Saint Monan (fl. 6th century) [1] was a Christian missionary in Fife, probably a Gael. [2] Little is known of him. Monan is believed to have lived at a monastery at Pittenweem before leaving to take up residence in a small cave at Inverey. [1]
The only description of his life comes from the Brevarium Aberdonense, which was published in Edinburgh in 1509–1510. This account has numerous demonstrable errors, but it claims that St. Monan was a companion of Saint Adrian, who was with him on the Isle of May when he suffered martyrdom, and then went on to Inverey in Fife and set up a chapel. This chapel was rebuilt by David II of Scotland between 1329 and 1371, after he recovered from battle wounds thanks to the intercession of the saint. This place is the modern-day St Monans in Fife, Scotland.
Alban Butler follows the Aberdeen Breviary, making Monan a colleague of Adrian, and surviving the Viking attack in 874, only to be killed at Inverey. [3] Still other accounts have him martyred with Adrian on May.
William Forbes Skene rejects the account in the Aberdeen Breviary, and suggests that Monan is no other than the Bishop of Clonfert, Moinenn. Due to the devastation wrought by the Dane Thorgest, many Scots clerics left Ireland to find refuge with Kenneth MacAlpin, bringing Monan's relics with them. [4] Skene further notes that they share the same feast day, 1 March.
There was a chapel of the Culdees, dedicated to St. Monan at Portmoak, sometime before the mid-11th century. [5] The name derives from the Port of St Moak (an alternative name for St Monan), being a port on Loch Leven. [6]
William Forbes Skene WS FRSE FSA(Scot) DCL LLD, was a Scottish lawyer, historian and antiquary.
Pittenweem Priory was an Augustinian priory located in the village of Pittenweem, Fife, Scotland.
Beóán of Mortlach is the first of the three known Bishops of Mortlach. His name, which could also be written in non-Gaelic contexts as Beanus, Beoanus and Beyn, means "lively one". Walter Bower, following John of Fordun, tells us that the bishopric was founded by king Máel Coluim II of Scotland in the seventh year of his reign as thanks to God for victories over the Scandinavians, and tells us that "the first bishop was Beyn, a saintly man, worthy of the episcopal office, elevated to this see by the Lord Pope Benedict VIII at the king's request". The Aberdeen Registrum records a charter granted to Bishop Beóán by King Máel Coluim at Forfar, granting the bishop the churches and lands of Clova and the unidentified Dulmech. The Aberdeen Breviary commemorated "Bishop Beóán" as a saint on 26 October. Another Beóán, perhaps the one mentioned in the Life of St. Cathróe of Metz, was commemorated on 16 December, and the two were often confused.
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Macquarrie, Alan. "Monan" in Matthew, H.C.G. and Brian Harrison, eds. The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. vol. 38, 574–575. London: OUP, 2004