Michelle J. Anderson | |
---|---|
Born | Michelle Jeanette Anderson January 30, 1967 Valdosta, Georgia, U.S. |
Nationality | American |
Education | University of California, Santa Cruz (BA) Yale University (JD) Georgetown University (LLM) |
Occupation | President of Brooklyn College |
Predecessor | Karen L. Gould |
Michelle J. Anderson (born January 30, 1967) is an American lawyer who is the 10th President of Brooklyn College. She is a scholar on rape law. [1]
Anderson graduated from the University of California, Santa Cruz, in 1989 with a Bachelor of Arts with honors in community studies as a resident of Merrill College. She won the Chancellor's Award for outstanding academic achievement. [2]
While a UC Santa Cruz student, Anderson spent eighteen months "bleaching, dieting, training, tanning, and feigning fundamentalist beliefs to get into the running" for the Miss California beauty pageant, becoming Miss Santa Cruz County. During the televised pageant, just prior to the announcement of a winner, Anderson unveiled a banner that read "pageants hurt all women." [3] [4] [5]
She attended Yale Law School, where she was notes editor of the Yale Law Journal . Anderson was an intern in the chambers of Judge Ellen Bree Burns on the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut. She worked with Harold Koh, Michael Ratner, and students in the Yale Law School International Human Rights Clinic on litigation on behalf of Haitian refugees. [6] Anderson was also a visiting scholar at the University of Cape Town, South Africa.
After graduating from Yale Law School in 1994, Anderson clerked on the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit for Judge William A. Norris. After clerking, she worked as a Fellow and Supervising Attorney at the Appellate Litigation Clinic [7] at Georgetown University Law Center from 1995-97. There, she also earned a Master of Laws in Advocacy. [8]
Anderson joined the faculty of Villanova University School of Law in 1998, where she taught Criminal Law, Criminal Procedure, Feminist Legal Theory, and Children and the Law for eight years, earning top rankings as a professor. She has been a visiting professor at Yale Law School, the University of Pittsburgh School of Law, and Georgetown University Law Center. [9]
She served as Dean at CUNY School of Law from 2006-2016. Under Anderson's leadership, CUNY Law moved from a converted junior high school in Flushing, Queens, to a new, LEED gold-certified building in Long Island City. [10] [11] Under her leadership, CUNY Law achieved excellent national recognition, including top rankings for public interest law, clinical programs, and diversity of the student body and faculty. During her tenure, CUNY Law also launched the Pipeline to Justice Program, [12] the Incubator Program, [13] the Community & Economic Development Clinic, [14] the Center for Urban Environmental Reform, [15] the Center on latino/a Rights and Equality, [16] and the Sorensen Center for International Peace and Justice. [17]
Anderson was a member of the New York City Bar Association's Task Force on New Lawyers in a Changing Profession. [18] She has written on the importance of matching underemployed attorneys with low and moderate-income communities that have great need for legal services they can afford. [19] Along with the New York City Bar Association and some of the city's largest law firms, CUNY Law launched the Court Square Law Project in 2016. [20]
She has been called "one of the legal academy's most perceptive and prolific legal scholars in the area" of sexual assault. [21] Anderson's work traces the history and evolution of rape law and contrasts it with the reform surrounding campus sexual assault. [22] Her scholarship covers the resistance requirement in rape law, [23] rape shield laws, [24] marital rape laws, [25] the corroboration requirement, prompt complaint requirement, and cautionary instructions in rape law, [26] campus sexual assault codes, [26] the place of prostitution and similar prior sexual history in rape cases, [27] and the legal impact of negative social attitudes toward acquaintance rape victims. [28] She has written about sex education's influence on cultural norms of gender in sexuality, [29] the sexual assault of political detainees under South African apartheid, [30] and the traditional constructs of stranger rape and their impact on rape jurisprudence [31] She has also written a new model for how to define rape legally, which focuses on negotiating desires and boundaries. [32] In 2015, Anderson engaged in an "Intelligence Squared" debate on campus sexual assault with Jed Rubenfeld, Jeannie Suk, and Stephen Schulhofer.
Anderson's research has been published in the Yale Law Journal , Boston University Law Review, George Washington Law Review , Hastings Law Journal , Rutgers Law Review , Southern California Law Review , and University of Illinois Law Review.
Anderson became the 10th President of Brooklyn College in August 2016. [33] In her first year as president, Anderson invited Bernie Sanders by writing him a letter and telling him to “come home.” [34]
Anderson is a member of the American Law Institute, [35] an Adviser to the ALI's Model Penal Code: Sexual Assault and Related Offenses Project, [36] and a Consultant to its Project on Sexual & Gender-Based Misconduct on Campus. [37] She is a former Policy Chair of the National Alliance to End Sexual Violence. [38]
In 2007, the Feminist Press gave Anderson the Susan Rosenberg Zalk Award. In 2011, Education Update newspaper gave her the Distinguished Leader in Education Award. [39] In 2013, the Center for Women in Government and Civil Society at the University of Albany gave her the Public Service Leadership Award. [40] In 2014, the New York City Bar Association gave her the Diversity & Inclusion Champion Award. [41] In 2016, City & State gave her an Above and Beyond Award for Women of Public and Civic Mind. In 2017, Brooklyn Legal Services gave her a Champion of Justice Award.
Title IX is a landmark federal civil rights law in the United States that was enacted as part of the Education Amendments of 1972. It prohibits sex-based discrimination in any school or any other education program that receives funding from the federal government. This is Public Law No. 92‑318, 86 Stat. 235, codified at 20 U.S.C. §§ 1681–1688.
