Marion Reid (scientist)

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Marion Elizabeth Reid (born 1943or1944) [1] is a British scientist specialising in immunohematology and author based in Bristol. She has worked in both the United Kingdom and the United States. [2]

Contents

Early life and education

Reid was born in Winchester, England. At age 10, she was told she was "incapable of being taught" and "would have a hard time holding a job". [3]

Reid trained as a medical technologist at the North East Blood Metropolitan Transfusion Service in Brentwood before earning her PhD in biochemistry from the CNAA in Bristol. She qualified as a Fellow of the Institute of Medical Laboratory Technology, now the Institute of Biomedical Science. [2] She holds a Master of Science (MSc) in clinical science from San Francisco State University. [4]

Career

Reid directed the Laboratory of Immunohematology at the New York Blood Center, where she led the transition from serologic methods for characterizing red cell antigens and antibodies to a combination of serology and DNA-based genotyping of blood group antigens. [5] She published hundreds of articles and was described by reviewers as a "scientist and world-renowned immunohematologist". [6] Her laboratory identified novel blood group antigens and alleles in several different ethnic groups. [7] [8] [9] [10] She holds a patent for a DNA-based method to identify compatible donors for patients requiring blood transfusions. [11]

Personal life

Reid lives in Clifton, Bristol. [12]

Reid's retirement hobby of green woodworking makes her a bodger. [4] In 2020 she was president of Bristol Soroptimist International, and published 100 Years of Sisterhood: Bristol Fashion. [13] [14]

Select publications

Non-scientific

Awards

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blood transfusion</span> Intravenous transference of blood products

Blood transfusion is the process of transferring blood products into a person's circulation intravenously. Transfusions are used for various medical conditions to replace lost components of the blood. Early transfusions used whole blood, but modern medical practice commonly uses only components of the blood, such as red blood cells, plasma, platelets, and other clotting factors. White blood cells are transfused only in very rare circumstances, since granulocyte transfusion has limited applications. Whole blood has come back into use in the setting of trauma.

Rh disease is a type of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). HDFN due to anti-D antibodies is the proper and currently used name for this disease as the Rh blood group system actually has more than 50 antigens and not only the D-antigen. The term "Rh Disease" is commonly used to refer to HDFN due to anti-D antibodies, and prior to the discovery of anti-Rho(D) immune globulin, it was the most common type of HDFN. The disease ranges from mild to severe, and occurs in the second or subsequent pregnancies of Rh-D negative women when the biologic father is Rh-D positive.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blood donation</span> Blood withdrawal for use by another person via transfusion

A blood donation occurs when a person voluntarily has blood drawn and used for transfusions and/or made into biopharmaceutical medications by a process called fractionation. A donation may be of whole blood, or of specific components directly (apheresis). Blood banks often participate in the collection process as well as the procedures that follow it.

Glycophorin C plays a functionally important role in maintaining erythrocyte shape and regulating membrane material properties, possibly through its interaction with protein 4.1. Moreover, it has previously been shown that membranes deficient in protein 4.1 exhibit decreased content of glycophorin C. It is also an integral membrane protein of the erythrocyte and acts as the receptor for the Plasmodium falciparum protein PfEBP-2.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rh blood group system</span> Human blood group system involving 49 blood antigens

The Rh blood group system is a human blood group system. It contains proteins on the surface of red blood cells. After the ABO blood group system, it is the most likely to be involved in transfusion reactions. The Rh blood group system consisted of 49 defined blood group antigens in 2005. As of 2023, there are over 50 antigens among which the five antigens D, C, c, E, and e are the most important. There is no d antigen. Rh(D) status of an individual is normally described with a positive (+) or negative (−) suffix after the ABO type. The terms Rh factor, Rh positive, and Rh negative refer to the Rh(D) antigen only. Antibodies to Rh antigens can be involved in hemolytic transfusion reactions and antibodies to the Rh(D) and Rh antigens confer significant risk of hemolytic disease of the newborn.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">P1PK blood group system</span> Human blood group system

P1PK is a human blood group system based upon the A4GALT gene on chromosome 22. The P antigen was first described by Karl Landsteiner and Philip Levine in 1927. The P1PK blood group system consists of three glycosphingolipid antigens: Pk, P1 and NOR. In addition to glycosphingolipids, terminal Galα1→4Galβ structures are present on complex-type N-glycans. The GLOB antigen is now the member of the separate GLOB (globoside) blood group system.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lutheran antigen system</span> Human blood group system

The Lutheran antigen systems is a classification of human blood based on the presence of substances called Lutheran antigens on the surfaces of red blood cells. There are 19 known Lutheran antigens. The name Lutheran stems from a blood donor's misspelled last name, reportedly named Lutteran or Lutheran. All of these antigens arise from variations in a gene called BCAM. The system is based on the expression of two codominant alleles, designated Lua and Lub. The antigens Aua and Aub, known as the Auberger antigens, were once thought to make up a separate blood group but were later shown to be Lutheran antigens arising from variations in the BCAM gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ii antigen system</span> Human blood group system

