Murray Last

Last updated
Professor
Murray Last
Academic background
Education Doctor of Philosophy
Masters in Chinese and African history
Alma mater University of Ibadan
Yale University
Thesis The Sokoto Caliphate (1964)
Doctoral advisor H. F. C. Smith
John Hunwick

Murray Last is a historian and a medical anthropologist who primarily focuses on Northern-Nigeria. He is currently a Professor Emeritus in the Department of Anthropology, University College London. [1] He obtained his PhD from the University of Ibadan in 1964, becoming one of the first to receive a PhD from a Nigerian university. [2] [3] He was presented the doctorate degree by Nnamdi Azikiwe, the then President of Nigeria during the First Nigerian Republic. [4]

Professor Last was best known as the foremost scholar of the Sokoto Caliphate. He first went to Sokoto in 1961 to study the ancient manuscripts in the libraries in headquarters of the defunct Caliphate founded by Sheikh Usman Danfodio. He was mentored and taught by the tenth Grand Vizier of Sokoto, Waziri Junaidu, who was a great scholar and poet. Under the Waziri, Murray Last became the first white man to gain full access to the long scholarly heritage of that intriguing era. [5] [6] It was the great historian, H. F. C. Smith, who suggested to Last to study the Viziers of Sokoto. [5] [3]

Until 1964, Usman dan Fodio's caliphate, Africa's largest pre-colonial state, was known as the Fulani Empire in the English-speaking world and in the French-speaking world called it l'empire peul. The decision to re-label the state was made by Nigerian historians, scholars and other intellectuals of the time as they felt it needed "a properly Islamic term for a properly Islamic state". However, the re-labeling was never official. It was Murray Last who chose "The Sokoto Caliphate" as the title of his history of the state and from then on Sokoto Caliphate became universally used. [7]

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Dr. Waziri Junaidu was a Nigerian historian, writer and one of the foremost scholars on Fulani history and the Sokoto Caliphate. He held the title of the Waziri of Sokoto.

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Ali Jedo, was the first Amir al-jaish al-Islam of the Sokoto Caliphate. Prior to the jihad, he was the leader of the Fulbe of Konni in modern-day Sokoto State.

Abd al-Qadir dan Tafa, also known as Dan Tafa, was a historian, theologian, philosopher, poet and jurist from the Sokoto caliphate. He was considered the "most learned" scholar of his time. He was a prolific scholar who delved into various fields of knowledge, but he was particularly renowned for his historical and philosophical writings.

Muhammad Bukhari bin Uthman was an Islamic scholar and a noted poet who was the first Emir of Tambawel. Bukhari was an important military commander who participated and led several military campaigns during the jihad of Usman dan Fodio.

Bawa Jan Gwarzo was the ruler of the Hausa kingdom of Gobir from 1777 to 1795. He is remembered for his successful military exploits, particularly the continuation of the expansionist policies of his father, Sarkin Gobir Babari, making Gobir a formidable power in the region. His reign also saw the rise of Usman dan Fodio and his reformist movement.

References

  1. ↑ "Why every Nigerian should be proud of the Sokoto Caliphate — Prof Murray Last". www.premiumtimesng.com. Retrieved 2023-04-09.
  2. ↑ Kane, Ousmane (2016-04-21). "Arabic sources and the search for a new historiography in ibadan in the 1960s". Africa: The Journal of the International African Institute. 86 (2): 344–346. ISSN   1750-0184.
  3. 1 2 Ibrahim, Abubakar Adam (5 April 2015). "Prof Murray Last romance with Nigeria". Daily Trust.
  4. ↑ "Why "The Sokoto Caliphate" remains relevant today". www.premiumtimesng.com. Retrieved 2023-04-09.
  5. 1 2 Last, Murray (1967). The Sokoto Caliphate. Internet Archive. [New York] Humanities Press.
  6. ↑ Haushi!, Bahaushe Mai Ban (2008-01-16). "Bahaushe Mai Ban Haushi!: The Murray Last Interview". Bahaushe Mai Ban Haushi!. Retrieved 2023-04-15.
  7. ↑ Last, Murray (1967). The Sokoto Caliphate. Internet Archive. [New York] Humanities Press. pp. Foreword.
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