The Dolomites, also known as the Dolomite Mountains, Dolomite Alps or Dolomitic Alps, are a mountain range in northeastern Italy. They form part of the Southern Limestone Alps and extend from the River Adige in the west to the Piave Valley in the east. The northern and southern borders are defined by the Puster Valley and the Sugana Valley. The Dolomites are in the regions of Veneto, Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol and Friuli Venezia Giulia, covering an area shared between the provinces of Belluno, Vicenza, Verona, Trentino, South Tyrol, Udine and Pordenone.
Asiago is a minor township in the surrounding plateau region in the Province of Vicenza in the Veneto region of Northeastern Italy. It is near the border between the Veneto and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol regions in the foothills of the Alps, approximately equidistant (60 km) from Trento to the west and Vicenza to the south. The Asiago region is the origin of Asiago cheese. The town was the site of a major battle between Austrian and Italian forces on the Alpine Front of World War I. It is a major ski resort destination, and the site of the Astrophysical Observatory of Asiago, operated by the University of Padua.
The Province of Vicenza is a province in the Veneto region in northern Italy. Its capital city is Vicenza.
The 1st Army was a Royal Italian Army field army, in World War I, facing Austro-Hungarian and German forces, and in World War II, fighting on the North African front.
The Battle of Asiago(Battle of the Plateaux) or the Südtirol Offensive (in Italian: Battaglia degli Altipiani), nicknamed Strafexpedition ("Punitive expedition") by the Austro-Hungarian forces, was a major counteroffensive launched by the Austro-Hungarians on the territory of Vicentine Alps in the Italian Front on 15 May 1916, during World War I. It was an "unexpected" attack that took place near Asiago in the province of Vicenza (now in northeast Italy, then on the Italian side of the border between the Kingdom of Italy and Austria-Hungary) after the Fifth Battle of the Isonzo (March 1916).
The Mechanized Brigade "Granatieri di Sardegna" is a mechanized infantry brigade of the Italian Army, based in Rome and central Italy. The brigade fields one of the oldest regiments of the Army and is one of the guard regiments of the President of Italy. The name of the unit dates back to the Kingdom of Sardinia and not the eponymous Mediterranean island of Sardinia. The brigade is part of the Division "Acqui".
The Asiago War Memorial is a World War I memorial located in the town of Asiago in the Province of Vicenza in the Veneto region of northeast Italy. Surrounded by mountains that were the site of several World War I battles, the monument houses the remains of over 50,000 Italian and Austro-Hungarian soldiers and is a popular destination for travelers to the region. In Italian the memorial is typically called Sacrario Militare di Asiago or Sacrario Militare del Leiten. Leiten is the name of the hill on which the memorial sits.
The 6th Army was a field army of the Royal Italian Army which was formed in World War I and World War II.
Paolo Lioy was an Italian naturalist, redshirt patriot and politician.
Avezzano concentration camp was an Italian assembly and detention camp set up in 1916 in the Abruzzo city of the same name during World War I, immediately after the 1915 Marsica earthquake that almost completely destroyed it decimating the population. The detention camp was reserved to about 15,000 prisoners from the Austro-Hungarian army, mainly of Czech–Slovak, Polish, German, and Hungarian nationalities; Romanians, who were gathered in the Romanian Legion of Italy by the end of the conflict, had a garrison and a training camp in Avezzano. Mostly abandoned in 1920, a sector was reused in World War II to house British, Indian and New Zealand prisoners of war.
The Alpini are a specialised mountain warfare infantry corps of the Italian Army, which distinguished itself in World War I fighting in the Alps against Austro-Hungarian Kaiserjäger and the German Alpenkorps. The Alpini were supported by the Mountain Artillery, which both share the Cappello Alpino as identifying symbol. Below follow tables listing the regiments, battalions and groups, companies and batteries of the Alpini and Mountain Artillery active in World War I.
