Matngele language

Last updated
Matngele
Region Northern Territory, Australia
Extinct by 2006 census [1]
perhaps 1 reported 1973; perhaps 10 reported 1990
Eastern Daly
  • Matngele
Latin
Language codes
ISO 639-3 zml
Glottolog madn1237 [2]
AIATSIS [1] N12
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Matngele or Madngele is an extinct Australian Aboriginal language of the Northern Territory.

Australian Aboriginal languages language family

The Australian Aboriginal languages consist of around 290–363 languages belonging to an estimated 28 language families and isolates, spoken by Aboriginal Australians of mainland Australia and a few nearby islands. The relationships between these languages are not clear at present. Despite this uncertainty, the Indigenous Australian languages are collectively covered by the technical term "Australian languages", or the "Australian family".

Northern Territory federal territory of Australia

The Northern Territory is an Australian territory in the central and central northern regions of Australia. It shares borders with Western Australia to the west, South Australia to the south, and Queensland to the east. To the north, the territory looks out to the Timor Sea, the Arafura Sea and the Gulf of Carpentaria, including Western New Guinea and other Indonesian islands. The NT covers 1,349,129 square kilometres (520,902 sq mi), making it the third-largest Australian federal division, and the 11th-largest country subdivision in the world. It is sparsely populated, with a population of only 246,700, making it the least-populous of Australia's eight states and major territories, with fewer than half as many people as Tasmania.

Contents

Classification

Tryon (1974) classified Matngele with Kamu, and this is accepted by Dixon (2002) and Bowern (2011), though denied by Harvey (1990). [1]

The Kamu language, or Gamor, is an extinct indigenous Australian language spoken in Northern Territory, Australia. There were two speakers in 1967.

Phonology

Vowels

Front Central Back
High iu
Mid eɵ
Low a

Consonants

Peripheral Laminal Apical
Bilabial Velar Palatal Alveolar Retroflex
Stop Voiceless pkct
Voiced bɡɟd
Nasal mŋɲn
Lateral ʎl
Rhotic rɻ
Semivowel wj

Grammar

Matngele has only five simple verbs. These must be combined with coverbs in order to form complex verbs.

A verb, from the Latin verbum meaning word, is a word that in syntax conveys an action, an occurrence, or a state of being. In the usual description of English, the basic form, with or without the particle to, is the infinitive. In many languages, verbs are inflected to encode tense, aspect, mood, and voice. A verb may also agree with the person, gender or number of some of its arguments, such as its subject, or object. Verbs have tenses: present, to indicate that an action is being carried out; past, to indicate that an action has been done; future, to indicate that an action will be done.

A coverb is a word or prefix that resembles a verb or co-operates with a verb. In languages that have the serial verb construction, coverbs are a type of word that shares features of verbs and prepositions. A coverb takes an object or complement and forms a phrase that appears in sequence with another verb phrase in accordance with the serial construction. A coverb appears to be subordinate to a main verb and fulfills a function similar to that of a preposition.

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References

  1. 1 2 3 Matngele at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
  2. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Madngele". Glottolog 3.0 . Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.