The Ii antigen system is a human blood group system based upon a gene on chromosome 6 and consisting of the I antigen and the i antigen. The I antigen is normally present on the cell membrane of red blood cells in all adults, while the i antigen is present in fetuses and newborns.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Packed red blood cells</span> Red blood cells separated for blood transfusion

Packed red blood cells, also known as packed cells, are red blood cells that have been separated for blood transfusion. The packed cells are typically used in anemia that is either causing symptoms or when the hemoglobin is less than usually 70–80 g/L. In adults, one unit brings up hemoglobin levels by about 10 g/L. Repeated transfusions may be required in people receiving cancer chemotherapy or who have hemoglobin disorders. Cross-matching is typically required before the blood is given. It is given by injection into a vein.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ART4</span> Protein-coding gene in humans

Ecto-ADP-ribosyltransferase 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ART4 gene. ART4 has also been designated as CD297.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ERMAP</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Erythroid membrane-associated protein is a protein that in humans is responsible for the Scianna blood group system, and is encoded by the ERMAP gene.

Platelet transfusion refractoriness is the repeated failure to achieve the desired level of blood platelets in a patient following a platelet transfusion. The cause of refractoriness may be either immune or non-immune. Among immune-related refractoriness, antibodies against HLA antigens are the primary cause. Non-immune causes include splenomegaly, fever, and sepsis.

A kodecyte (ko•de•cyte) is a living cell that has been modified (koded) by the incorporation of one or more function-spacer-lipid constructs to gain a new or novel biological, chemical or technological function. The cell is modified by the lipid tail of the FSL construct incorporating into the bilipid membrane of the cell.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">RHD (gene)</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Rh blood group, D antigen also known as Rh polypeptide 1 (RhPI) or cluster of differentiation 240D (CD240D) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RHD gene.

The Anton blood group antigen is a cell surface receptor found on some human red blood cells. It has been observed to play a role in Haemophilus influenzae infections. Studies showed that bacterium can adhere to this receptor and cause human red blood cells to agglutinate.

The Vel blood group is a human blood group that has been implicated in hemolytic transfusion reactions. The blood group consists of a single antigen, the high-frequency Vel antigen, which is expressed on the surface of red blood cells. Individuals are typed as Vel-positive or Vel-negative depending on the presence of this antigen. The expression of the antigen in Vel-positive individuals is highly variable and can range from strong to weak. Individuals with the rare Vel-negative blood type develop anti-Vel antibodies when exposed to Vel-positive blood, which can cause transfusion reactions on subsequent exposures.

The Junior blood group system is a human blood group defined by the presence or absence of the Jr(a) antigen, a high-frequency antigen that is found on the red blood cells of most individuals. People with the rare Jr(a) negative blood type can develop anti-Jr(a) antibodies, which may cause transfusion reactions and hemolytic disease of the newborn on subsequent exposures. Jr(a) negative blood is most common in people of Japanese heritage.

The Lan blood group system is a human blood group defined by the presence or absence of the Lan antigen on a person's red blood cells. More than 99.9% of people are positive for the Lan antigen. Individuals with the rare Lan-negative blood type, which is a recessive trait, can produce an anti-Lan antibody when exposed to Lan-positive blood. Anti-Lan antibodies may cause transfusion reactions on subsequent exposures to Lan-positive blood, and have also been implicated in mild cases of hemolytic disease of the newborn. However, the clinical significance of the antibody is variable. The antigen was first described in 1961, and Lan was officially designated a blood group in 2012.

The Sid blood group system is a human blood group defined by the presence or absence of the Sd(a) antigen on a person's red blood cells. About 96% of people are positive for the Sd(a) antigen, which is inherited as a dominant trait. Among Sd(a) positive individuals, the expression of the antigen ranges from extremely weak to extremely strong. Very strong expression of the antigen is referred to as a Sd(a++) phenotype. In addition to being expressed on red blood cells, Sd(a) is secreted in bodily fluids such as saliva and breast milk, and is found in the highest concentrations in urine. Urine testing is considered the most reliable method for determining a person's Sid blood type.

The Augustine blood group system is a human blood group system. It includes four red blood cell surface glycoprotein antigens which are encoded by alleles of the gene SLC29A1.

