Carl Chun or Karl Friedrich Gustav Chun was a German marine biologist who worked as a professor at the University of Königsberg (1883), Breslau (1891) and at Leipzig (1898). He was a pioneer of German oceanographic research, organizing the first deep-sea expedition aboard the SS Valdivia in 1898-99. He spent much of his life studying the collections made during the expedition, and was responsible for discovering many marine organisms, including the vampire squid.
Carl Wilhelm Hahn was a German zoologist and author of the first German monograph on spiders. C. W. Hahn was an all-round natural scientist – not at all unusual for his time. Surprisingly, he seems to have been almost forgotten. Even the few biographical dates that have been published in secondary literature are not always correct as clarified by P. Sacher in his "attempt at a Biography".
Christian Andreas Victor Hensen was a German zoologist and marine biologist (planktology). He coined the term plankton and laid the foundation for biological oceanography and quantitative studies.
The nursery web spider Pisaura mirabilis is a spider species of the family Pisauridae.
Didinium is a genus of unicellular ciliates with at least ten accepted species. All are free-living carnivores. Most are found in fresh and brackish water, but three marine species are known. Their diet consists largely of Paramecium, although they will also attack and consume other ciliates. Some species, such as D. gargantua, also feeds on non-ciliate protists, including dinoflagellates, cryptomonads, and green algae.
Microlinyphia is a genus of dwarf spiders that was first described by U. Gerhardt in 1928.
Climacostomum virens is a species of unicellular ciliate protists. It is one of just two formally described species in the genus Climacostomum.
Alfred Detlef Fritz Kahl was a German schoolteacher who took up microscopy in mid-life and became a leading authority on ciliated protozoa. In a burst of scientific productivity that lasted just nine years, he published 1800 pages of scholarly work, in which he described 17 new ciliate families, 57 genera, and about 700 previously unknown species. During his brief career as a protozoologist, he redescribed and illustrated nearly all the species of ciliates known in his time, and fit them into a taxonomic scheme that remains influential today.
Hermann Wiehle, full name Friedrich Martin Hermann Wiehle was a German teacher and arachnologist.
Henriette Goldschmidt (1825–1920) was a German Jewish feminist, pedagogist and social worker. She was one of the founders of the German Women's Association and worked to improve women's rights to access education and employment. As part of that effort, she founded the Society for Family Education and for People's Welfare and the first school offering higher education to women in Germany.
Maro is a genus of dwarf spiders that was first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1907.
Hygrolycosa is a genus of wolf spiders first described by Friedrich Dahl in 1908.
Kaestneria is a genus of dwarf spiders that was first described by H. Wiehle in 1956.
Pelecopsis is a genus of dwarf spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1864.
Christa Laetitia Deeleman-Reinhold is a Dutch arachnologist. She specializes in spiders from Southeast Asia and Southern Europe, particularly cave-dwelling and tropical spiders. She donated a collection of about 25,000 Southeast Asian spiders, the largest collection of Southeast Asian spiders in existence, to the Naturalis Biodiversity Center in Leiden. In addition to numerous articles, she has written the book Forest Spiders of South East Asia (2001).
Xylophagus is a genus of flies in the family Xylophagidae.
Gasteracantha westringi is a species of spiny orb-weaver spider in the genus Gasteracantha. It is found in Australasia, including New Caledonia and Norfolk Island, and it has a wing-shaped abdomen armed with red and black spines.
Leila Gardner von Meister was an Anglo-American author.
Gea eff is a species of orb-weaver spider. It is found in Papua New Guinea. The arachnologist Herbert Walter Levi formally described the species in 1983. While it was still undescribed, Michael H. Robinson and colleagues reported on its courtship and mating behaviors. Gea eff has the shortest scientific name of any spider species.
Launched in 1889, the Plankton Expedition was the first scientific effort to systematically study marine plankton—small, drifting aquatic organisms. Just as the earlier Challenger Expedition is considered to be the founding expedition of oceanography, the Plankton Expedition played a seminal role in establishing the quantitative and systematic study of plankton in the ocean.
