Movement for Defence of the Land Moviment de Defensa de la Terra | |
---|---|
Founded | 1984 [1] 1998 [2] |
Dissolved | 2014 [3] |
Merger of | PSAN IPC PCV |
Succeeded by | Poble Lliure |
Headquarters | Barcelona |
Youth wing | Maulets |
Ideology | Socialism Catalan independence Anti-capitalism |
The Movement for the Defence of the Land (Catalan: Moviment de Defensa de la Terra, MDT) was the united front of the socialist independence organisations of the Catalan Countries; specifically the Socialist Party of National Liberation (PSAN), Independentists of the Catalan Countries (IPC). [4] In 1986 the movement split in two sectors: the MDT-PSAN and the MDT-IPC. In 1991 the Communist Party of the Valencians (PCV) joined the MDT. The MDT dissolved itself in 2014, and formed a new party: Poble Lliure. [5]
Terra Lliure, sometimes referred to as TLL, was a Catalan nationalist far-left Marxist-Leninist paramilitary group. Formed in 1978, the group carried out hundreds of attacks that left many people injured and five dead.
The Estelada is a flag flown by Catalan independence supporters to express their support for an independent Catalonia or independent Països Catalans. The design of the Estelada comprises the red-and-yellow bars of the Senyera, with the addition of a five-pointed star in a triangle at the hoist.
The politics of Catalonia takes place within the framework of its Statute of Autonomy, which grants a degree of self-government to Catalonia and establish it as an autonomous community of Spain with the status of a nationality, operating as a parliamentary democracy. The Generalitat de Catalunya is the Catalan institution of self-government, which includes the Parliament of Catalonia, the President and the Executive Council. The Parliament of Catalonia is one of the oldest in the world.
The Valencian Nationalist Bloc was a Valencian nationalist party in the Valencian Country, Spain. It was the largest party in the Coalició Compromís until 2021, when it was replaced in a refoundation process by Més–Compromís.
Marxist Unification Movement was a political group in Catalonia, Spain. MUM was founded in 1977, during the Spanish transition to democracy, by a group that had left the Socialist Party of National Liberation of the Catalan Countries (PSAN) in 1976 and the Col·lectiu Combat, a splinter group of the Catalan National Front (FNC).
Catalan Workers' Left was a political party in Northern Catalonia, France. ECT was formed in 1972, with its main base in Perpignan.
Independentists of the Catalan Countries was an independentist political party in the Catalan Countries. IPC was formed on 3 March 1979 through the merger of the Socialist Party of National Liberation - Provisional (PSAN-p) from the Catalan regions in Spain and the Socialist Organisation of National Liberation (OSAN) from the Catalan region of France. IPC published Lluita.
La Forja - Jovent Revolucionari is a left-wing Catalan independence youth organization that is active in all the Catalan Countries. La Forja is part of the Popular Unity Candidacy–Constituent Call (CUP-CC) coalition and has very close ties with the political party Poble Lliure.
The Socialist Party of National Liberation was an independentist and communist party active in Catalonia. The PSAN was created in 1968 following a split in the more leftist sector of the National Front of Catalonia. Initially it was only present the Catalonia, but later also gained presence in the french region of Roussillon, the Valencian Community and the Balearic Islands. The party was illegal and clandestine until 1978, when all parties were fully legalised, after the Franco Dictatorship.
Poble Lliure is a Catalan socialist and pro independence political organisation, which is part of the Pro Independence Catalan Left. Poble Lliure was founded in November 2014 from historical militants of the Movement for Defence of the Land (MDT) and independents linked to social movements. Poble Lliure supports the Front Republicà, the Candidatura d'Unitat Popular and the Assemblea Nacional Catalana (ANC).
Left Nationalists was a Catalan socialist and independentist political organization founded in 1979 from historical militants of the Socialist Party of National Liberation (PSAN), National Front of Catalonia, Catalan Communist Collective and independents linked to social movements. Its structure was based in local assemblies, and claimed the right to self-determination of Catalonia within a confederal Catalan Countries. NE also defined itself as national-popular and socialist. The party attracted activist from social movements, specially environmentalists, feminists, gays, youth, etc. The most representative were Jordi Carbonell, Josep Maria Espinàs, Magda Oranich, Avel·lí Artís i Gener and Armand de Fluvià. NE disbanded in 1984.
Socialist Party of National Liberation - Provisional (in Catalan: Partit Socialista d'Alliberament Nacional - Provisional, PSAN-P. PSANp or PSAN (p)) was a pro-Catalan independence political party in the Catalan Countries. The PSAN-P was formed in 1974, as a split of the Socialist Party of National Liberation (PSAN). The main leaders of the party were Carles Castellanos, Eva Serra i Puig and Agustí Alcoberro.
Catalunya Lliure was an independentist organisation active between 1995 and 2000. Catalunya Lliure was created as a coalition between the PSAN, the National Front of Catalonia (FNC), Maulets and the MDT-Patriotic Front. 8
Left Bloc for National Liberation was a coalition and, later, political party in Catalonia and Valencia, Spain. BEAN was an independentist and socialist party, that defended a Socialist Federal Republic of the Catalan Countries.
Republican Front was a Catalan left-wing and republicanist electoral alliance formed for the April 2019 Spanish general election by Free People, We Are Alternative and Pirates of Catalonia and the support of La Forja.
Som Alternativa is a political movement in Catalonia founded by former Podemos/Podem regional leader Albano Dante Fachin as a political platform in November 2017. It was registered as a party on 25 February 2019. The party contested the April 2019 Spanish general election within the Republican Front alliance with Poble Lliure and Pirates of Catalonia.
Albert Botran i Pahissa is a Spanish historian and politician from Catalonia and a former member of the Congress of Deputies of Spain. He was previously a member of the Parliament of Catalonia.
Mireia Vehí i Cantenys is a Spanish sociologist and politician from Catalonia, who served as Member of the Congress of Deputies of Spain. She was previously a member of the Parliament of Catalonia.
Carles Castellanos i Llorenç is a writer, translator, and political activist of the Catalan independence movement. He holds a PhD in Translation from the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, has been director of the Department of Translation and Interpreting of this University, and is currently a professor of doctoral studies in this Department. He is a member of the Catalan National Assembly and was vice-president from 2012 to 2013, as well as a member of Poble Lliure and the Popular Unity Candidacy of Barcelona.
Socialist Organisation of National Liberation was a pro-Catalan independence radical socialist political party in the Catalan Countries. OSAN was formed by Pere Iu Baron i Xixell and his affiliates who split from Catalan Workers' Left in 1977. The party was located in Northern Catalonia and maintained close relations with Catalan separatist organizations as well as Galician and Basque ones, specifically the Galician People's Union and Herri Batasuna.