Maria Vanessa Bird-Browne | |
---|---|
Member of the Antigua and Barbuda Parliament for St. John's Rural East | |
Assumed office March 2018 | |
Monarchs | Elizabeth II Charles III |
Governor General | Rodney Williams |
Preceded by | Lester Bird |
Personal details | |
Born | 1991 (age 33–34) |
Political party | Labour Party |
Spouse | |
Relations | Vere Bird (grandfather) Lester Bird (uncle) |
Alma mater | |
Maria Vanessa Bird-Browne (born 1991) is a politician in Antigua and Barbuda. She was elected as a member of the House of Representatives for St. John's Rural East in the Parliament of Antigua and Barbuda in 2018, becoming the youngest lawmaker in the country. She is the country's minister for housing, lands, and urban renewal.
Bird-Browne's grandfather and uncle were the first and second prime ministers of Antigua and Barbuda, respectively. She is married to Gaston Browne, the current prime minister who assumed office in 2014.
Maria Bird was born in 1991. [1] Her paternal grandfather, Vere Bird, was Antigua and Barbuda's first prime minister from 1981 to 1994 and is considered the father of the nation. [2] Her parents are Purcell and Xandra Bird, and her uncle is Lester Bird, who served as prime minister of Antigua and Barbuda from 1994 to 2004. [3] [4] Her father Purcell Bird is founder of Murbee Resorts Inc, a company involved in luxury real estate development on the island of Barbuda. [5]
Bird-Browne graduated with a bachelor's degree in psychology from the University of Phoenix. [2] She later received a bachelor of laws in 2019 from Arden University. [6]
In the 2018 Antiguan general election, Bird-Browne ran as a candidate for the Antigua and Barbuda Labour Party for the St. John’s Rural East seat, which was previously held by her uncle Lester Bird. [2] The former prime minister endorsed her as his successor. [7] She won, becoming the youngest member of the Parliament of Antigua and Barbuda at age 26. [1] She was also the youngest female lawmaker in the Commonwealth at that time. [8]
After taking office in March 2018, Bird-Browne was appointed as minister for housing, lands, and urban renewal, as well as junior minister in the Ministry of Legal Affairs, Public Safety, and Labor. [9] She has focused on housing and infrastructure on the islands during her term. [10] [11]
In the 2023 Antiguan general election, Bird-Browne was re-elected to the St. John’s Rural East seat, collecting 1,770 votes (UPP candidate Sean Bird, Bird-Browne's cousin, collected 1,460 votes; DNA candidate Trevor Young won 48). [12] [13] Bird-Browne was also confirmed as minister for housing, works, lands, and urban renewal. [14]
She is married to the current prime minister of Antigua and Barbuda, Gaston Browne. [2] [15] The couple wed in 2013, the year after Browne had defeated her uncle to take control of the Antigua and Barbuda Labour Party. [4] When Bird-Browne took office in 2018, it marked the first time a husband-and-wife pair served together in Parliament. [16]
Bird-Browne previously operated a charity, Share Inc., which was shut down in 2017 amid criticism of the government's dealings with the organization during her husband's first term as prime minister. He had announced that Share Inc. would partner with the government to finance a government-run venture capital fund at the Antigua and Barbuda Development Bank. [17] [18]
When her candidacy for the 2018 election was announced in late 2017, critics charged that she was primarily chosen for the race because of her position both in the Bird dynasty and as the prime minister's wife. [19] There was speculation that other candidates vying for the nomination were pressured to step back after Bird-Browne expressed interest in the seat. [20] The Labour Party, however, denied that the prime minister was involved in selecting the candidate for her constituency and said that she was selected based on a poll that the party had commissioned. [21] [22]
Maria Bird-Browne and her husband, Prime Minister Gaston Browne, have two children: a son, Prince Gaston Browne, and a daughter, Peace-Marie Xandra Browne. [15] [23] Gaston Browne has three other children from before the couple were married. [24]
Antigua and Barbuda is a sovereign archipelagic country composed of Antigua, Barbuda, and numerous other small islands. Antigua and Barbuda has a total area of 440 km2, making it one of the smallest countries in the Caribbean. The country is mostly flat, with the highest points on Antigua being in the Shekerley Mountains and on Barbuda the Highlands. The country has a tropical savanna climate, with pockets of tropical monsoon in Antigua's southwest. Its largest city is St. John's.
The politics of Antigua and Barbuda takes place in a framework of a unitary parliamentary representative democratic monarchy, wherein the sovereign of Antigua and Barbuda is the head of state, appointing a governor-general to act as vice-regal representative in the nation. A prime minister is appointed by the governor-general as the head of government, and of a multi-party system; the prime minister advises the governor-general on the appointment of a Council of Ministers. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of the Parliament. The bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives.
The history of Antigua and Barbuda covers the period from the arrival of the Archaic peoples thousands of years ago to the present day. Prior to European colonization, the lands encompassing present-day Antigua and Barbuda were inhabited by three successive Amerindian societies. The island was claimed by England, who settled the islands in 1632. Under English/British control, the islands witnessed an influx of both Britons and African slaves migrate to the island. In 1981, the islands were granted independence as the modern state of Antigua and Barbuda.
Sir Lester Bryant Bird was an Antiguan politician and athlete who served as the second prime minister of Antigua and Barbuda from 1994 to 2004. He was chairman of the Antigua Labour Party (ALP) from 1971 to 1983, then became prime minister when his father, Sir Vere Bird, the previous prime minister, resigned.
