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The Tocharianlanguages, also known as Arśi-Kuči, Agnean-Kuchean or Kuchean-Agnean, are an extinct branch of the Indo-European language family spoken by inhabitants of the Tarim Basin, the Tocharians. The languages are known from manuscripts dating from the 5th to the 8th century AD, which were found in oasis cities on the northern edge of the Tarim Basin and the Lop Desert. The discovery of these languages in the early 20th century contradicted the formerly prevalent idea of an east–west division of the Indo-European language family as centum and satem languages, and prompted reinvigorated study of the Indo-European family. Scholars studying these manuscripts in the early 20th century identified their authors with the Tokharoi, a name used in ancient sources for people of Bactria (Tokharistan). Although this identification is now believed to be mistaken, "Tocharian" remains the usual term for these languages.
Proto-Indo-European (PIE) is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Indo-European language family. No direct record of Proto-Indo-European exists; its proposed features have been derived by linguistic reconstruction from documented Indo-European languages.
Radoslav Katičić was a Croatian linguist, classical philologist, Indo-Europeanist, Slavist and Indologist, one of the most prominent Croatian scholars in the humanities.
Kuchean was a Western member of Tocharian branch of Indo-European languages, extinct from ninth century. Once spoken in the Tarim Basin in Central Asia. Tocharian B shows an internal chronological development; three linguistic stages have been detected. The oldest stage is attested only in Kucha. There are also the middle ('classicalʼ), and the late stage.
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References
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Neue Professuren im März 2012: Univ.-Prof. Mag. Dr. Melanie Malzahn" . Retrieved 15 October 2022.
- 1 2 3 "Academia Europaea: Melanie Malzahn CV" . Retrieved 15 October 2022.
- ↑ "ÖAW: Univ.-Prof. Mag. Dr. Melanie Malzahn" . Retrieved 15 October 2022.
- 1 2 "Academia Europaea: Melanie Malzahn" . Retrieved 15 October 2022.
- ↑ "Gelehrtenporträt Prof. Dr. Melanie Malzahn (YouTube)" . Retrieved 15 October 2022.
- ↑ Peyrot, Michaël 2013. Review of Melanie Malzahn (2010), The Tocharian Verbal System. Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 14, 213-259.
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