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 Mexico |  Netherlands |
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The nations of Mexico and the Netherlands established diplomatic relations in 1827. [1] Both nations are members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the United Nations.
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Mexico | Netherlands |
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The nations of Mexico and the Netherlands established diplomatic relations in 1827. [1] Both nations are members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the United Nations.
The Netherlands was the second European country to recognize Mexico soon after gaining independence from Spain in 1821. That same year, the Netherlands began transporting goods between Mexico and Europe as the Netherlands was seen as a "neutral" nation during disputes between France and Spain. In 1826, the Netherlands appointed a consul-general in Mexico City. Mexico reciprocated the gesture by opening a diplomatic office in The Hague. [2]
Diplomatic relations were officially established between both nations on 15 June 1827 with the signing of the Treaty of Friendship, Navigation and Commerce. [1] Between 1864 - 1878, diplomatic relations were suspended by Mexican President Benito Juárez after the Dutch government recognized the government of Emperor Maximilian I in Mexico by French occupational forces of Emperor Napoleon III. This period was known as the Second Mexican Empire. [2]
In 1940, the Mexican legation in The Hague was closed as a result of the Second World War and was re-opened in 1946. In May 1954, both nations elevated their diplomatic representations to embassies, respectively. [2] In 1963, President Adolfo López Mateos became the first Mexican head-of-state to visit the Netherlands. [3] In the following years, there would be subsequent visits by future Mexican Presidents to the Netherlands. [4]
In 1964, Dutch Queen Juliana paid an official visit to Mexico, becoming the first Dutch monarch to visit the country. [5] In November 2009, Queen Beatrix also paid an official visit to Mexico. [6] In 2016, Máxima of the Netherlands paid her first official visit to Mexico as Queen (previously having visited the country as Princess in 2009 and in 2011). [4]
In 2018 Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto paid an official visit to the Netherlands to celebrate the 190 years anniversary between both nations. [4] In March 2024, Dutch Minister for Foreign Trade Geoffrey van Leeuwen paid a visit to Mexico where he met with his counterpart and met with representatives of Dutch businesses operating in Mexico. [7] [8]
High-level visits from Mexico to the Netherlands [1] [4] [3] [9]
High-level visits from the Netherlands to Mexico [5] [6] [10] [9] [8]
Both nations have signed several bilateral agreement such as an Treaty of Friendship, Navigation and Commerce (1827); Extradition Treaty (1907); Trade Agreement (1950); Treaty for Cultural Relations (1964); Air Transportation Agreement (1971); Agreement to Avoid Double Taxation and Prevent Tax Evasion in Taxes on Income (1993); Agreement for the Reciprocal Promotion and Protection of Investments (1998); Agreement between Mexico and the Netherlands in relation to the Netherlands Antilles on the Exchange of Information on Tax Matters (2009); and an Agreement between Mexico and Netherlands, with respect to Aruba, for the Exchange of Information with Respect for Taxes (2013). [11]
There are direct flights between both nations with the following airlines: Aeroméxico, KLM and TUI fly Netherlands.
In 1997, Mexico signed a Free Trade Agreement with the European Union (which includes the Netherlands). In 2023, total trade between the two nations amounted to US$4.6 billion. [12] Mexico's main exports to the Netherlands include: telephones and mobile phones, data processing machines, electrical equipment, medical equipment, minerals, chemical based products, products of iron or steel, parts for motor vehicles, fruits, juice, honey, alcohol, and livestock. The Netherlands main exports to Mexico include: electronics, machinery, products of iron or non-alloy steel, oils of petroleum, tractors, motor cars and other vehicles, chemical based products, medical equipment, malt extract, seeds, cheese and other dairy products. [12] Several Dutch multinational companies such as C&A, Heineken, Koppert, Philips, Rabobank, Royal Brinkman and Signify (among others) operate in Mexico. [13]
The nations of Canada and Mexico established formal diplomatic relations in 1944. Initially, ties between the two nations were dormant, but since the 1990s relations between Canada and Mexico have positively developed as both countries brokered NAFTA.
The nations of Greece and Mexico established diplomatic relations in 1938. Early Greek migration to Mexico contributed to the industrial agricultural development of the North-Western Pacific state of Sinaloa. Both nations are members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the United Nations.
The nations of Chile and Mexico established diplomatic relations in 1831, however, relations were severed in 1974 in the aftermath of the 1973 Chilean coup d'état. Diplomatic relations were re-established in 1990 and have continued unabated since.
