Marktkirche, Hanover

Last updated

Marktkirche
Marktkirche St. Georgii et Jacobi
Marktkirche Hannover vom Rathaus.jpg
Market Church seen from the observation platform of the New Town Hall
Marktkirche, Hanover
Market Church and the approximate location of the former 13th-century defensive wall encircling the old town () that grew around the church and the market place next to it
52°22′18″N9°44′07″E / 52.371789°N 9.735329°E / 52.371789; 9.735329 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
Location Hanover
CountryGermany
Denomination Evangelical-Lutheran Church of Hanover
Previous denomination Catholic Church
Website www.marktkirche-hannover.de OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
History
Status
Dedication
Consecrated ~ 1360 [1]
Architecture
Functional statusActive
Architectural type Hall church
Style Brick Gothic
Groundbreaking 1347 [1]
Completed1366 (1366) [1]
Specifications
Length61.5 metres (202 ft)
Width26.6 metres (87 ft)
Nave width8 metres (26 ft) centre
5.4 metres (18 ft) lateral
Spire height97.26 metres (319.1 ft)
Materials Brick
Administration
Synod Evangelical-Lutheran Church of Hanover
Deanery Hanover City (Stadtkirchenverband)
Parish Marktkirchengemeinde, Hanover

The Market Church (German : Marktkirche, meaning 'church at the market place') is the main Lutheran church in Hanover, Germany. Built in the 14th century, it was referred to in 1342 as the church of Saints James and George (Latin : ecclesia sanctorum Jacobi et Georgii) in dedication to Saint James the Elder and Saint George. [1] Replacing an older, smaller, church at the same location that dated to 1125 and that is known to have been called St. Georgii (after Saint George) in 1238, [1] [2] Hanover grew around it and the market place situated immediately adjacent to its south that was established around the same time. [3] :3 Today the official name of the church is Market Church of Saints George and James (MarktkircheSt. Georgii et Jacobi), and along with the nearby Old Town Hall is considered the southernmost example of the northern German brick gothic architectural style (norddeutsche Backsteingotik).

Contents

A hall church with a monumental saddleback roof that rises above the nave and two aisles, the roof and the vaults of the naves were restored in 1952 after being destroyed in an air raid in 1943. Its tower, situated on its western side and a symbol of the power and wealth of the citizens of the town when built, is both a landmark of Hanover and, 636 years after its roof was first constructed, one of the highest towers in Lower Saxony.

Altar

The main altar was carved of linden wood around 1480. Its front depicts the Passion of Christ in 21 scenes following models of Martin Schongauer, [4] while its back shows scenes from the lives of the two patron saints, Saint George and Saint James. Moved to the Aegidienkirche in 1663 to make room for a Baroque altar, the altar was taken to the Welfenmuseum in 1856 and thus spared destruction during World War II when the Aegidienkirche was bombed. It was returned to the Market Church in 1952.

Organ

An organ was installed in the tower room (Turmraum) in 1893, which included parts of an instrument of the 17th century. This organ was destroyed in World War II.

Today's main organ is at the back wall of the southern aisle. The first instrument in that location was built in 1953 and 1954 by the organ builders Emil Hammer Orgelbau  [ de ] and Rudolf von Beckerath. It had 61 stops, four manuals and pedal. The casing (Prospekt) was designed by Dieter Oesterlen and is a protected monument.

From 2007 to 2009, the instrument was rebuilt by Orgelbau Goll in Lucerne. The casing and about half of the pipes were kept. The new organ has 64 stops, 39 of them mostly using the older material. [5]

Bells

The Market Church has 11 bells. [6] The Bell of Christ and Peace (Christus- und Friedensglocke) is the biggest in Lower Saxony and is used on special occasions only.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hanover-Mitte</span> Borough of Hanover in Lower Saxony, Germany

Mitte is the first borough of Hanover, the state capital of Lower Saxony. As of 2020, it has 36,645 inhabitants and consists of the quarters Mitte, Calenberger Neustadt, Oststadt and Zoo. The district mayor is Cornelia Kupsch (CDU).

The NDR Radiophilharmonie is a German radio orchestra, affiliated with the Norddeutscher Rundfunk (NDR) in Hanover, the capital of Lower Saxony. The orchestra principally gives concerts in the Großer Sendesaal of the Landesfunkhaus Niedersachsen.

Engelbostel is a district of the city of Langenhagen in the Hanover region. It was independent until 1974 when the village was incorporated into Langenhagen. The town is located southwest of the Hannover-Langenhagen airport. To the east is Schulenburg, and to the west are the town of Garbsen and the villages of Berenbostel and Stelingen.

Hermann Bahlsen was a German entrepreneur in the food industry as well as the inventor of the Leibniz butter biscuit and founder of the Bahlsen confectionery factory.

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Hanover, Germany.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aegidienkirche, Hanover</span> War Memorial in Hanover, Lower Saxony

Aegidien Church, after Saint Giles to whom the church was dedicated, is a war memorial in Hanover, the capital of Lower Saxony, Germany. The church dates from 1347, when it replaced an older Romanesque church dating to 1163. This in turn replaced an even earlier chapel. Aegidien Church was destroyed during the night beginning 8 October 1943 by aerial bombings of Hanover during World War II. In 1952, Aegidien Church became a war memorial dedicated to victims of war and of violence.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kreuzkirche, Hanover</span> Church in Hanover, Lower Saxony

The Church of the Holy Cross is a Lutheran church in the centre of Hanover, the capital of Lower Saxony, Germany. A Gothic hall church, it is one of three churches in Hanover's old town – the other two being Market Church and Aegidien Church, although the latter is now a war memorial.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bombing of Hanover in World War II</span> Air raids on Hanover, Germany during second World War

