Maria Tymoczko | |
---|---|
Born | 1943 (age 80–81) |
Nationality | American |
Academic background | |
Alma mater | Radcliffe College Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences |
Academic work | |
Discipline | Comparative literature |
Institutions | University of Massachusetts Amherst |
Maria Fleming Tymoczko (born 1943) [1] is a scholar of comparative literature who has written about translation,medieval Celtic literature,and modern Irish literature including the works of James Joyce. She is a professor of comparative literature at the University of Massachusetts Amherst,and the former president of the Celtic Studies Association of North America. [2] She is known for her calls for a more international and multicultural perspective on translation. [3] [4] [5]
Tymoczko is of Slovak descent through her grandmother,and grew up speaking English,Slovak,and (from neighbors) Italian. She lived in her grandmother's house in Cleveland,Ohio at a time and place where "it was assumed that most people spoke at least two languages",and has said that this upbringing strongly influenced her view of translation. [6]
She earned a bachelor's degree at Radcliffe College in 1965,majoring in Romance languages with a minor in biochemistry. After a year as a Fulbright Scholar at Aix-Marseille University,she returned to Harvard University for graduate study,earning a master's degree in 1968 and completing her Ph.D. in Celtic and Romance languages and literatures in 1973. Her dissertation,The Personal Names in the Ulster Sagas:A Tool for Understanding the Development of the Cycle,was supervised by John V. Kelleher. [2]
After postdoctoral research at the University of Massachusetts Amherst,she became an assistant professor of Irish studies for the Five College Consortium in 1974,and in 1977 moved to the comparative literature department of the University of Massachusetts Amherst,one of the Five Colleges. [2]
Tymoczko's first book,The Irish "Ulysses" (University of California Press,1994) [7] was co-winner of the 1995 Book Award for Literary and Cultural Criticism from the American Conference for Irish Studies. [2] The book argues that in Ulysses ,James Joyce was seeking to create an Irish literature,and teases out many parallel passages from Ulysses to the Irish literary tradition that,according to Tymoczko,were deliberate references by Joyce. [7] Bien (1995) calls some of the comparisons stretched and suggests that many readers will not be convinced,but still calls it "a book that every Joycean must read". And although Harmon (1998) criticizes her style of reasoning,"from like to like",as weak without a comparison of how many other things are also like,he nevertheless says that she "establishes [it] beyond any quibble". Tracy (1995) supports her thesis as unsurprising,pointing to Joyce's later use of Irish texts in Finnegans Wake .
Her next book forms a bridge between this early work on Irish literature and her later work on translation as a general topic. Translation in a Postcolonial Context (St. Jerome Publishing,1999) [8] won the Michael J. Durkan Prize of the American Conference for Irish Studies for best book in Irish language and cultural studies. [2] It studies multiple 19th- and 20th-century translations of old Irish literature,particularly concentrating on the Táin BóCúailnge ,and the ways in which these translations were colored by the context of the colonization and decolonization of Ireland. [8] It also expresses a clear preference for literary translation over scholarly translation,as later exemplified by Seamus Heaney's translation of Beowulf. [9]
In her third book,Enlarging Translation,Empowering Translators (St. Jerome Publishing,2007), [10] Tymoczko clearly articulates her call for a new view of translation bringing greater diversity into its theory and practice. She argues that the view of translation as faithfully transmitting a text's original meaning is only one way of looking at translation,stemming from its origin in the translation of the Bible. Instead,following Gideon Toury,she argues that any text viewed within its culture as a translation should be considered one,that there are many types of translation,that the boundaries of what makes a translation are fuzzy and dynamic,and that viewing translation in this way can help bring a diverse and international viewpoint to the subject. [11]
Tymoczko is also the editor of:
Tymoczko was married for many years to philosopher Thomas Tymoczko (1943–1996) of Smith College. They had three children,including music composer and theorist Dmitri Tymoczko and Smith College mathematics professor Julianna Tymoczko. [15]
E. Ann Matter is former Associate Dean for Arts &Letters and Professor of Religious Studies Emerita at the University of Pennsylvania. She specializes in Medieval Christianity,including mysticism,women and religion,sexuality and religion,manuscript and textual studies,biblical interpretation and sacred music.
