Mukim is a level in the division of regions based on the power of feudal uleebalang. This system has been implemented since the time of the Aceh Sultanate. Mukim is considered as a legal community unit under the kecamatan (district) which consists of a combination of several gampong (village) which have certain territorial boundaries led by imam mukim and are located directly under district head. [1]
Mukim comes from Arabic, and is defined as a district that has one mosque that is used together for Friday prayer.
According to the KBBI, mukim can mean a person who remains in Mecca, permanent resident; residence; area (within the premises of a Mosque); area. [2]
After the Memorandum of Understanding (Helsinki MoU) between the Government of the Republic of Indonesia and the Free Aceh Movement signed on 15 August 2005, mukim is used again in the structure of the Aceh Provincial Government. [3] The Mukim leader is called imam mukim and is elected by mukim deliberation.
Voters who have the right to choose mukim are: [4]
A mukim is made up of at least four gampong. Each mukim is led by an uleebalang, or an imeum or imam. Several mukim form a nanggroë which is led by an uleebalang.
In the former Aceh Sultanate, in Aceh Besar and its surroundings, a federation of mukims was formed called sagoë mukim or sagi mukim. This federation is also called Aceh Lhèë Sagoë. Mukim Sagoë is led by a Panglima Sagoë or Panglima Sagi.
The three Sagoë Mukim are:
Sagi XXV Mukim and Sagi XXVI Mukim are separated by the Krueng Aceh. Sagi XXV Mukim is on the left and is centered on the Indrapurwa Mosque in Peukan Bada. [5] Sagi XXVI Mukim on the right and centered on the mosque in Ladong. Sagi XXII Mukim controlled the area in the southern part and was centered at the mosque in Indrapuri. [6]
During the time Taj ul-Alam led, [7] Abd al-Rauf al-Fansuri proposed a concept of reform state administration of the Aceh Sultanate to overhaul the system of inheritance of the position of sultan. Because there was an incident where Aceh was once led by an incompetent sultan (men) or sultanah (women), which gave rise to conflicts. This concept regulates various things, one of which is the division of power in the Greater Aceh Region into three sagi, known as Aceh Lhèè Sagoë.
In this conception, Abd al-Rauf stipulated that the three leaders of sagi (sagoë) together with Qadhi Malikul Adil had the right to appoint and remove the sultan from his position. Meanwhile, areas outside Aceh Lhèè Sagoë were given extensive autonomy rights, where the regional heads acted as small sultans who were subject to the Sultan of Aceh.