The Antigua and Barbuda Labour Party (ABLP) is a political party in Antigua and Barbuda. The current leader of the party is Gaston Browne, who serves as the Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda. The party had previously been led by Lester Bird, who was chairman of the party since 1971, and was Prime Minister and political leader in 1994.
The governor-general of Antigua and Barbuda is the representative of the monarch of Antigua and Barbuda, currently Charles III. The governor-general is nominated by the prime minister, and appointed by the monarch. The governor-general exercises the powers of the monarch, and thus appoints ministers, senators, judges, and ambassadors; gives royal assent to legislation; and issues writs for election. The governor-general also exercises the powers of the commander-in-chief of the Antigua and Barbuda Defence Force. The governor-general serves at His Majesty's pleasure, although in practice is usually removed following the election of a new party into power.
Winston Baldwin Spencer is an Antiguan politician who was the third prime minister of Antigua and Barbuda from 2004 to 2014.
The monarchy of Antigua and Barbuda is a system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign and head of state of Antigua and Barbuda. The current Antiguan and Barbudan monarch and head of state, since 8 September 2022, is King Charles III. As sovereign, he is the personal embodiment of the Crown of Antigua and Barbuda. Although the person of the sovereign is equally shared with 14 other independent countries within the Commonwealth of Nations, each country's monarchy is separate and legally distinct. As a result, the current monarch is officially titled King of Antigua and Barbuda and, in this capacity, he and other members of the Royal Family undertake public and private functions domestically and abroad as representatives of Antigua and Barbuda. However, the King is the only member of the Royal Family with any constitutional role.
Vere Bird Jr. was an Antiguan lawyer and politician who served as chairman of the Antigua Labour Party (ALP) and a government minister. He was the son of Vere Bird, the former Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda, and brother of Lester Bird, who later held the same position.
Asot Anthony Emmanuel Michael was an Antiguan politician who was a member of the Parliament of Antigua and Barbuda, elected from Saint Peter Constituency. He was also the Minister of Tourism, Economic Development, Investment and Energy under Prime Minister Gaston Browne. He had previously been a member of the Antigua and Barbuda Labour Party.
Sir Molwyn Joseph, KGCN, is an Antiguan politician and Chairman of the Antigua Labour Party (ALP). First entering politics in 1984 when he was made a Minister without Portfolio in the government of Vere Bird, Joseph became Minister of Finance seven years later, renegotiating the Antiguan national debt and introducing fiscal reforms. After a 1996 scandal in which it was discovered he had used his position to import a 1930s Rolls-Royce for a friend, bypassing normal import duties and taxes, he was dismissed from the Bird administration, returning 14 months later to serve as Minister for Planning, Implementation and the Environment. Following the 1999 general election, he became Minister of Heath and Social Improvement before being made Minister of Tourism and the Environment a few months later. As Minister, Joseph attempted to improve the perception of Antigua as a tourist destination and invest in the industry, spending 2 million US dollars increasing the number of hotel rooms on the island and providing money for both Air Jamaica and Air Luxor to provide flights to the island.
Sir Steadroy "Cutie" Olivero Benjamin, KGCN, is an Antiguan lawyer and politician, who is the current minister of Justice and Attorney General of Antigua and Barbuda. He previously served as Leader of the Opposition in the Parliament of Antigua and Barbuda.
Gaston Alphonso Browne is an Antiguan politician serving as the prime minister of Antigua and Barbuda and leader of the Labour Party since 2014. Before entering politics, he was a banker and businessman.
Samantha Nicole Marshall is an Antiguan MP and Cabinet Minister. Marshall had once represented St. Mary's South in the House of Representatives. She is a member of the Antigua and Barbuda Labour Party.
General elections were held in Antigua and Barbuda on 18 January 2023 to elect members of the House of Representatives. The Labour Party (ABLP) has held an absolute majority of 15 seats in the House of Representatives after the 2018 general election, with Gaston Browne remaining as prime minister. Browne initiated a constitutional referendum after the 2018 election, which was rejected by voters, and following the death of Elizabeth II in 2022, he announced his intention to organise a referendum for the transition of Antigua and Barbuda to a republican system. Besides ABLP, the United Progressive Party (UPP), Democratic National Alliance, Barbuda People's Movement (BPM), and three independent politicians filed candidacies for the 2023 general election.
Osbert Richard Frederick is an Antiguan and Barbudan politician. He was appointed senator by Prime Minister Gaston Browne. After his appointment, he was elected the Deputy senate president in the Upper House of Parliament in Antigua and Barbuda.
Gail Christian is an Antiguan and Barbudan politician and senator. She is a senator of the Upper House of Parliament in Antigua and Barbuda. She was appointed senator by Prime Minister Gaston Browne.
Royal tours of Antigua and Barbuda by its royal family have been taking place since the 20th century. Elizabeth II, Queen of Antigua and Barbuda, visited the country thrice: in 1966, 1977, and 1985.
Republicanism in Antigua and Barbuda is a movement for the replacement of the constitutional monarchy of Antigua and Barbuda with a republican form of government.
The history of Antigua and Barbuda since 2014 began with the election of Gaston Browne as prime minister. Since then, the Barbudan independence movement has resurged and the Antigua and Barbuda Labour Party has cemented control over the country. Relations between the two islands have largely deteriorated.