Ties between Mexico and Spain date back to the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire in 1519 and subsequent Spanish colonialism in the region which lasted until the end of the Mexican War of Independence in 1821. Formal diplomatic relations between both nations commenced in 1836 and were severed with the aftermath of the Spanish Civil War in 1939. Diplomatic relations were re-established in 1977 and have continued unabated since.
The nations of Argentina and Mexico established diplomatic relations in 1888. Both nations are members of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, G-20 major economies, Latin American Integration Association, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States and the United Nations.
The nations of Mexico and Serbia originally established diplomatic relations in 1946 when Serbia was part of Yugoslavia. Since the dissolution of Yugoslavia, both countries have continuously maintained diplomatic relations. Both nations were founding members of the Group of 77 and the United Nations.
The nations of Brazil and Mexico established diplomatic relations in 1825. Together, Brazil and Mexico account as the most populous nations in Latin America and both nations have the largest global emerging economies and are considered to be regional powers. Both countries are members of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, G-20 major economies, Latin American Integration Association, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States and the United Nations.
India and Mexico have had contact since the 1500s, but formal diplomatic relations were first established in 1950. Both nations are members of the G-20 major economies and the United Nations.
Diplomatic relations between the People's Republic of China and the United Mexican States were established in 1972. Both nations are members of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, Forum of East Asia–Latin America Cooperation, G-20 major economies and the United Nations.
Mexico and the Philippines share a common history dating from when the Viceroyalty of New Spain ruled the Spanish East Indies for the Spanish Crown. Formal relations between the modern countries were established in 1953. Both nations are members of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, Forum of East Asia–Latin America Cooperation and the United Nations.
The nations of Germany and Mexico first established formal diplomatic relations in 1879, following the unification of Germany. In 1917, the German Empire proposed a World War I alliance with Mexico against the United States in the Zimmermann Telegram before it was foiled by British intelligence agents. The two nations were twice on the opposite sides of 20th century conflicts: first in the Spanish Civil War from 1936 to 1939, and later during World War II from 1942 to 1945. Mexico established relations with both halves of partitioned Germany in 1952 and maintained the relationship through the German reunification in 1990.
The nations of Mexico and Venezuela established diplomatic relations in 1831, however, diplomatic relations between both nations have been historically unstable on several occasions. During the Venezuelan presidential crisis, Mexico took a neutral position and has continued to maintain diplomatic relations with the government of President Nicolás Maduro.
The nations of France and Mexico established diplomatic relations in 1830. Initially, relations between both nations were unstable as a result of France's first and second interventions in Mexico. During World War II Mexico did not recognize Vichy France, instead it maintained diplomatic relations with the French government in exile in London. Diplomatic relations were restored between both nations at the end of the war in 1945 and have continued unabated since.
The nations of Mexico and Peru established diplomatic relations in 1823. Diplomatic relations were briefly cut in 1932 and reinstated again in 1933. Both nations are members of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Lima Group, Organization of Ibero-American States, Organization of American States, Pacific Alliance and the United Nations.
The nations of Indonesia and Mexico established diplomatic relations in 1953. Both nations view their counterpart as strategic partners in each other's regions; Indonesia in Southeast Asia and Mexico in Latin America. Both nations are mutual members of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, Forum of East Asia-Latin America Cooperation, Group of 15, G20, MIKTA, United Nations, and the World Trade Organization.
The nations of Japan and Mexico first established formal diplomatic relations in 1888 with the signing of the Treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation between both nations. This agreement was Japan's first "equal" treaty with any country; which overshadows Tokugawa Ieyasu's pre-Edo period initiatives which sought to establish official relations with New Spain in Mexico.
The nations of Mexico and Poland first established formal diplomatic relations in 1928, however, the two states interacted non-officially before then. As early as 1519, King Sigismund I of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth became aware of Mexico from messages with his envoy in Spain, Jan Dantyszek, who corresponded with Hernán Cortés during the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire. Several Polish migrants began to migrate to New Spain. The first waves of Polish migrants to Mexico commenced in 1830 as well as the beginning of the 20th century due to various circumstances affecting Poland at the time such as insurrections, partitions and the two World Wars.
Belize and Mexico are neighboring nations. They established official diplomatic relations in 1981 after Belize obtained its independence. However, diplomatic relations between Mexico and British administered British Honduras existed as early as 1893. Relations between both nations are based on proximity, trade and cultural connections between the Maya peoples of Belize and southern Mexico.
The nations of Mexico and Saudi Arabia established diplomatic relations in 1952. Both nations are mutual members of the G-20 major economies and the United Nations.
Colombia–Netherlands relations are the bilateral relations between Colombia and the Netherlands. Both nations have had a friendly relationship since the beginning of the 19th century.
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