The Mustafa Letter (Norwegian : Mustafa-brevet) was a controversial letter that the leader of the Progress Party, Carl I. Hagen, used in the electoral campaign for the 1987 Norwegian local elections. The letter was signed Mohammad Mustafa, a Muslim immigrant to Norway, but the media soon proved the letter to be false. The letter became controversial, both in the manner it was used by Hagen, and the claim of it being a fraud.
At the end of the 1987 electoral campaign, on 7 September at a congress in Rørvik, Hagen read from the letter. According to the media, Hagen started off by stating that "the asylum seekers are on their way to take over our fatherland". Thereafter, he read the entire letter, which claimed that Muslims would make Norway "Muslim", and that churches were to be replaced by mosques. Mustafa declared himself as a faithful Muslim, and claimed that the Muslims in Norway were great in numbers, and gave birth to more children than the Norwegians.
The letter was dated 8 July 1987, and read as follows: [1]
To Carl I Hagen, Stortinget. From Mohammad Mustafa, underhaugsv. 15, 0354, Oslo 2
Allah is Allah, and Muhammad is his prophet! You struggle in vain Mr. Hagen! Islam, the only true faith, will gain victory here in Norway too. One day, mosques will be as common in Norway as churches are today, and my great-grandchildren will experience this. I know, and all Muslims in Norway know, that the population of Norway will come to the faith, and that this country will be Muslim! We give birth to more children than you, and several true-believing Muslims arrive in Norway every year, men in productive age. One day the infidel cross in the flag shall also go away!
The tabloid newspaper Verdens Gang soon claimed they could prove that the letter was false. Since the letter was signed with full name and address, the newspaper were able to contact Mohammad Mustafa to investigate the matter. Mustafa denied having sent the letter, and also pointed out that he hadn't lived in the address mentioned in the letter for over a year. Mustafa reportedly expressed that he felt exploited by Carl I. Hagen, and that he considered legal steps. In late 1987, he filed suit against Hagen, with Tor Erling Staff as his lawyer. Staff demanded, on behalf of his client, compensation from Hagen and the Progress Party for 500,000 NOK. Staff claimed that Hagen knew the letter was false when he used it in the electoral campaign. [2] Hagen himself however claimed that he didn't even know that any journalists were present at what was an internal party convention, and that it wasn't a deliberate stunt for the electoral campaign. [3] The case went to the Oslo City Court in November 1988, and resulted in a settlement between the two parties. [4] [5]
The Progress Party almost doubled its share of the votes for the 1987 local election, compared to the local election in 1983. [6] The nature of the letter has later been seen to have pioneered European anti-Islam rhetoric, which did not become more widespread until many years later. [7]
The Progress Party, is a political party in Norway. It is generally positioned to the right of the Conservative Party, and is considered the most right-wing party to be represented in parliament. The FrP has traditionally self-identified as classical-liberal and as a libertarian party. It is often described as right-wing populist, which has been disputed in public discourse. By 2020, the party attained a growing national conservative faction. After the 2017 parliamentary election, it was Norway's third largest political party, with 26 representatives in the Storting. It was a partner in the government coalition led by the Conservative Party from 2013 to 2020.
Carl Ivar Hagen is a Norwegian politician and former Vice President of the Storting, the Norwegian parliament. He was the leader of the Progress Party from 1978 to 2006, when he stepped down in favour of Siv Jensen. Under his leadership, he was the undisputed leader and, in many ways, personally controlled its ideology and policies.
Jan Simonsen was a Norwegian politician, writer and journalist. He was a member of parliament from 1989 to 2005, and a member of the Progress Party until he was expelled from the party in 2001. He was the deputy leader of the Democrats party from 2003 to 2004. Since his parliamentary term ended, he largely withdrew from party politics to focus on his writing and journalism. He was a staunch supporter of Israel, and wrote the blog Frie Ytringer which focused on the Islamisation of Europe.
Abid Qayyum Raja is a Norwegian lawyer and Liberal Party politician who served as Minister of Culture from 2020 to 2021. He was elected to the Storting as representative for Akershus in 2013 where he served as second deputy chair of the Standing Committee on Transport and Communications and also is a member of the Standing Committee on Scrutiny and Constitutional Affairs. In October 2017, Raja was elected as the vice-president of the Storting, the second time in Norway's history that a Muslim has been elected to that office.
Per Sandberg is a Norwegian politician for the Capitalist Party and formerly the Progress Party who served as the Norwegian Minister of Fisheries from 2015 to 2018. Sandberg was a member of the Norwegian parliament from 1997 to 2017, and served as chair of the parliamentary standing committees on Justice, and Transport and Communications. He has additionally held the position of first deputy leader of the Progress Party from 2006 to 2018. In 1997 he was convicted of assault and battery of an asylum seeker. His status as a convicted felon has made him controversial in Norwegian politics.
Vidar Sveinung Kleppe is a Norwegian politician. He was a member of parliament and deputy leader of the Progress Party until he was suspended and left the party in 2001. He was the founder and leader of the Democrats party from 2002 to 2012, and has since 2003 held public office as a member of the Vest-Agder county council and the Kristiansand municipal council.
Siv Jensen is a Norwegian politician who served as the leader of the Progress Party from 2006 to 2021. She also held the position as Minister of Finance from 2013 to 2020 in the Solberg Cabinet. She was also a member of the Norwegian parliament from Oslo from 1997 to 2021.
