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School in 2020. [15]

HIV research

Barouch began developing vaccine candidates for HIV and other infectious diseases during graduate and medical school, focusing on adjuvanted DNA vaccines and novel adenoviral vectors, including Ad26. [26] [27]

In 2000, during medical school, he began researching HIV vaccines and demonstrated that vaccines could reduce viral loads in preclinical models, although immune escape remained a significant challenge. [28] [29] In 2002, he published that an HIV vaccine could suppress the virus for two years in animals. [30] By 2006, he developed adenoviral vectors that avoided suppression by existing immunity. [31] Barouch's lab developed adenoviral vectors and mosaic proteins (with Bette Korber) that were later incorporated intoJohnson & Johnson's HIV vaccine studies. [24] [32]

From 2015 to 2018, Barouch co-led the APPROACH study the Ad26/Env mosaic vaccine in humans and progressed to global efficacy trials in collaboration with partners such as the NIH, the Gates Foundation, and Janssen. [24] [33] [34]

He has also explored HIV cure strategies, [35] demonstrating in 2016 and 2018 that combining therapeutic vaccines or broadly neutralizing antibodies with immune activators, the "shock and kill" method, had the potential to be effective. [36] He frequently shares insights through media commentary. [37]

Zika research

In 2016, Barouch developed and tested the first Zika vaccines in preclinical studies. [38] [39] These vaccines entered first-in-human trials later that year. [40]

COVID-19 research

In January 2020, at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, Barouch began studying the immunology and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and developing a COVID-19 vaccine in collaboration with Johnson & Johnson. This vaccine underwent rapid preclinical testing. [41] and advanced into initial clinical trials by July 2020. [42] Subsequently, this vaccine was tested in the large international phase 3 efficacy trial ENSEMBLE and showed efficacy in humans. [43] The resulting vaccine, known as the Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccine, or Ad26.COV2.S, was approved by WHO, FDA, and multiple countries throughout the world, and commenced global distribution in February 2021. This vaccine was the third COVID-19 vaccine authorized for use in the United States, and the first vaccine deployed in South Africa, as reported in the SISONKE study in healthcare workers. [44] The utilization of this vaccine was lower than the mRNA vaccines in the western world, but it was deployed extensively in the developing world, given its efficacy, durability, and stability without freezing. With over 200 million doses distributed, it has been credited with saving nearly 1 million lives in 2021. [45] [46]

Barouch's research also involved studying the immunology of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the immunogenicity and durability of mRNA vaccines and boosters, and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 variants on immune escape and vaccine efficacy. He also defined immune correlates of protection for COVID-19 vaccines. In February 2021, Barouch co-authored a paper on how a certain level of COVID-19 antibodies may provide lasting protection against the virus. [47] [48] In 2021 and 2022, he also co-authored papers exploring how COVID-19 antibodies protect, based on blood samples provided by 4300 employees of SpaceX, together with CEO Elon Musk. [47]

Throughout the rollout of COVID-19 vaccines and boosters in the United States, Barouch reported the immune kinetics and durability induced by mRNA and Ad26 vaccines and the impact of viral variants in evading antibody responses while preserving T cell responses. [49] [50] [51] [52] [53] In 2022, he reported that the bivalent ancestral+BA.5 mRNA boosters were limited by immune imprinting to the ancestral strain, which contributed to the FDA decision in 2023 to remove the ancestral strain for the XBB.1.5 mRNA booster. [54] In 2023, Barouch served as part of a panel of experts advising the Biden administration on the potential risk of another Omicron-like wave of COVID-19. [55] In 2024, he demonstrated the importance of mucosal immunity for improving vaccine protection against COVID-19. [56] [57]

Societies and awards

1993:

1999:

2009:

2012:

2016:

2021:

2023:

2025:

Personal life

Barouch is married to Fina C. Barouch, M.D., an ophthalmologist and vitreoretinal surgeon. [64] They have two daughters and reside in Newton, Massachusetts.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Professor Dan Hung Barouch – King Faisal Prize" . Retrieved 2024-11-14.
  2. ↑ "Dan H. Barouch, M.D., Ph.D." 2019-11-04. Retrieved 2024-10-28.
  3. ↑ "Barouch Laboratory – Center for Virology and Vaccine Research (CVVR)". 4 November 2019.
  4. 1 2 Parsons, Lian (2021-08-06). "Dan Barouch receives Ledlie Prize for vaccine work". Harvard Gazette. Retrieved 2024-10-28.
  5. 1 2 "414 days at work, zero days off: Dan Barouch and the race to develop the Johnson & Johnson vaccine - the Boston Globe". The Boston Globe .
  6. ↑ "Zika Vaccine Development Reveals Differences in Efficacy One Year on | Harvard Magazine". 13 December 2017.
  7. ↑ "(((Barouch, Dan[Author]) OR (Barouch, Dan H[Author])) OR (Barouch DH[Author])) OR (Barouch, Dh[Author]) - Search Results - PubMed". PubMed. Retrieved 2025-07-17.
  8. ↑ "Dan Barouch | Harvard Catalyst Profiles | Harvard Catalyst".
  9. ↑ "ORCID".
  10. ↑ "Home". Ragon Institute. Retrieved 2025-07-17.
  11. ↑ "BIDMC's Dan Barouch, MD, PHD, Director of Vaccine and Virology Research, elected to the National Academy of Medicine".
  12. ↑ "Dan H. Barouch, M.D., Ph.D." 4 November 2019.
  13. ↑ "Dan Barouch, MD, PhD | UCSF-Bay Area Center for AIDS Research (CFAR)".
  14. ↑ "National Academy of Medicine Elects New Members | Harvard Magazine". 22 October 2020.
  15. 1 2 "Dan Hung Barouch | Harvard Program in Virology".
  16. ↑ Lewis, Talia (19 October 2020). "National Academy of Medicine Elects 100 New Members - National Academy of Medicine". National Academy of Medicine.
  17. 1 2 "Professor Dan Hung Barouch – King Faisal Foundation".
  18. ↑ "Dan Barouch".
  19. ↑ "biography". Center for Virology and Vaccine Research. Archived from the original on 2019-10-03. Retrieved 2019-10-03.
  20. ↑ "Barouch Laboratory".
  21. ↑ Browning, Bil (July 12, 2019). "A new vaccine for HIV that would work worldwide is expanding human testing to America". www.lgbtqnation.com.
  22. ↑ "Dr. Dan Barouch to lead Beth Israel Deaconess center for vaccine research - The Boston Globe". BostonGlobe.com.
  23. ↑ "Novel HIV vaccine candidate is safe and induces immune response in healthy adults and monkeys". ScienceDaily.
  24. 1 2 3 "HIV Vaccine Takes Big Step | Harvard Medical School". hms.harvard.edu. December 2017.
  25. ↑ "Monoclonal antibodies show promise as effective HIV therapy". medicalxpress.com.
  26. ↑ Quick, Jonathan D.; Fryer, Bronwyn (30 January 2018). The End of Epidemics: The Looming Threat to Humanity and How to Stop It. St. Martin's Publishing. ISBN   978-1-250-11778-6.
  27. ↑ Abbink, P.; Lemckert, A. A.; Ewald, B. A.; Lynch, D. M.; Denholtz, M.; Smits, S.; Holterman, L.; Damen, I.; Vogels, R.; Thorner, A. R.; O'Brien, K. L.; Carville, A.; Mansfield, K. G.; Goudsmit, J.; Havenga, M. J.; Barouch, D. H. (2007). "Comparative seroprevalence and immunogenicity of six rare serotype recombinant adenovirus vaccine vectors from subgroups B and D". Journal of Virology. 81 (9): 4654–4663. doi:10.1128/JVI.02696-06. PMC   1900173 . PMID   17329340.
  28. ↑ Singhal, Arvind; Rogers, Everett M.; Rogers, Dr Everett M. (October 3, 2003). Combating AIDS: Communication Strategies in Action. SAGE. ISBN   9780761997283 – via Google Books.
