Terra Lliure, sometimes referred to as TLL, was a Catalan nationalist far-left Marxist-Leninist paramilitary group. Formed in 1978, the group carried out hundreds of attacks that left many people injured and five dead.
The Catalan independence movement is a social and political movement which seeks the independence of Catalonia from Spain.
The politics of Catalonia takes place within the framework of its Statute of Autonomy, which grants a degree of self-government to Catalonia and establish it as an autonomous community of Spain with the status of a nationality, operating as a parliamentary democracy. The Generalitat de Catalunya is the Catalan institution of self-government, which includes the Parliament of Catalonia, the President and the Executive Council. The Parliament of Catalonia is one of the oldest in the world.
The Popular Unity Candidacy is a left-wing to far-left pro-Catalan independence political party active primarily in Catalonia, where it has political representation, but also in other autonomous communities in Spain it considers to be part of the Catalan Countries. The CUP traditionally has focused on municipal politics, and is made up of a series of autonomous candidatures that run in local elections. Its presence is strongest within the borders of Catalonia.
Maulets was a youth political organization that belongs to the Catalan left-wing independence movement.
La Forja - Jovent Revolucionari is a left-wing Catalan independence youth organization that is active in all the Catalan Countries. La Forja is part of the Popular Unity Candidacy–Constituent Call (CUP-CC) coalition and has very close ties with the political party Poble Lliure.
The Free Catalan Territory are those declared municipalities or regions of Catalonia that had approved a motion in a plenary session by the councillors of the town or the region council, as they represent the municipality's local authority. Such motions declare that Spanish laws and regulations are considered provisional, waiting for the Government and Parliament of Catalonia to enact new Catalan laws after having assumed national sovereignty, and therefore turning Catalonia into an independent state.
The Free Way to the Catalan Republic, or Free Way, was a large gathering in Barcelona on 11 September 2015, the National Day of Catalonia, in support of Catalan independence. It was organized by "Now is the Time", a joint campaign organized and funded by the Assemblea Nacional Catalana (ANC) and Òmnium Cultural. The number of participants was estimated at 1.8 million according to Barcelona's Municipal Police.
The Movement for the Defence of the Land was the united front of the socialist independence organisations of the Catalan Countries; specifically the Socialist Party of National Liberation (PSAN), Independentists of the Catalan Countries (IPC). In 1986 the movement split in two sectors: the MDT-PSAN and the MDT-IPC. In 1991 the Communist Party of the Valencians (PCV) joined the MDT. The MDT dissolved itself in 2014, and formed a new party: Poble Lliure.
Antoni Comín i Oliveres is a Catalan intellectual and politician from Spain. He is currently the executive vice-president of the Council for the Republic and has been an MEP since July 2019. He is the fourth child of the politician and intellectual Alfonso Carlos Comín i Ros and Maria Lluïsa Oliveres i Sanvicens, whose other children are Maria, Pere and Betona. He is the partner of the stage designer Sergi Corbera, and they have a daughter called Laia.
Francesc Freixas i Morros is a Catalan singer-songwriter. Freixas has released a sampler, seven albums, and a series of covers of international singer-songwriters as a contribution to the revitalization of the Protest song in the Catalan-speaking countries.
Operation Garzón was a police operation which saw the arrest of 45 Catalan pro-independence individuals and the search of the headquarters of Catalan newspapers and pro-independence organizations in 1992, prior to the 1992 Summer Olympics held in Barcelona, Catalonia's capital city. Over 30 people were arrested between 29 June and 14 July 1992, including two journalists, the mayor of Ribera d'Urgellet and activists in the Catalan independence movement, and more were arrested some days later. The arrested were claimed to be members of the armed Catalan pro-independence organisation Terra Lliure, often with no real proof besides their involvement in the pro-independence movement. Even though Terra Lliure had already announced its dissolution the previous year, the Operation was carried out under the official reason of preventing a possible attack during the 1992 Summer Olympics. However, those who were arrested believe it was done to scare Catalan independentists from using the widely followed event as a platform for their political movement. The operation is named after the Spanish judge Baltasar Garzón, who was its main director.
Mireia Boya Busquet is a Catalan scientist, activist, and politician from Spain. She is a councilor of the Aran municipality of Les. Since February 2018 she has been part of the national secretariat of the Popular Unity Candidacy (CUP). She was a member of the Catalan Parliament from 2016 to 2017.
Republican Front was a Catalan left-wing and republicanist electoral alliance formed for the April 2019 Spanish general election by Free People, We Are Alternative and Pirates of Catalonia and the support of La Forja.
Som Alternativa is a political movement in Catalonia founded by former Podemos/Podem regional leader Albano Dante Fachin as a political platform in November 2017. It was registered as a party on 25 February 2019. The party contested the April 2019 Spanish general election within the Republican Front alliance with Poble Lliure and Pirates of Catalonia.
Albert Botran i Pahissa is a Spanish historian and politician from Catalonia and a former member of the Congress of Deputies of Spain. He was previously a member of the Parliament of Catalonia.
Mireia Vehí i Cantenys is a Spanish sociologist and politician from Catalonia, who served as Member of the Congress of Deputies of Spain. She was previously a member of the Parliament of Catalonia.
Free was a Catalan political party founded in October 2016 and registered in December by former members of Democratic Convergence of Catalonia (CDC) and Democratic Union of Catalonia (UDC), including former CDC regional minister in Jordi Pujol's sixth government Antoni Fernández Teixidó as well as former UDC deputy Roger Montañola. It defined itself as a liberal and Catalanist party opposed to Catalan independence, and since its inception it struggled to form a unitary Catalanist electoral alliance mirroring the political platform of the late Convergence and Union.
Democratic League is a Catalan political party founded in August 2019 by Astrid Barrio and former president of Catalan Civil Society Josep Ramon Bosch, aiming to lead the space of the "centre-right, moderate Catalanism" but pushing for political dialogue, agreement and good government and "with full respect to the Constitution". The party was officially registered in the interior ministry on 13 December 2019. In July 2020, former Democratic Convergence of Catalonia (CDC) deputy and Convergents (CNV) member Sílvia Requena became its new secretary-general.
Socialist Organisation of National Liberation was a pro-Catalan independence radical socialist political party in the Catalan Countries. OSAN was formed by Pere Iu Baron i Xixell and his affiliates who split from Catalan Workers' Left in 1977. The party was located in Northern Catalonia and maintained close relations with Catalan separatist organizations as well as Galician and Basque ones, specifically the Galician People's Union and Herri Batasuna.