Christian Tybring-Gjedde is a Norwegian politician who represented the Progress Party until 2024. He has been a member of the Norwegian parliament since 2005, and was the leader of the Progress Party's Oslo chapter from 2010 to 2014.
Pål Atle Skjervengen is a retired Norwegian politician.
Tor Mikkel Wara is a Norwegian politician from the Progress Party, who has served as Justice and Immigration Minister from 2018 to 2019 after the resignation of Sylvi Listhaug.
Per-Willy Trudvang Amundsen is a Norwegian politician for the Progress Party who served as Minister of Justice from December 2016 to January 2018. He previously served as state secretary in the Ministry of Local Government and Regional Development from 2013, and represented Troms in the Norwegian parliament from 2005 until 2013. He was re-elected in 2017.
Parliamentary elections were held in Norway on 13 and 14 September 2009. Elections in Norway are held on a Monday in September, usually the second or third Monday, as determined by the king. Early voting was possible between 10 August and 11 September 2009, while some municipalities also held open voting on 13 September. Voters elected 169 members for the Storting, each for a four-year term. Voter turn-out in the 2009 general elections was 76.4%.
On 29 December 2008, a large-scale series of riots broke out across Oslo, Norway, two days after Israel initiated "Operation Cast Lead" against Palestinian militants in the Gaza Strip. Stemming from ongoing pro-Palestinian protests in the city, the initial riots took place outside of the Embassy of Israel and continued for almost two weeks. The most violent and destructive riots took place on 8 and 10 January, when hundreds or thousands of demonstrators spread throughout Oslo and attacked public and private property as well as civilians: the rioters mainly targeted Jews and people suspected of being Jewish, but also attacked people affiliated with the LGBT community and known and suspected pro-Israel activists. Additionally, violent clashes between the demonstrators and Norwegian police officers led to hundreds of injuries. Between 29 December and 10 January, the Oslo Police had arrested around 200 people, mostly Muslims, of whom a significant number were registered asylum seekers. The rioters had been supported by left-wing activists of Blitz.
Mette Hanekamhaug is a Norwegian politician for the Progress Party. In the 2009 parliamentary election, she was the youngest person to be elected to the Norwegian Parliament (Stortinget). Hanekamhaug represents the county of Møre og Romsdal.
Stop Islamisation of Norway is a Norwegian anti-Muslim group that was originally established in 2000. Its stated aim is to work against Islam, which it defines as a totalitarian political ideology that violates the Norwegian Constitution as well as democratic and human values. The organisation was formerly led by Arne Tumyr, and is now led by Lars Thorsen.
The Socialist Left Party of Norway was founded in 1975. Its history shows a long-term rise in political influence, resulting in part from its emergence from older left-wing parties, especially the Socialist People's Party. After initial political setbacks in the 1970s, the party reorganized and regained support, particularly under Theo Koritzinsky (1983–87) and Erik Solheim (1987–97). Support dropped in the 1997 parliamentary election but rose again by the 21st Century, thanks to the party's position as the only sizeable party to the left of the Norwegian Labour Party. Labour's move further to the right under Jens Stoltenberg also helped the party's rise. By 2005, the Socialist Left Party had joined the Labour and Centre parties in Norway's governing Red-Green Coalition. The party has been led by Audun Lysbakken since 11 March 2012.
The 1994 national convention of the Progress Party of Norway was held from 15 April to 17 April at the hotel Bolkesjø Turisthotell in Bolkesjø, Telemark. It was originally set up to be a normal convention with 157 delegates in a non-election year, but because of mounting antagonism between a traditionalist and a libertarian faction, it became clear some months before the conventions that personal positions could be at stake. The party leader seat, held by Carl I. Hagen since 1978, was up for re-election. The deputy leaders Ellen Wibe and Hans J. Røsjorde was not up for election until 1995, but there were talks about forming a motion of no confidence against Wibe. The political disagreements roughly corresponded to a cleavage between two factions.
Liv Løberg is a Norwegian practical nurse, a former politician for the Progress Party and a convicted felon. Her name came to mass media attention in Norway in June 2010 when it was revealed that she had forged her CV, this being accentuated by the fact that she was an office manager working at the Norwegian Registration Authority for Health Personnel (SAFH). On 24 April 2012, she was convicted of fraud and sentenced to 14 months in prison.
Mohyeldeen Mohammad is an Iraqi-Norwegian Islamist, and political activist associated with the fundamentalist Profetens Ummah group. He became a controversial figure in Norway after stating that the country is at war with Muslims and warning the Norwegian people with an 11 September happening on Norwegian soil. Since then, his media profile has risen following a series of statements regarding Norway, homosexuality and Islamism. He was formerly a Sharia student at the Islamic University of Madinah in Saudi Arabia, until he was deported from the country in 2011.
Ahmadiyya is a religious community in Norway, under the spiritual leadership of the caliph in London. In the history of the Community it is stated that two Norwegian women converted in the 1920s. However, it was not until 1957, during the era of the Second Caliphate, when Kamal Yousuf, then a missionary in Sweden, moved to Oslo to establish the first Ahmadiyya mission in the country. Today, there are a number of mosques, including the largest mosque in Scandinavia, the Baitun Nasr Mosque, representing an estimated 1700 Ahmadi in the country.