Sexual assault is an act of sexual abuse in which one intentionally sexually touches another person without that person's consent, or coerces or physically forces a person to engage in a sexual act against their will. It is a form of sexual violence that includes child sexual abuse, groping, rape, drug facilitated sexual assault, and the torture of the person in a sexual manner.
Some victims of rape or other sexual violence incidents are male. Historically, rape was thought to be, and defined as, a crime committed solely against females. This belief is still held in some parts of the world, but rape of males is now commonly criminalized and has been subject to more discussion than in the past.
Sexual misconduct is misconduct of a sexual nature which exists on a spectrum that may include a broad range of sexual behaviors considered unwelcome. This includes conduct considered inappropriate on an individual or societal basis of morality, sexual harassment and/or criminal sexual assault.
Rape culture is a setting, as described by some sociological theories, in which rape is pervasive and normalized due to that setting's attitudes about gender and sexuality. Behaviors commonly associated with rape culture include victim blaming, slut-shaming, sexual objectification, trivializing rape, denial of widespread rape, refusing to acknowledge the harm caused by sexual violence, or some combination of these. It has been used to describe and explain behavior within social groups, including prison rape and in conflict areas where war rape is used as psychological warfare. Entire societies have been alleged to be rape cultures.
Date rape is a form of acquaintance rape and dating violence. The two phrases are often used interchangeably, but date rape specifically refers to a rape in which there has been some sort of romantic or potentially sexual relationship between the two parties. Acquaintance rape also includes rapes in which the victim and perpetrator have been in a non-romantic, non-sexual relationship, for example as co-workers or neighbors.
Rape by gender classifies types of rape by the sex and gender of both the rapist and the victim. This scope includes both rape and sexual assault more generally. Most research indicates that rape affects women disproportionately, with the majority of people convicted being men; however, since the broadening of the definition of rape in 2012 by the FBI, more attention is being given to male rape, including females raping males.
The anti-rape movement is a sociopolitical movement which is part of the movement seeking to combat violence against and the abuse of women.
Brenda V. Smith is a law professor at American University's Washington College of Law. She served on the National Prison Rape Elimination Commission.
Rape in the United States is defined by the United States Department of Justice as "Penetration, no matter how slight, of the vagina or anus with any body part or object, or oral penetration by a sex organ of another person, without the consent of the victim." While definitions and terminology of rape vary by jurisdiction in the United States, the FBI revised its definition to eliminate a requirement that the crime involve an element of force.
The City University of New York School of Law is a public law school in New York City. It was founded in 1983 as part of the City University of New York. CUNY School of Law was established as a public interest law school with a curriculum focused on integrating clinical teaching methods within traditional legal studies.
Campus sexual assault is the sexual assault, including rape, of a student while attending an institution of higher learning, such as a college or university. The victims of such assaults are more likely to be female, but any gender can be victimized. Estimates of sexual assault, which vary based on definitions and methodology, generally find that somewhere between 19–27% of college women and 6–8% of college men are sexually assaulted during their time in college.
Bernice Resnick Sandler was an American women's rights activist. She is best known for being instrumental in the creation of Title IX, a portion of the Education Amendments of 1972, in conjunction with representatives Edith Green and Patsy Mink and Senator Birch Bayh in the 1970s. She has been called "the Godmother of Title IX" by The New York Times. Sandler wrote extensively about sexual and peer harassment towards women on campus, coining the phrase "the chilly campus climate".
'Mary P. Koss is an American Regents' Professor at the Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health at the University of Arizona in Tucson, Arizona. She is a renowned expert in sexual violence research. She is best known for conducting the first national study on rape in the United States in 1987 and for developing the Sexual Experience Survey (SES), which remains widely used today to assess sexual aggression and victimization.
Sarah Deer is a Native American lawyer, and a professor of Women, Gender, and Sexuality studies and Public Affairs and Administration at the University of Kansas. She was a 2014 MacArthur fellow and has been inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame in 2019.
2014 was described as a watershed year for women's rights, by newspapers such as The Guardian. It was described as a year in which women's voices acquired greater legitimacy and authority. Time magazine said 2014 "may have been the best year for women since the dawn of time". However, The Huffington Post called it "a bad year for women, but a good year for feminism". San Francisco writer Rebecca Solnit argued that it was "a year of feminist insurrection against male violence" and a "lurch forward" in the history of feminism, and The Guardian said the "globalisation of protest" at violence against women was "groundbreaking", and that social media had enabled a "new version of feminist solidarity".
Janet Elizabeth Halley is an American legal scholar who is the Eli Goldston Professor of Law at Harvard Law School. Her work is influenced by critical legal studies, legal realism and postmodernism.
Rebecca Campbell is a professor of psychology at Michigan State University. She is known for her research pertaining to sexual assault and violence against women and children and the effects of treatment by law enforcement and medical staff on victims' psychological and physiological well-being. Campbell has been involved in criminal justice research on the investigation of Detroit's untested rape kits, wherein DNA evidence obtained in thousands of rape kits was left in storage and not analyzed. She has received numerous awards for her work including the Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues Louise Kidder Early Career Award (2000), the American Psychological Association (APA) Early Career Award for Distinguished Contributions to Psychology in the Public Interest (2008), the APA Division 27 Council on Educational Program's Excellent Educator Award (2015), and the U.S. Department of Justice Vision 21 Crime Victims Research Award (2015).
Terry M. McGovern is an American public health scholar. She is the Senior Associate Dean for Academic and Faculty Affairs at CUNY Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy in New York City. McGovern is also Professor of Health Policy and Management.
Wendy Murphy is a lawyer specializing in child abuse and interpersonal violence.
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