Mary Woodson Jarvis (December 12,1842 –February 22,1924) was an American white supremacist,writer,and civic leader who,as the wife of Thomas J. Jarvis,served as the Second Lady of North Carolina from 1877 to 1879 and as the First Lady of North Carolina from 1879 to 1885. She was an active member of the North Carolina Division of the United Daughters of the Confederacy,serving as president of the George B. Singletary Chapter from 1899 to 1916. A promotor of the pseudo-historical Lost Cause of the Confederacy,she authored the book The Ku-Klux Klans, and the booklet The Conditions that Led to the Ku Klux Klans,which glorified the Ku-Klux Klan and condoned the Klan's use of terror against African-Americans in North Carolina.
Jarvis was born Mary Woodson on December 12,1842. She was the daughter of John Woodson,a judge from Goochland County,Virginia. [1]
In 1874,she married Thomas J. Jarvis,the former Speaker of the North Carolina House of Representatives. [1] They had no children. [1] Her husband served as North Carolina's third lieutenant governor from January 1,1877 to February 5,1879,during which time she was the state's second lady. [2] From February 5,1879 to January 21,1885,she served as the first lady of North Carolina,during her husband's term as governor. [3]
In 1899,Jarvis founded the George B. Singletary Chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy in Greenville,North Carolina and served as chapter president from 1899 to 1916. [2] During her time as president,the chapter unveiled a Confederate monument at the Pitt County Courthouse. [2] She also served as president of the Ladies’Memorial Association of Beaufort County. [2]
On April 10,1902,Jarvis published the pseudo-historical booklet The Conditions that Led to the Ku Klux Klans. [4] She also authored the book The Ku-Klux Klans. [5] In her work,Jarvis glorified white supremacy and the condoned the Ku-Klux Klan's use of terror and violence against African-Americans in North Carolina while demonizing militant abolitionist organizations,particularly the movement started by John Brown. [2]
She died on February 22,1924 in Greenville and was buried in Cherry Hill Cemetery.
Albert Pike was an American author,poet,orator,editor,lawyer,jurist and Confederate States Army general who served as an associate justice of the Arkansas Supreme Court in exile from 1864 to 1865. He had previously served as a senior officer of the Confederate States Army,commanding the District of Indian Territory in the Trans-Mississippi Theater. A prominent member of the Freemasons,Pike served as the Sovereign Grand Commander of the Supreme Council,Scottish Rite,Southern Jurisdiction from 1859 to 1891.
The Ku Klux Klan,commonly shortened to the KKK or the Klan,is an American Protestant-led Christian extremist,white supremacist,far-right hate group. It was founded in the 19th century after the American Civil War by six officers of the Confederate Army. Various historians have characterized the Klan as America's first terrorist group. The group contains several organizations structured as a secret society,which have frequently resorted to terrorism,violence and acts of intimidation to impose their criteria and oppress their victims,most notably African Americans,Jews,and Catholics. There have been three distinct iterations with various other targets relative to time and place.
The United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC) is an American neo-Confederate hereditary association for female descendants of Confederate Civil War soldiers engaging in the commemoration of these ancestors,the funding of monuments to them,and the promotion of the pseudohistorical Lost Cause ideology and corresponding white supremacy.
David Curtis "Steve" Stephenson was an American Ku Klux Klan leader,convicted rapist and murderer. In 1923 he was appointed Grand Dragon of the Indiana Klan and head of Klan recruiting for seven other states. Later that year,he led those groups to independence from the national KKK organization. Amassing wealth and political power in Indiana politics,he was one of the most prominent national Klan leaders. He had close relationships with numerous Indiana politicians,especially Governor Edward L. Jackson.
Thomas Jordan Jarvis was the 44th governor of the U.S. state of North Carolina from 1879 to 1885. Jarvis later served as a U.S. Senator from 1894 to 1895,and helped establish East Carolina Teachers Training School,now known as East Carolina University,in 1907.
Thomas Bragg was an American politician and lawyer who served as the 34th Governor of the U.S. state of North Carolina from 1855 through 1859. During the Civil War,he served in the Confederate States Cabinet. He was the older brother of General Braxton Bragg. They were direct descendants of Thomas Bragg (1579–1665) who was born in England and settled in the Virginia Colony.