References

  1. ↑ Reid, Marion (1 June 2021). "Iʼve raised £3,626 to support two charities: National Centre for Integrative Medicine and Lifeskills". JustGiving. Retrieved 8 October 2024.
  2. 1 2 "Meet our Board". National Centre for Integrative Medicine. Retrieved 8 October 2024.
  3. 1 2 Reid, M. E. (15 August 2006). "International Woman in Transfusion Award lecture: selected lessons learnt from blood groups". ISBT Science Series. 1 (1). Wiley: 112–119. doi:10.1111/j.1751-2824.2006.00047.x. ISSN   1751-2816.
  4. 1 2 "Marion Elizabeth Reid, FIMBS, PhD, DSc (Hon.)" (PDF). AABB. Retrieved 7 October 2024.
  5. ↑ Reid ME, Denomme GA (February 2011). "DNA-based methods in the immunohematology reference laboratory". Transfusion and Apheresis Science. 44 (1): 65–72. doi:10.1016/j.transci.2010.12.011. PMC   3058268 . PMID   21257350.
  6. ↑ Shirey, R. Sue; King, Karen E. (2012). "The Discovery and Significance of Blood Groups by Marion Reid and Ian Shine. Cambridge, MA: SBB Books, 2012. 192 pages. ISBN: 978-1-59572-422-9". Transfusion. 52 (11). Wiley: 2487. doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2012.03920.x. ISSN   0041-1132.
  7. ↑ Moulds JM, Persa R, Rierson D, Billingsley KL, Noumsi GT, Hue-Roye K, Reid ME (November 2013). "Three novel alleles in the Kell blood group system resulting in the Knull phenotype and the first in a Native American". Transfusion. 53 (11 Suppl 2): 2867–71. doi:10.1111/trf.12205. PMID   23581548.
  8. ↑ Westhoff CM, Vege S, Horn T, Hue-Roye K, Halter Hipsky C, Lomas-Francis C, Reid ME (November 2013). "RHCE*ceMO is frequently in cis to RHD*DAU0 and encodes a hr(S) -, hr(B) -, RH:-61 phenotype in black persons: clinical significance". Transfusion. 53 (11 Suppl 2): 2983–9. doi:10.1111/trf.12271. PMC   3784631 . PMID   23772606.
  9. ↑ Reid ME, Hue-Roye K, Velliquette RW, Larimore K, Moscarelli S, Ohswaldt N, Lomas-Francis C (2013). "SC*994C>T causes the Sc(null) phenotype in Pacific Islanders and successful transfusion of Sc3+ blood to a patient with anti-Sc3". Immunohematology. 29 (2): 69–72. doi:10.21307/immunohematology-2019-127. PMID   24094239.
  10. ↑ Westhoff CM, Vege S, Nickle P, Singh S, Hue-Roye K, Lomas-Francis C, Reid ME (October 2011). "Nucleotide deletion in RHCE*cE (907delC) is responsible for a D- - haplotype in Hispanics". Transfusion. 51 (10): 2142–7. doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03144.x. PMID   21517889.
  11. ↑ "CA2887401 (C) - A Method Of Nucleic Acid Typing For Selecting Registered Donors For Cross-Matching To Transfusion Recipients: Seul Michael [US]; Reid Marion E [US]; Hashmi Ghazala [US]; Pierce Michael [US]". Espacenet. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  12. ↑ "Visit: Dr Marion Reid - President of Soroptimist International of Bristol visited CHS". Clifton High School. 2020. Retrieved 10 October 2024.
  13. ↑ "100 Years of Sisterhood: Bristol Fashion [publisher's site]". Redcliffe Press. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
  14. ↑ "100 Years of Sisterhood Bristol Fashion by Marion Reid Book: Book Launch 13th September 2020 just after International Literacy Day". Soroptimist International. 20 September 2020. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
  15. ↑ Swaine, Derwent (February 2017). "Book Review: Bloody Brilliant! A History of Blood Groups and Blood Groupers by Steven R Pierce and Marion E Reid" (PDF). British Society for the History of Medicine. Retrieved 7 October 2024.
  16. ↑ "Highly Commended: Internal Medicine" (PDF). BMA Medical Book Awards. 2013. Retrieved 7 October 2024.
  17. ↑ Reviews of The Discovery and Significance of the Blood Groups:
    • Shirey, R. Sue; King, Karen E. (2012). "The Discovery and Significance of Blood Groups by MarionReid and IanShine. Cambridge, MA: SBB Books, 2012. 192 pages. ISBN: 978-1-59572-422-9". Transfusion. 52 (11). Wiley: 2487. doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2012.03920.x. ISSN   0041-1132.
    • Reverberi, Roberto (2012). "Book Review". Blood Transfusion. doi:10.2450/2012.0114-12.
  18. ↑ "Co-Author of Bloody Brilliant to Host Book Signing at 2024 AABB Annual Meeting". Association for the Advancement of Blood & Biotherapies. 2 October 2024. Retrieved 7 October 2024.
  19. ↑ "The Discovery and Significance of Selected Blood Groups". BBTS. September 2014. Retrieved 7 October 2024.
  20. ↑ "Individuals and Organizations Honored for Contributions to Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies". Elite Learning. 13 October 2012. Retrieved 7 October 2024.
  21. ↑ Reid ME (September 2013). "Emily Cooley lecture 2012: Emily Cooley and techniques that have been applied to characterize DO and JR blood groups". Transfusion. 53 (9): 1876–83. doi:10.1111/trf.12207. PMID   23581612.
  22. ↑ "University of Plymouth honorary doctorates" . Retrieved 8 October 2024.
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