Maria Floriani Squarciapino | |
---|---|
Born | |
Died | 29 September 2003 86) Rome, Italy | (aged
Occupation | Archaeologist |
Academic work | |
Discipline | Roman archaeology |
Institutions | La Sapienza University; Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities (Italy) |
Maria Floriani Squarciapino (1917-2003) was an Italian classical archaeologist and professor at La Sapienza University in Rome, known for her work on the Roman port city of Ostia.
Squarciapino studied at La Sapienza University in Rome and was a student of Pietro Romanelli, [1] graduating in 1939 with a thesis on the topic of the school of Aphrodisias. [2] [3] [4] She developed an interest in the archaeology of North Africa in the Roman period, [3] and underwent training at the Scuola nazionale di Archeologi. [1]
Squarciapino became an inspector at the Soprintendenza for Ostia in 1946, where she worked closely with Italo Gismondi, Giovanni Becatti, Herbert Bloch and others. [3] After the publication of the excavations of the Ostian necropolis in 1959, she turned her attention to the Ostia Synagogue, where she directed excavations in 1961–62. [5] [6] In 1966, she became the superintendent of the Soprintendenza Archeologica di Ostia and held this position until 1974. [1] During the 1960s and 1970s, she taught at La Sapienza, and in 1974 left the Soprintendenza Archeologica di Ostia to take up a position as Professor of the Archaeology and History of the Roman provinces (Archeologia e Storia delle provincie romane) at La Sapienza, which she held until her retirement in 1987. [2]
As well as her work at Ostia, Squarciapino also participated in excavations elsewhere, including the Roman Forum (1955–57), Leptis Magna, Tell Mardikh (1964–66) and in Albania. [4] [2] A collection of her notes from excavations at Leptis Magna was published by Paola Finocchi in 2012. [7] [8] Squarciapino contributed to the Enciclopedia dell'Arte Antica, Classica e Orientale and led the editorial team at Fasti Archeologici from 1982 to 1997. She was president of the Associazione Internazionale di Archeologia Classica, a member of the Pontificia Accademia Romana di Archeologia, the Istituto Nazionale di Studi Romani and the German Archaeological Institute. [3] In 1997, a special volume of the journal Archaeologica Classica was published in her honour. [9]
In 1975, Maria Floriani Squarciapino was awarded the Antonio-Feltrinelli Prize , one of the most prestigious scientific awards within Italy. [10]
Squarciapino published extensively on Ostia and Roman Archaeology in North Africa, including: [11]
Carlo Fea was an Italian archaeologist.
The Forma Urbis Romae or Severan Marble Plan is a massive marble map of ancient Rome, created under the emperor Septimius Severus between 203 and 211 CE. Matteo Cadario gives specific years of 205–208, noting that the map was based on property records.
Andrea Carandini is an Italian professor of archaeology specialising in ancient Rome. Among his many excavations is the villa of Settefinestre.
Ranuccio Bianchi Bandinelli was an Italian archaeologist and art historian.
Giovanni Becatti was an Italian Classical art historian and archaeologist.
Mario Torelli was an Italian scholar of Italic archaeology and the culture of the Etruscans. He taught at the University of Perugia.
Giuseppe Lugli was Professor of ancient Roman topography at the University of Rome from 1933 to 1961.
Italo Gismondi was an Italian archaeologist. He is most famed for Il Plastico, a massive scale model of imperial Rome under Constantine the Great.
Lucos Cozza was an Italian Roman archaeologist.
Pietro Romanèlli was an Italian archaeologist.
Synaulia is a team of musicians, archeologists, palaentologists and choreographers dedicated to the application of their historical research to ancient music and dance, in particular to the ancient Etruscan and Roman periods.
Clelia Giacobini was an Italian microbiologist, and also a pioneer of microbiology applied to conservation-restoration.
The preservation and extensive excavations at Ostia Antica have brought to light 26 different bath complexes in the town. These range from large public baths, such as the Forum Baths, to smaller most likely private ones such as the small baths. It is unclear from the evidence if there was a fee charged or if they were free. Baths in Ostia would have served both a hygienic and a social function like in many other parts of the Roman world. Bath construction increased after an aqueduct was built for Ostia in the early Julio-Claudian Period. Many of the baths follow simple row arrangements, with one room following the next, due to the density of buildings in Ostia. Only a few, like the Forum Baths or the Baths of the Swimmers, had the space to include palestra. Archaeologist name the bathhouses from features preserved for example the inscription of Buticoso in building I, XIV, 8 lead to the name Bath of Buticosus or the mosaic of Neptune in building II, IV, 2 lead to the Baths of Neptune. The baths in Ostia follow the standard numbering convention by archaeologists, who divided the town into five regions, numbered I to V, and then identified the individual blocks and buildings as follows: (region) I, (block) I, (building) 1.
The Rinaldone culture was an Eneolithic culture that spread between the 4th and the 3rd millennium BC in northern and central Lazio, in southern Tuscany and, to a lesser extent, also in Marche and Umbria. It takes its name from the town of Rinaldone, near Montefiascone in the province of Viterbo, northern Lazio.
Porticus Aemilia was a portico in ancient Rome. It was one of the largest commercial structures of its time and functioned as a storehouse and distribution center for goods entering the city via the Tiber river.
Studi sul Settecento Romano is an Italian yearly journal of art history, devoted in particular to the study of artistic and architectural culture in eighteenth-century Rome.
Maria Bonghi Jovino is an Italian archaeologist. Bonghi Jovino was Professor of Etruscology and Italic Archaeology at the University of Milan.
Raissa Samojlovna Calza was a Ukrainian dancer who became a prominent classical archaeologist of Roman portraiture. When she was young, she fled to Italy and France following the Russian Revolution.
Lucia Guerrini (1921–1990) was an Italian classical scholar, archaeologist and professor. After participating in the Phaistos excavations in Crete in 1957, she became an enthusiastic editor of the Enciclopedia dell'arte antica, classica e orientale under the auspices of Ranuccio Bianchi Bandinelli. From the 1950s, she taught Greek and Roman Art at the Sapienza University of Rome, succeeding Bandinelli as Professor of Archaeology and Greek and Roman Art in 1973. Guerrini participated in projects relating to Greek and Roman iconography, Coptic art and the Antinoöpolis excavations in Egypt.
Michela Ramadori is an Italian art historian, author and academic.