  29. ↑ Barouch, D. H.; Kunstman, J.; Kuroda, M. J.; Schmitz, J. E.; Santra, S.; Peyerl, F. W.; Krivulka, G. R.; Beaudry, K.; Lifton, M. A.; Gorgone, D. A.; Montefiori, D. C.; Lewis, M. G.; Wolinsky, S. M.; Letvin, N. L. (2002). "Eventual AIDS vaccine failure in a rhesus monkey by viral escape from cytotoxic T lymphocytes". Nature. 415 (6869): 335–339. doi:10.1038/415335a. PMID   11797012.
  30. ↑ "HIV Plus". Plus. Here Publishing: 11. ISSN   1522-3086 . Retrieved 2019-10-03.
  31. ↑ "The Finding". The Scientist. 2008. p. 63.
  32. ↑ Assunção, Muri (13 July 2019). "Johnson & Johnson to start testing on new type of HIV vaccine in U.S. and Europe". nydailynews.com.
  33. ↑ Karim, Quarraisha Abdool; Karim, Salim S. Abdool; Baxter, Cheryl (January 20, 2017). The CAPRISA Clinical Trials: HIV Treatment and Prevention. Springer. ISBN   9783319475189 – via Google Books.
  34. ↑ Mega, Emiliano Rodríguez (July 31, 2019). "'Mosaic' HIV vaccine to be tested in thousands of people across the world". Nature. 572 (7768): 165–166. Bibcode:2019Natur.572..165M. doi: 10.1038/d41586-019-02319-8 . PMID   31388154.
  35. ↑ "World's second man cleared of AIDS virus invigorates quest for cure". Reuters. March 6, 2019 – via www.reuters.com.
  36. ↑ "Monkeys reveal new clues toward elusive HIV vaccine and cure". Science | AAAS. March 9, 2018.
  37. ↑ "Promising HIV vaccine to be tested with gay men and trans people". aidsmap. 22 July 2019. Retrieved 2019-10-03.
  38. 1 2 "Dan Barouch and Jim Collins: The researchers racing to stop Zika - The Boston Globe". BostonGlobe.com.
  39. ↑ Mukherjee, Siddhartha (August 15, 2016). "The Race for a Zika Vaccine". The New Yorker– via www.newyorker.com.
  40. ↑ Knapton, Sarah (August 4, 2016). "Zika vaccine gives complete protection and is ready for human trials, say scientists". The Telegraph– via www.telegraph.co.uk.
  41. ↑ Mercado, Noe B.; Zahn, Roland; Wegmann, Frank; Loos, Carolin; Chandrashekar, Abishek; Yu, Jingyou; Liu, Jinyan; Peter, Lauren; McMahan, Katherine; Tostanoski, Lisa H.; He, Xuan; Martinez, David R.; Rutten, Lucy; Bos, Rinke; van Manen, Danielle (October 2020). "Single-shot Ad26 vaccine protects against SARS-CoV-2 in rhesus macaques". Nature. 586 (7830): 583–588. Bibcode:2020Natur.586..583M. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2607-z. hdl: 1721.1/129676 . ISSN   1476-4687. PMC   7581548 . PMID   32731257.
  42. ↑ Stephenson, Kathryn E.; Le Gars, Mathieu; Sadoff, Jerald; de Groot, Anne Marit; Heerwegh, Dirk; Truyers, Carla; Atyeo, Caroline; Loos, Carolin; Chandrashekar, Abishek; McMahan, Katherine; Tostanoski, Lisa H.; Yu, Jingyou; Gebre, Makda S.; Jacob-Dolan, Catherine; Li, Zhenfeng (2021-04-20). "Immunogenicity of the Ad26.COV2.S Vaccine for COVID-19". JAMA. 325 (15): 1535–1544. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.3645. ISSN   0098-7484. PMC   7953339 . PMID   33704352.
  43. ↑ Sadoff, Jerald; Gray, Glenda; Vandebosch, An; Cárdenas, Vicky; Shukarev, Georgi; Grinsztejn, Beatriz; Goepfert, Paul A.; Truyers, Carla; Fennema, Hein; Spiessens, Bart; Offergeld, Kim; Scheper, Gert; Taylor, Kimberly L.; Robb, Merlin L.; Treanor, John (2021-06-09). "Safety and Efficacy of Single-Dose Ad26.COV2.S Vaccine against Covid-19". New England Journal of Medicine. 384 (23): 2187–2201. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2101544. ISSN   0028-4793. PMC   8220996 . PMID   33882225.