Joyce Dyer is a U.S. writer of nonfiction and former university professor at Hiram College. Born in Akron,Ohio,many of Dyer's works focus on her family and the Ohio experience.
Robert J. Zydenbos is a Dutch-Canadian scholar who has doctorate degrees in Indian philosophy and Dravidian studies. He also has a doctorate of literature from the University of Utrecht in the Netherlands. Zydenbos also studied Indian religions and languages at the South Asia Institute and at the University of Heidelberg in Germany. He taught Sanskrit at the University of Heidelberg and later taught Jain philosophy at the University of Madras in India. Zydenbos later taught Sanskrit,Buddhism,and South Asian religions at the University of Toronto in Canada. He was the first western scholar to write a doctoral thesis on contemporary Kannada fiction.
Ruth Vanita is an Indian academic,activist and author who specialises in British and Indian literary history with a focus on gender and sexuality studies. She also teaches and writes on Hindu philosophy.
Ann Dooley is a professor emerita with the Centre for Medieval Studies and the Celtic Studies Program at St. Michael's College at the University of Toronto where she specializes in Irish literature. She has published a translation of Acallam na Senórach entitled Tales of the Elders of Ireland as well as a study of Táin BóCuailnge entitled Playing the Hero:Reading the Irish SagaTáin BóCuailnge.
Barbara G. Taylor is a Canadian-born historian based in the United Kingdom,specialising in the Enlightenment,gender studies and the history of subjectivity. She is Professor of Humanities at Queen Mary,University of London.
Annie Brisset,a member of the Royal Society of Canada,is a Professor of Translation Studies and Discourse Theory at the School of Translation and Interpretation of the University of Ottawa,Canada.
The Translator's Invisibility:A History of Translation is a translation studies book by Lawrence Venuti originally released in 1995. A second,substantially revised edition was published in 2008.
La traduction et la lettre ou l'auberge du lointain is a book by Antoine Berman,published in 1991.
Pour une critique des traductions:John Donne is a posthumous book by Antoine Berman,published in 1995.
Translation Terminology Writing is a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal specializing in translation studies. It is published by the Canadian Association for Translation Studies and was established in 1988,by Jean-Marc Gouanvic and Robert Larose. The editor-in-chief is Aline Francoeur.
Kirin Narayan is an Indian-born American anthropologist,folklorist and writer.
Solaria was a modernist literary magazine published in Florence,Italy,between 1926 and 1936. The title is a reference to the city of sun. The magazine is known for its significant influence on young Italian writers. It was one of the publications which contributed to the development of the concept of Europeanism.
Jon C. Teaford is professor emeritus in the History Department at Purdue University. He specializes in American urban history and early on in his career he specialized in legal history.
Omise'eke Natasha Tinsley is Professor of Black Studies at the University of California,Santa Barbara. Previously she was an Associate Professor of African and African Diaspora Studies at the University of Texas at Austin. She is trained in literary critique,and does work in Caribbean Studies,Black Diaspora Studies,Gender and Women's Studies,and Pop Culture Studies. She is the author of Thiefing Sugar:Eroticism between Women in Caribbean Literature,and Ezili′s Mirrors:Imagining Black Queer Genders. She received the F.O. Matthiessen Visiting Professorship of Gender and Sexuality at Harvard for the 2018–2019 school year. Her latest work Beyoncéin Formation:Remixing Black Feminism was published in November 2018. It is based on her course at University of Texas Austin entitled BeyoncéFeminism,Rihanna Womanism,which launched in Spring 2015.
Maria Celina Dzielska was a Polish classical philologist,historian,translator,biographer of Hypatia and political activist. She was a Professor of Ancient Roman History at Jagiellonian University.
Hazel Perfect was a British mathematician specialising in combinatorics.
Colin Wringe is a British educational theorist and Reader in Education at Keele University,where he is an honorary fellow of the School of Social Science and Public Policy. He is best known for his works on moral education.
Olivia Milburn is a sinologist,author and literary translator who specialises in Chinese cultural history and in Chinese minority groups.
Maria Luisa Dalla Chiara Scabia is an Italian logician and philosopher of science,known for her work on quantum logic and quasi-set theory. She is a professor emerita at the University of Florence.
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