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Mayuyama Kofun (摩湯山古墳) is a Kofun period keyhole-shaped burial mound, located in the Mayu neighborhood of the city of Kishiwada, Osaka in the Kansai region of Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1956, with the area under protection expanded in 2010. [1]
The Mayuyama Kofun is a zenpō-kōen-fun (前方後円墳), which is shaped like a keyhole, having one square end and one circular end, when viewed from above. It is located on a hill overlooking the Ushitaki River, which flows out of the Izumi Mountains. It is orientated to the northwest, and has a length about 200 meters with a posterior rear circle diameter of about 130 meters, making it the largest in the Izumi region. The tumulus was originally covered in fukiishi and had a large number and variety of haniwa , including cylindrical, and "morning glory-shaped" variants. There were also a ceremonial platforms extending on both sides off of the constriction between the posterior and anterior portions. Traces of a moat remain around the posterior circular portion, but it is not certain if this moat was contemporary with the building of the tumulus, or was a later addition. Archaeological excavations have only been conducted around the periphery of the tumulus 1997 and 1998, and a full-scale survey has never been conducted, Consequently, details of the burial chamber are uncertain, but is it believed to have been a vertical pit-type structure which was robbed in antiquity judging from scattered fragments of schist and shards of Haji ware pottery which have been found on the surface of the posterior circular portion. From the construction details, haniwa, and pottery shards, it is estimated that the tumulus was built around the latter half of the 4th century. At present, access to the tumulus area is restricted. [2]
In the vicinity of the Mayuyama Kofun are a number of ancillary tumuli. The Makozuka Kofun (馬子塚古墳) to the south and the Inariyama Kofun (稲荷山古墳) to the north survive, but numerous cylindrical haniwa excavated in the precincts of Awaji Shrine to the northeast indicate that the shrine may have been built on a now-vanished tumulus. The Makozuka Kofun is a square-type ( hōfun (方墳)) measuring 35 meters on each side. It was largely flattened in 1958 during work to repair the moat embankment on the Mayuyama Kofun, during which time cylindrical haniwa were excavated. It estimated to have been built in the latter half of the 4th century (or the beginning of the 5th century). [2]
The tumulus is about a twelve minutes by car from Kumeda Station on the JR West Hanwa Line. [2]
The Dampusan Kofun (断夫山古墳) is a large keyhole-shaped kofun burial mound located within the grounds of the Atsuta Shrine complex in the Hayata neighborhood of Atsuta-ku, Nagoya, Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1987. Per legend, the tumulus is the tomb is Miyazuhime, the wife of Prince Yamato Takeru, whose purported grave is located nearby.
Shidami Kofun group is a cluster of seven Kofun period burial mounds, located in what is now part of Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture in the Tōkai region of Japan. The Shiratorizuka Kofun was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1972 and the remaining six were added to the designation in 2014..
The Ushiro-Futago Kofun (後二子古墳) is a Kofun period burial mound located in the Nishiomuromachi neighborhood of the city of Maebachi, Gunma Prefecture in the northern Kantō region of Japan. Together with the Sho-Futago Kofun (小二子古墳), it was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1927. The site dates from the late 6th century AD, and these tumuli are two of the five in the Ōmuro kofun cluster. The area is now preserved as a park.
The Hodota Kofun Cluster (保渡田古墳群) is a group of three Kofun period burial mounds located in what is now the city of Takasaki, Gunma Prefecture in the northern Kantō region of Japan. It was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1985.
Ōta Tenjinyama Kofun (太田天神山古墳) is a Kofun period burial mound located in the Uchigashimacho neighborhood of the city of Ōta, Gunma Prefecture in the northern Kantō region of Japan. It was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1941. It is the largest kofun in Gunma Prefecture and the 28th largest in the country. It is the only kofun with a length in excess of 200 meters in eastern Japan.. It is also sometimes referred to as the Dantaiyama Kofun (男体山古墳).
The Atagoyama Kofun (愛宕山古墳) is a kofun burial mound located in the Atago neighborhood of the city of Mito in Ibaraki Prefecture in the northern Kantō region of Japan. It received protection as a National Historic Site in 1934.