  44. ↑ Bekker, Linda-Gail; Garrett, Nigel; Goga, Ameena; Fairall, Lara; Reddy, Tarylee; Yende-Zuma, Nonhlanhla; Kassanjee, Reshma; Collie, Shirley; Sanne, Ian; Boulle, Andrew; Seocharan, Ishen; Engelbrecht, Imke; Davies, Mary-Ann; Champion, Jared; Chen, Tommy (March 2022). "Effectiveness of the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine in health-care workers in South Africa (the Sisonke study): results from a single-arm, open-label, phase 3B, implementation study". The Lancet. 399 (10330): 1141–1153. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00007-1. hdl: 2263/93170 . ISSN   0140-6736. PMC   8930006 . PMID   35305740.
  45. ↑ Watson, Oliver J.; Barnsley, Gregory; Toor, Jaspreet; Hogan, Alexandra B.; Winskill, Peter; Ghani, Azra C. (September 2022). "Global impact of the first year of COVID-19 vaccination: a mathematical modelling study". The Lancet. Infectious Diseases. 22 (9): 1293–1302. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00320-6. ISSN   1474-4457. PMC   9225255 . PMID   35753318.
  46. ↑ "Which covid-19 vaccine saved the most lives in 2021?". The Economist. ISSN   0013-0613 . Retrieved 2025-01-16.
  47. 1 2 Krouse, Sarah (2021-02-21). "Elon Musk got 4,000 SpaceX workers to join a COVID-19 study. Here's what he learned". Wall Street Journal . Retrieved 2021-02-21– via foxbusiness.com.
  48. ↑ Bartsch, Yannic C.; Fischinger, Stephanie; Siddiqui, Sameed M.; Chen, Zhilin; Yu, Jingyou; Gebre, Makda; Atyeo, Caroline; Gorman, Matthew J.; Zhu, Alex Lee; Kang, Jaewon; Burke, John S.; Slein, Matthew; Gluck, Matthew J.; Beger, Samuel; Hu, Yiyuan; Rhee, Justin; Petersen, Eric; Mormann, Benjamin; de St Aubin, Michael; Hasdianda, Mohammad A.; Jambaulikar, Guruprasad; Boyer, Edward W.; Sabeti, Pardis C.; Barouch, Dan H.; Julg, Boris D.; Musk, Elon R.; Menon, Anil S.; Lauffenburger, Douglas A.; Nilles, Eric J.; Alter, Galit (2021-02-15). "Discrete SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers track with functional humoral stability". Nature Communications . 12 (1): 1018. Bibcode:2021NatCo..12.1018B. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-21336-8 . PMC   7884400 . PMID   33589636.
  49. ↑ Collier, Ai-ris Y.; Yu, Jingyou; McMahan, Katherine; Liu, Jinyan; Chandrashekar, Abishek; Maron, Jenny S.; Atyeo, Caroline; Martinez, David R.; Ansel, Jessica L.; Aguayo, Ricardo; Rowe, Marjorie; Jacob-Dolan, Catherine; Sellers, Daniel; Barrett, Julia; Ahmad, Kunza (2021-11-17). "Differential Kinetics of Immune Responses Elicited by Covid-19 Vaccines". New England Journal of Medicine. 385 (21): 2010–2012. doi:10.1056/NEJMc2115596. ISSN   0028-4793. PMC   8531985 . PMID   34648703.
  50. ↑ Yu, Jingyou; Collier, Ai-ris Y.; Rowe, Marjorie; Mardas, Fatima; Ventura, John D.; Wan, Huahua; Miller, Jessica; Powers, Olivia; Chung, Benjamin; Siamatu, Mazuba; Hachmann, Nicole P.; Surve, Nehalee; Nampanya, Felix; Chandrashekar, Abishek; Barouch, Dan H. (2022-04-20). "Neutralization of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 Variants". New England Journal of Medicine. 386 (16): 1579–1580. doi:10.1056/NEJMc2201849. ISSN   0028-4793. PMC   9006770 . PMID   35294809.
  51. ↑ Liu, Jinyan; Chandrashekar, Abishek; Sellers, Daniel; Barrett, Julia; Jacob-Dolan, Catherine; Lifton, Michelle; McMahan, Katherine; Sciacca, Michaela; VanWyk, Haley; Wu, Cindy; Yu, Jingyou; Collier, Ai-ris Y.; Barouch, Dan H. (March 2022). "Vaccines elicit highly conserved cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron". Nature. 603 (7901): 493–496. Bibcode:2022Natur.603..493L. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04465-y. ISSN   1476-4687. PMC   8930761 . PMID   35102312.
