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The Constitutional Court of the Italian Republic is the highest court of Italy in matters of constitutional law. Sometimes,the name Consulta is used as a metonym for it,because its sessions are held in Palazzo della Consulta in Rome.
The Judiciary of Russia interprets and applies the law of Russia. It is defined under the Constitution and law with a hierarchical structure with the Constitutional Court and Supreme Court at the apex. The district courts are the primary criminal trial courts,and the regional courts are the primary appellate courts. The judiciary is governed by the All-Russian Congress of Judges and its Council of Judges,and its management is aided by the Judicial Department of the Supreme Court,the Judicial Qualification Collegia,and the Ministry of Justice,and the various courts' chairpersons. And although there are many officers of the court,including jurors,the Prosecutor General remains the most powerful component of the Russian judicial system.
The judicial system of Turkey is defined by Articles 138 to 160 of the Constitution of Turkey.
The Supreme Court of Cassation is the highest court of appeal or court of last resort in Italy. It has its seat in the Palace of Justice,Rome.
The Italian order of precedence is fixed by Decree of the President of the Council of Ministers (D.P.C.M.) of April 14,2006 and of April 16,2008. It is a hierarchy of officials in the Italian Republic used to direct protocol. The President,being head of state,is first,and the Prime Minister,the head of government,is fourth.
- The President of the Republic
- (Cardinals and princes of reigning dynasties - these officers cannot preside over the ceremony)
- The President of the Senate of the Republic
- The President of the Chamber of Deputies
- The President of the Council of Ministers (Prime-Minister)
- The President of the Constitutional Court
- Former President of the Republic
- Vice Presidents of the Senate of the Republic
- Anna Rossomando
- Gian Marco Centinaio
- Maria Domenica Castellone
- Licia Ronzulli
- Vice Presidents of the Chamber of Deputies
- Sergio Costa
- Fabio Rampelli
- Giorgio Mulé
- Anna Ascani
- Vice Presidents of the Council of Ministers
- Antonio Tajani
- Matteo Salvini
- Vice Presidents of the Constitutional Court
- Franco Modugno
- Giulio Prosperetti
- Giovanni Amoroso
- Ministers of the Republic
- Judges of the Constitutional Court
- Presidents of Regions
- The First President of the Supreme Court of Cassation
- The President of the National Council for Economics and Labour
- Deputy Ministers of the Republic
- Quaestors of the Senate and Chamber of Deputies,in order of seniority
- Presidents of Parliamentary Commissions
- The President of the Council of State
- The President of the Court of Accounts
- The Governor of the Central Bank of Italy
- The General Prosecutor of the Supreme Court of Cassation
- The Attorney General of the Republic
- The Chief of the Defence Staff
- Senators and Deputies,in order of appointment
- The President of the Accademia dei Lincei
- The President of the National Research Council
- The President of the Superior Court of Public Waters
- The Vice President of the Council of Military Courts
- The Vice President of the High Council of the Judiciary
- The Presidents of the Autonomous Provinces of Trentino and South Tyrol
- The Deputy President of the Supreme Court of Cassation
- Prefects,in their provinces
- Mayors,in their cities
- Presidents and General Prosecutors of the Court of Appeals
- Presidents of Provinces,in their cities
- Catholic Bishops,in their dioceses
- The Chief of the Army Staff
- The Chief of the Navy Staff
- The Chief of the Air Staff
- The President of the Permanent conference of Rectors
- Ambassadors,in order of establishment of diplomatic relations with their countries
The Court of Cassation of Belgium is the supreme court of the Belgian judiciary. The court is composed of thirty judges with life tenure who are nominated by the High Council of Justice of Belgium and appointed by the Belgian federal government. The court handles cases in the two main languages of Belgium,Dutch and French,and provides certain facilities for cases in German. The court is assisted in its work by a public prosecutor's office and a bar association,which both function separately from other structures. The duty of the public prosecutor's office is to provide advisory opinions to the court on how the law ought to be interpreted and applied. The attorneys of the court's bar association assist litigants in proceedings before the court;in certain cases,their assistance is mandatory.
The judicial system of Greece is the country's constitutionally established system of courts.
The General Council of the Judiciary is the national council of the judiciary of Spain. It is the constitutional body that governs all the Judiciary of Spain,such as courts,and judges,as it is established by the Spanish Constitution of 1978,article 122 and developed by the Organic Law 6/1985 of the Judicial Power (LOPJ). The President of the CGJP is also the president of the Supreme Court.
The Supreme Court is the highest court in the Kingdom of Spain. Originally established pursuant to Title V of the Constitution of 1812 to replace —in all matters that affected justice—the System of Councils,and currently regulated by Title VI of the Constitution of 1978,it has original jurisdiction over cases against high-ranking officials of the Kingdom and over cases regarding illegalization of political parties. It also has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all cases. The Court has the power of judicial review,except for the judicial revision on constitutional matters,reserved to the Constitutional Court.
The Court of Cassation is the main court of last resort in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It has its seat in the Kinshasa Palace of Justice.
Luigi Scotti is an Italian former magistrate,politician and jurist. Between 6 February 2008 and 8 May 2008 he was minister of justice in Romano Prodi's government.
The judiciary of Italy is composed of courts responsible for interpreting and applying the law in the Italian Republic. Magistracy is a public office,accessible only to Italian citizens who hold an Italian Juris Doctor and have successfully participated in the relevant competitive public examination organised by the Ministry of justice. The judicial power is independent and there is no internal hierarchy within. Italian magistrates are either judges or public prosecutors.
Marta Cartabia is an Italian jurist and academic who served as Minister of Justice in the government of Prime Minister Mario Draghi.
The Judiciary of Burundi is the branch of the Government of the Republic of Burundi which interprets and applies the laws of Burundi to ensure impartial justice under law and to provide a mechanism for dispute resolution. The independence of the judiciary is guaranteed by the constitution.
The Supreme Court of the Dominican Republic is the highest court existing in the Republic and is,therefore,the head of the judiciary in the country.
The High Council of the Judiciary is an Italian institution of constitutional importance,entrusted to preside over the organisation of the Italian Judiciary. The High Council sits in the Palazzo dei Marescialli,Piazza Indipendenza 6,Rome.
The Federal Supreme Court of Ethiopia is the highest court in Ethiopia. It was established by the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia constitution in 1994 and is currently located in Addis Ababa. Article 78 of the Constitution establishes the judiciary and at the top is the FSC. By the Constitution,the Federal Supreme Court has "the power of cassation over any final court decision containing a basic error of law". In 2018,Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed appointed Meaza Ashenafi to be the first female president 0f the Federal Supreme Court. Solomon Areda Waktolla was appointed as Vice President of the Federal Supreme Court. Both were resigned by the Parliament on 17 January 2023,and replaced by Tewodros Mihret and Abeba Embiale as Chief Justice and Deputy Chief Justice of the Supreme Court respectively.
The Council of the Military Judiciary,also known as CMM is the self governing body of the Italian military judiciary. The seat of the council is located in Palazzo Cesi,Rome.
References
- 1 2 "Consulta: Maria Rosaria San Giorgio eletta giudice costituzionale". Rai News24. 16 December 2020. Retrieved 2 January 2022.
- 1 2 "Consulta: quarto giudice donna. E' l'ex Csm Maria Rosaria San Giorgio". La Repubblica. 16 December 2020. Retrieved 2 January 2022.
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