The aerial bombings of Hanover are a series of eighty-eight air raids by Royal Air Force (RAF) Bomber Command and the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) on the German city of Hanover during World War II. Collectively these air raids killed 6,782 persons, predominantly civilian residents. Around 1,000 aerial mines, 34,000 high explosive bombs, 900,000 incendiary bombs and 50,000 fire bombs were dropped. The most destructive and deadly air raid on Hanover was conducted by the RAF on the night beginning 8 October 1943, killing 1,245 persons, and is an example of carpet bombing of suburban and residential civilian targets laid out in the Area Bombing Directive of 14 February 1942.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Old Town Hall (Hanover)</span> Former town hall in Hanover, Germany

The Old Town Hall is a former, and the first, town hall in Hanover, Germany. Originally built in the old city district in 1410, replaced by the New Town Hall in 1913, and extensively restored in 1953 and 1964 after heavy bomb damage in World War II, it is the oldest secular building in the city. The market façade with the highly sophisticated Brick Gothic of the lucarnes has been preserved and partly restored in its medieval shape. Some elements of it were copied on other wings of the building.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zu den heiligen Engeln</span> Church in Hanover-Kirchrode, Germany

Zu den heiligen Engeln is a Catholic parish and church in Hanover-Kirchrode, Lower Saxony, Germany. The church was built in 1964 on a design by Josef Bieling, and was remodeled in 2014. It is now the parish church of a larger parish, serving the district Kirchrode-Bemerode-Wülferode. It belongs to the deanery of Hanover and the Diocese of Hildesheim. The church is dedicated to the angels.

The hübschefamilies were the third elite class of the Electorate and Kingdom of Hanover in the 18th and early 19th centuries, after the nobility and the clergy. At the time Hanover was in a personal union with the United Kingdom. The group consisted of the higher bourgeoisie and the elite of university-educated civil servants, and played a significant role in the governing of Hanover, often as higher civil servants.

Hugo Thielen is a German freelance author and editor, who is focused on the history of Hanover, the capital of Lower Saxony, in a lexicon of the city, another one especially of its art and culture, and a third of biographies. He co-authored a book about Jewish personalities in Hanover's history.

Waldemar R. Röhrbein was a German historian. He worked as a museum director in Lower Saxony, his last post being from 1976 to 1997 at the Historisches Museum Hannover, and was president of the Homeland Federation of Lower Sachsony. He contributed to encyclopedias about Hanover's history and culture.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Historisches Museum Hannover</span> Museum in Hanover, Germany

Hanover Historical Museum is an historical museum situated in Hanover, the capital of Lower Saxony, Germany. The museum was founded in 1903 as the Homeland Museum of the City of Hanover. Its collections are related to the history of the city, the history of the House of Guelf, and of the state of Lower Saxony.

Dirk Böttcher was a German printer master, author and president of the association of Friends of the Historisches Museum Hannover.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Christian Heinrich Tramm</span> German architect (1819–1861)

Christian Heinrich Tramm was a German architect who, in 1850, introduced the Rundbogenstil in Hanover.

Adolf Falke was a German architect, draughtsman, designer, stage designer and municipal politician.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Broyhan House</span> Half-timbered building in Hanover, Germany

Broyhan House is a residential and commercial building constructed in 1576 in Hanover's historic old town. It is the second-oldest preserved half-timbered building in Hanover, and stands on the cellar walls of an earlier building dating to the 14th century. The house is named after Cord Broyhan, a brewer who lived in an earlier building from 1537 until 1561.

Carl Christoph Conrad Rangenier was a German sculptor, best remembered for his sculpture of George I of Great Britain at Guelph Castle in 1862, and the altar crucifix for the Evangelical Lutheran parish church in Graste in 1864 under Conrad Wilhelm Hase.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stadthalle Hannover</span> Concert hall and event venue in Hanover, Germany

The Stadthalle Hannover is a concert hall and event venue in Hanover, the capital of Lower Saxony, Germany. The large hall is called Kuppelsaal, after its dome. The hall was opened in 1914. It is the largest hall for classical music in Germany, seating 3,600. Severely damaged during World War II, it was restored slightly altered. The hall is now part of the Hannover Congress Centrum. The listed historic building is a landmark of the city.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "Baugeschichte". kirche-hannover.de (in German). Archived from the original on 29 September 2011. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
  2. Wehking, Sabine. "Stadt Hannover, Einleitung, 2. Die Hannoverschen Inschriften – Einordnung in die Stadtgeschichte". Deutsche Inschriften Online (in German). Retrieved 6 November 2022.
  3. Mlynek, Klaus; Röhrbein, Waldemar R. (eds.). "Chronik der Stadt Hannover von den Anfängen bis 1988 – Tabellarische Darstellung" (PDF). Stadtchronik Hannover (in German). Stadtarchiv Hannover. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
  4. Karl-Heinz Grotjahn M.A. (2009). "Marktkirche S. Georgii et Jacobi". In Klaus Mlynek; Waldemar R. Röhrbein (eds.). Hannover City Lexicon. From the beginnings into the present (in German). Hanover: Schlütersche Verlagsgesellschaft. pp. 426–427. ISBN   978-3-89993-662-9. OCLC   458691668. OL   45212542M. Wikidata   Q2327579.
  5. "Die Orgeln der Marktkirche" [The pipes of the Market Church] (in German). 30 August 2011. Archived from the original on 30 August 2011. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
  6. Wubs, Dennis (13 June 2011). Hannover Marktkirche: Glocken der Evangelische Lutherischen Bisschofskirche (Plenum) [Hanover Market Church: Bells of the Evangelical Lutheran Bishop's Church (plenum)]. YouTube. Retrieved 5 November 2022.