The 1st Regiment "Granatieri di Sardegna" is an active unit of the Italian Army based in Rome in Lazio. The regiment is part of the army's infantry arm's Granatieri (Grenadiers) speciality and assigned to the Mechanized Brigade "Granatieri di Sardegna". Formed in 1659 the regiment is the currently oldest active unit of the Italian Army and the most senior regiment in the Italian Army's infantry order of precedence. Together with its sister the regiment, the 2nd Regiment "Granatieri di Sardegna", the regiment is the guard regiment of Rome.
The 2nd Regiment "Granatieri di Sardegna" is an active unit of the Italian Army based in Spoleto in Umbria. The regiment is part of the army's infantry arm's Granatieri (Grenadiers) speciality and assigned to the Mechanized Brigade "Granatieri di Sardegna". Formed in 1744 the regiment is the second-most senior regiment in the Italian Army's infantry order of precedence. Together with its sister the regiment, the 1st Regiment "Granatieri di Sardegna", the regiment is the guard regiment of Rome.
Between the 1860s and the First World War the Kingdom of Italy built a number of fortifications along its border with Austria-Hungary. From 1859 the fortified border ran south from Switzerland to Lake Garda, between Italian Lombardy and Austrian South Tyrol. After 1866 it extended to include the border between South Tyrol and Veneto, from Lake Garda to the Carnic Alps. This frontier was difficult to defend, since Austria-Hungary held the higher ground, and an invasion would immediately threaten the industrial and agricultural heartlands of the Po valley. Between 1900 and 1910, Italy also built a series of fortifications along the defensive line of the Tagliamento to protect against an invasion from the northeast. The border with Switzerland was also fortified in what is known as the Cadorna Line.
Giuseppe Pennella (1864-1925) was an Italian Lieutenant General who was a highly decorated officer of the Royal Italian Army. During the First World War he held very high positions, commanding in succession: the "Grenadiers of Sardinia" Brigade, 35th Division, XI Army Corps, 2nd Army, 8th Army and the XII Army Corps. At the head of the 35th Division he operated in the Macedonian front, but was exonerated from command at the request of the French general Sarrail who was commander of the Armée d'Orient, as both had a strong disagreement over command.
Vittorio Camerana was an Italian general who commanded the III Army Corps of World War I. At the end of the war, he was promoted to General of the Army Corps and decorated with the Grand Officer Cross of the Military Order of Savoy.
Alberto Mannerini was an Italian general during World War II. After the war he served as Commander-General of the Carabinieri from 1950 to 1954.
Carlo Melotti was an Italian general during World War II.
Carlo Stuparich was an Italian writer, patriot and war hero. His one substantive work was published only posthumously, on the initiative of his elder brother, Giovanni "Giani" Stuparich (1891–1961), another notable author. Admirers believe that, had he lived for longer, Carlo would have been remembered as the more accomplished and more original writer of the two. On 30 May 1916 Carlo Stuparich and the platoon he led, having become cut-off near Fort Corbin in the aftermath of a general retreat order some days earlier from higher up the chain of command, found themselves surrounded, outnumbered and overwhelmingly outgunned by the Austrian army under the command of Field Marshal von Hötzendorf. After a failed counter-attack in which his platoon had been wiped out, Carlo Stuparich committed suicide to avoid capture by the enemy.
Monte Ermada, also known as Hermada is a hill on the Karst Plateau, near the border between the Italian provinces of Trieste and Gorizia. Most of it is located in the municipality of Duino-Aurisina, with its eastern appendages in Slovenian territory. It consists of a massif with several peaks: besides the main peak, which stands 323 meters above sea level, there are Jastreb, Goljak, Grižnik, Vrh Griže, Cocco/Na Kokem, Frščak, Ter, Gabrnjak, Dosso Petrinia/Veliki Škrnjak, Dosso Petrinia inferior/Mali Škrnjak, Lisičji Vrh and the isolated Castelliere di Ceroglie/Ostri Vrh. Small valleys, carsic swamps and sinkholes are located between the peaks. The small village of Cerovlje, a hamlet of Duino-Aurisina, is located at the foot of the Ermada.