The Red Strings,also known as the Heroes of America,were a group active primarily in the Southern United States during the American Civil War. They favored peace,an end to the Confederacy,and a restoration of the Union. They began early in the war as a group of Unionists and Quakers in the Piedmont regions of North Carolina and Virginia,where slavery was not as prevalent and the forces favoring secession were weakest.
In modern times,cross burning or cross lighting is a practice which is associated with the Ku Klux Klan. However,it was practiced long before the Klan's inception. Since the early 20th century,the Klan burned crosses on hillsides as a way to intimidate and threaten Black Americans and other marginalized groups.
James William "Catfish" Cole was an American soldier and evangelist who was leader of the Ku Klux Klan of North Carolina and South Carolina,serving as a Grand Dragon.
Julian Shakespeare Carr was an American industrialist,philanthropist,and white supremacist. He is the namesake of the town of Carrboro,North Carolina.
The Indiana Klan was the state of Indiana branch of the Ku Klux Klan,a secret society in the United States that organized in 1915 to promote ideas of racial superiority and affect public affairs on issues of Prohibition,education,political corruption,and morality. Like the rest of the KKK,it was strongly white supremacist against African Americans,Chinese Americans,and also Catholics and Jews,whose faiths were commonly associated with Irish,Italian,Balkan,and Slavic immigrants and their descendants. In Indiana,the Klan did not tend to practice overt violence but used intimidation in certain cases,whereas nationally the organization practiced illegal acts against minority ethnic and religious groups.
John Walter Stephens was an assassinated state senator from North Carolina. He was stabbed and garroted by the Ku Klux Klan on May 21,1870. This killing began the Kirk–Holden war.
William Laurence Saunders was an American attorney,newspaper editor,historian,Ku Klux Klan chief organizer in North Carolina,and the North Carolina Secretary of State from 1879 until his death in 1891.
The Traitor:A Story of the Fall of the Invisible Empire is a 1907 novel by Thomas Dixon Jr. It is the third part in a trilogy about the Ku Klux Klan during Reconstruction. The two previous installments were The Leopard's Spots,published in 1902,and The Clansman:An Historical Romance of the Ku Klux Klan,published in 1905.
The Canadian branch of the Ku Klux Klan was an expansion of the second Ku Klux Klan established in the United States in 1915. It operated as a fraternity,with chapters established in parts of Canada throughout the 1920s and early 1930s. The first registered provincial chapter was registered in Toronto in 1925 by two Americans and a Canadian. The organization was most successful in Saskatchewan,where it briefly influenced political activity and where its membership included a member of Parliament,Walter Davy Cowan.
Adelaide Worth Bagley Daniels was an American suffragist leader and writer. She attended the Eighth Conference of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance in 1920 as the US delegate,the appointee of President Woodrow Wilson,upon the recommendation of Carrie Chapman Catt.
Laura Martin Rose,known professionally as Mrs. S. E. F. Rose,was a historian and propagandist for the Ku Klux Klan employed by the United Daughters of the Confederacy.
Eliza Hall "Hallie" Nutt Parsley was an American civic leader and educator. She worked as a school teacher after the American Civil War and established her own school for children in Wilmington,North Carolina,in 1894,four years before the Wilmington massacre. A war widow,she was active in glorifying the Confederacy through her role as a member of the Ladies' Memorial Association,raising money to build Confederate monuments in North Carolina. Parsley became a prominent figure within the United Daughters of the Confederacy,establishing the Cape Fear Chapter in 1894 and the North Carolina Division in 1897. She served as president of the North Carolina Division of the United Daughters of the Confederacy for two years,travelling across North Carolina to recruit new members and promote the pseudohistorical narrative of the Lost Cause of the Confederacy. Under her leadership,in 1898,the Cape Fear chapter established the Cape Fear Museum of History and Science.
Louisa Virginia Harrison Holden (1830–1900) was an American political hostess who,as the wife of Governor William Woods Holden,twice-served as First Lady of North Carolina from May 29,1865,to December 15,1865,and from July 1,1868,to March 22,1871. She and her husband were the state's first governor and first lady following the American Civil War.