  52. ↑ Hachmann, Nicole P.; Miller, Jessica; Collier, Ai-ris Y.; Ventura, John D.; Yu, Jingyou; Rowe, Marjorie; Bondzie, Esther A.; Powers, Olivia; Surve, Nehalee; Hall, Kevin; Barouch, Dan H. (2022-07-06). "Neutralization Escape by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants BA.2.12.1, BA.4, and BA.5". New England Journal of Medicine. 387 (1): 86–88. doi:10.1056/NEJMc2206576. ISSN   0028-4793. PMC   9258748 . PMID   35731894.
  53. ↑ Miller, Jessica; Hachmann, Nicole P.; Collier, Ai-Ris Y.; Lasrado, Ninaad; Mazurek, Camille R.; Patio, Robert C.; Powers, Olivia; Surve, Nehalee; Theiler, James; Korber, Bette; Barouch, Dan H. (2023-02-16). "Substantial Neutralization Escape by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variants BQ.1.1 and XBB.1". The New England Journal of Medicine. 388 (7): 662–664. doi:10.1056/NEJMc2214314. ISSN   1533-4406. PMC   9878581 . PMID   36652339.
  54. ↑ Collier, Ai-ris Y.; Miller, Jessica; Hachmann, Nicole P.; McMahan, Katherine; Liu, Jinyan; Bondzie, Esther A.; Gallup, Lydia; Rowe, Marjorie; Schonberg, Eleanor; Thai, Siline; Barrett, Julia; Borducchi, Erica N.; Bouffard, Emily; Jacob-Dolan, Catherine; Mazurek, Camille R. (2023-02-08). "Immunogenicity of BA.5 Bivalent mRNA Vaccine Boosters". New England Journal of Medicine. 388 (6): 565–567. doi:10.1056/NEJMc2213948. ISSN   0028-4793. PMC   9847505 . PMID   36630611.
  55. ↑ Klein, Brenda Goodman,Betsy (2023-05-06). "Covid-19 experts say they warned White House about chance of an Omicron-level event within the next two years". CNN. Retrieved 2025-01-16.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  56. ↑ McMahan, Katherine; Wegmann, Frank; Aid, Malika; Sciacca, Michaela; Liu, Jinyan; Hachmann, Nicole P.; Miller, Jessica; Jacob-Dolan, Catherine; Powers, Olivia; Hope, David; Wu, Cindy; Pereira, Juliana; Murdza, Tetyana; Mazurek, Camille R.; Hoyt, Amelia (February 2024). "Mucosal boosting enhances vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 in macaques". Nature. 626 (7998): 385–391. Bibcode:2024Natur.626..385M. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06951-3. ISSN   1476-4687. PMC   10849944 . PMID   38096903.
  57. ↑ Lasrado, Ninaad; Rowe, Marjorie; McMahan, Katherine; Hachmann, Nicole P.; Miller, Jessica; Jacob-Dolan, Catherine; Liu, Jinyan; Verrette, Brookelynne; Gotthardt, Kristin A.; Ty, Darren M.; Pereira, Juliana; Mazurek, Camille R.; Hoyt, Amelia; Collier, Ai-ris Y.; Barouch, Dan H. (2024-10-23). "SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5 mRNA booster vaccination elicits limited mucosal immunity". Science Translational Medicine. 16 (770): eadp8920. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.adp8920. PMC   11542980 . PMID   39441905.
  58. ↑ "Henderson Prize | Undergraduate Science Education at Harvard". lifesciences.fas.harvard.edu. Retrieved 2025-04-18.
  59. 1 2 "Leadership". HVTN. Retrieved 2025-05-12.
  60. 1 2 "The American Society for Clinical Investigation".
  61. ↑ "Barouch, Dan H. | CHUM". www.chumontreal.qc.ca.
  62. ↑ "2021 Bostonians of the Year". 2021-12-16. Retrieved 2024-10-28.
  63. ↑ "Dan Barouch Awarded King Faisal Prize". Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT, and Harvard. 6 January 2023. Retrieved 2024-11-14.
  64. ↑ "Fina Barouch, MD - Lahey Health".
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