The Monthon Surat (Thai : มณฑลสุราษฎร์, originally named Monthon Chumphon มณฑลชุมพร) was an administrative subdivision of Thailand at the beginning of the 20th century. It covered the northeastern part of southern Thailand.
Monthon were administrative subdivisions of Thailand at the beginning of the 20th century. The Thai word monthon is a translation of the word mandala, in its sense of a type of political formation. The monthon were created as a part of the Thesaphiban bureaucratic administrative system, introduced by Prince Damrong Rajanubhab which, together with the monthon, established step-by-step today's present provinces (changwat), districts (amphoe), and communes (tambon) throughout Thailand. Each monthon was led by a royal commissioner called Thesaphiban (เทศาภิบาล), later renamed to Samuhathesaphiban (สมุหเทศาภิบาล). The system was officially adopted by the 1897 Local Administration Act, after some monthon had been established and administrative details were sorted out.
Thai, Central Thai, is the sole official and national language of Thailand and the first language of the Central Thai people and vast majority of Thai Chinese. It is a member of the Tai group of the Kra–Dai language family. Over half of Thai vocabulary is derived from or borrowed from Pali, Sanskrit, Mon and Old Khmer. It is a tonal and analytic language, similar to Chinese and Vietnamese.
Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and formerly known as Siam, is a country at the centre of the Southeast Asian Indochinese peninsula composed of 76 provinces. At 513,120 km2 (198,120 sq mi) and over 68 million people, Thailand is the world's 50th largest country by total area and the 21st-most-populous country. The capital and largest city is Bangkok, a special administrative area. Thailand is bordered to the north by Myanmar and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the west by the Andaman Sea and the southern extremity of Myanmar. Its maritime boundaries include Vietnam in the Gulf of Thailand to the southeast, and Indonesia and India on the Andaman Sea to the southwest. Although nominally a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy, the most recent coup in 2014 established a de facto military dictatorship.
The monthon was established in 1896, with its administration located in Chumphon, containing the provinces Chumphon, Chaiya, Kanchanadit, and Lang Suan. Kanchanadit was merged into Chaiya in 1899. In 1905 the monthon court was moved to the town Bandon. [1] When the province Chaiya was renamed Surat Thani in 1915, the monthon was also renamed Surat. [2] In 1926 it was incorporated into the Monthon Nakhon Si Thammarat. [3]
Chumphon is a town in southern Thailand, capital of the Chumphon Province and Mueang Chumphon District. The city is about 463 kilometers from Bangkok. As of 2005 it had a population of 33,522. The town covers the commune (tambon) Tha Taphao completely and parts of tambons Bang Mak, Wang Phai, Na Thung, Tak Daet, and Khun Krathing. Its main economic activity is agriculture.
Chumphon is a southern province (changwat) of Thailand on the Gulf of Thailand. Neighbouring provinces are Prachuap Khiri Khan, Surat Thani, and Ranong. To the west it borders the Burmese province of Tanintharyi.
The Monthon Nakhon Si Thammarat was an administrative subdivision of Thailand in the early 20th century. It included the eastern part of southern Thailand.
Surat Thani, often shortened to Surat, is the largest of the southern provinces (changwat) of Thailand. It lies on the western shore of the Gulf of Thailand. Surat Thani means "city of good people", a title given to the city by King Vajiravudh.
The national museums of Thailand are operated by the Fine Arts Department of the Ministry of Culture, and are responsible for the safeguarding of state-owned historical and cultural artefacts. In 1926 King Prajadhipok created the Royal Institute of Art, Literature and Archaeology, which then opened the museum in Bangkok at the Wang Na palace. Today there are 43 national museum branches operated across the country.
Kanchanadit is a district (amphoe) in Surat Thani Province, south Thailand.
Don Sak is a district (amphoe) in eastern Surat Thani Province. The two principal ferry companies offering service to Samui Island leave from piers in the district.
Mueang Surat Thani, formerly named the Ban Don District, is the capital district of Surat Thani Province in southern Thailand.
Chaiya railway station is a first class and main railway station in northern Surat Thani Province, Thailand. It on the State Railway of Thailand (SRT) Southern railway line at km597.751 in Talad Chaiya Town, Chaiya District. It has two tracks in its rail yard, two platforms and has no siding for freight trains.
Tha Chana is a district (amphoe) in the north of Surat Thani Province of southern Thailand.
Boriwen were subdivisions of three of the larger Thai monthon. Several mueang were grouped together into one boriwen. In 1908 the boriwen were renamed to changwat, which became the name of provinces countrywide in 1916.
Phraseang is a district (amphoe) of Surat Thani Province, Thailand.
Khiri Rat Nikhom is a district (amphoe) in the west of Surat Thani Province of southern Thailand.
Ban Na San is a district (amphoe) of Surat Thani Province, Thailand.
Sikhiu is a district (amphoe) in the western part of Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand.
Thanyaburi is a district (amphoe) in Pathum Thani Province. It is the home district of the Bangkok Glass F.C. and the amusement park Dream World.
Route 41 starts at intersection with Route 4 in Chumphon Province. It goes southward passing through Surat Thani Province and Nakhon Si Thammarat Province. It ends at Phatthalung Province joining Route 4 again.
Lang Suan is a district (amphoe) of Chumphon Province, southern Thailand.
Nopphitam is a district (amphoe) of Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, southern Thailand.
Mueang Mukdahan is the capital district of Mukdahan Province, northeastern Thailand.
Si Songkhram is a district (amphoe) in Nakhon Phanom Province in northeast Thailand.
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