The Gyōda Futagoyama Kofun (二子山古墳) is a kofun burial mound located in the city of Gyōda, Saitama Prefecture, in the Kantō region of Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site in 1938 and re-designated as a Special National Historic Site of Japan in 2020 as part of the Sakitama Kofun Cluster.
The Atagoyama Kofun (愛宕山古墳) is a kofun burial mound located in the city of Gyōda, Saitama Prefecture, in the Kantō region of Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site in 1938 and re-designated as a Special National Historic Site of Japan in 2020 as part of the Sakitama Kofun Cluster.
The Mihakayama Kofun (御墓山古墳) is a Kofun period burial mound located between the Sanagu neighborhood of Iga, Mie in the Kansai region of Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1921, with the area under protection expanded in 1970. With a total length of 188 meters, it is the largest kofun in Mie Prefecture. It is also known as the "Ohakayama Kofun", after an alternative pronunciation of the kanji in its name.
The Chausuyama Kofun (茶臼山古墳) is a Kofun period burial mound located in the Akibadai neighborhood of Ōtsu, Shiga in the Kansai region of Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1921. With a total length of 122 meters, it is the third largest kofun in Shiga Prefecture.
Izumi Koganezuka Kofun (和泉黄金塚古墳) is a Kofun period keyhole-shaped burial mound, located in the Uedai neighborhood of the city of Izumi, Osaka in the Kansai region of Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 2008. It is noted for the bronze mirrors found within. These and other artifacts excavated from the tumulus are collectively designated a National Important Cultural Property.
Maruyama Kofun (丸山古墳) is a Kofun period keyhole-shaped burial mound, located in the Jizodō neighborhood of the city of Kaizuka, Osaka in the Kansai region of Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1956. It is also called the Jizo-dō Maruyama Kofun (地蔵堂丸山古墳)
The Kurohimeyama Kofun (黒姫山古墳) is a Kofun period keyhole-shaped burial mound, located in Mihara ward of the city of Sakai, Osaka in the Kansai region of Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1957 with the area under protection expanded in 1978.
The Shionjiyama Kofun (心合寺山古墳) is a Kofun period keyhole-shaped burial mound, located in the Otake neighborhood of the city of Yao, Osaka in the Kansai region of Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1966 with the area under protection expanded in 1978.
The Matsuokayama Kofun (松岳山古墳) is a Kofun period keyhole-shaped burial mound, located in the Kokubu-ichiba neighborhood of the city of Kashiwara, Osaka, in the Kansai region of Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1922. The tumulus is the largest of the Matsudakeyama Kofun Cluster (松岳山古墳群), which has produced many important archaeological finds.
The Makino Kurumazuka Kofun (牧野車塚古墳) is a Kofun period keyhole-shaped burial mound, located in the Ogura Higashimachi neighborhood of the city of Hirakata, Osaka in the Kansai region of Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1922 with the area under protection expanded in 1980.
The Tamaoka Kofun cluster (玉丘古墳群) is a group of seven kofun burial mounds located in the Shinya, Tamaoka and Tamano neighborhoods of the city of Kaisai, Hyōgo Prefecture, in the Kansai region of Japan. The Tamaoka Kofun was individually designated a National Historic Site in 1943, with the others added in 1978 and the area under protection expanded in 1997.
Jingūjiyama Kofun (神宮寺山古墳) is a Kofun period burial mound located in the Nakai neighborhood of Kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama Prefecture, in the San'yō region of Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1959.
Tsukuriyama Kofun (造山古墳) is a cluster of Kofun period burial mounds located in the Shinjōshita neighborhood of Kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama Prefecture, in the San'yō region of Japan. The cluster was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1921. The main Tsukuriyama Kofun is the largest burial mound in Okayama Prefecture and the fourth largest in Japan.
The Yokose Kofun (横瀬古墳) is a Kofun period burial mound, located in the town of Ōsaki, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1943. It is the second largest tumulus in Kagoshima Prefecture after the Tōjin Ōtsuka Kofun, and is estimated to have been constructed in the mid-to-late 5th century.
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