Kahlan was one of the main tribal confederations of Saba' in Ancient Yemen. They are descended from Kahlan bin Saba bin Yishjab bin Yarub bin Qahtan.
The Ghassanids, also known as the Jafnids, were an Arab tribe. Originally from South Arabia, they migrated to the Levant in the 3rd century and established what would eventually become a Christian kingdom under the aegis of the Byzantine Empire, as their society merged with local Chalcedonian Christianity and was largely Hellenized. However, some of the Ghassanids may have already adhered to Christianity before they emigrated from South Arabia to escape religious persecution.
Qahtanite refers to Arabs who originate from modern-day Yemen. The term "Qahtan" is mentioned in multiple ancient Arabian inscriptions found in Yemen. Arab traditions believe that they are the original Arabs.
Himyar was a polity in the southern highlands of Yemen, as well as the name of the region which it claimed. Until 110 BCE, it was integrated into the Qatabanian kingdom, afterwards being recognized as an independent kingdom. According to classical sources, their capital was the ancient city of Zafar, relatively near the modern-day city of Sana'a. Himyarite power eventually shifted to Sana'a as the population increased in the fifth century. After the establishment of their kingdom, it was ruled by kings from dhū-Raydān tribe. The kingdom was named Raydān.
The Azd, or Al-Azd, is an ancient Arabian tribe. The lands of Azd occupied an area west of Bisha and Al Bahah in what is today Saudi Arabia.
The Banū Aws or simply Aws was one of the main Arab tribes of Medina. The other was Khazraj, and the two, constituted the Ansar after the Hijra.
The ancient history ofYemen or South Arabia is especially important because it is one of the oldest centers of civilization in the Near East. Its relatively fertile land and adequate rainfall in a moister climate helped sustain a stable population, a feature recognized by the ancient Greek geographer Ptolemy, who described Yemen as Eudaimon Arabia meaning Fortunate Arabia or Happy Arabia. Between the eighth century BCE and the sixth century CE, it was dominated by six main states which rivaled each other, or were allied with each other and controlled the lucrative spice trade: Saba', Ma'īn, Qatabān, Hadhramaut, Kingdom of Awsan, and the Himyarite Kingdom. Islam arrived in 630 CE and Yemen became part of the Muslim realm.
Shammar Yahr'ish al-Himyari, full name Shammar Yahr'ish ibn Yasir Yuha'nim al-Manou was a Himyarite king. He was the first to have the title “King of Saba', Dhu Raydan, Hadramawt and Yamnat” and he united most of Yemen during his rule.
Bariq is a tribe from Bareq in south-west Saudi Arabia. It belongs to the ancient Al-Azd tribe which has many clans linked to it. As far as ancestry goes, Aws, Khazraj, Ghassān and Banu Khuza'a, and others all belong to Al-Azd. They were one of the tribes of Arabia during Muhammad's era.
Mu'aqqir or Amr Ibn Aws b. Himar al-Bariqi , a knight and the leader of the Bariq tribe which was in Bariq Of Azd Yemen and was famous for its glory, He is considered one of the greatest writers of Arabic poetry in pre-Islamic (Jahiliyyah) times.
An-Nu'man ibn Humaydah al-Bariqi was a philosopher in Classical Arab. In addition, he was knight and the leader of the Bariq tribe, located in Bariq of Azd, Yemen and was famous for its glory.
Al-Ali is a group of Arab clans who are not necessarily from a common ancestor but were once rulers of their own Arab state in Southern Persia and are still influential in Iraq and the United Arab Emirates as they are the ruling family in Umm al-Quwain. Many of whom are from an Arab tribe, a branch of Bani Malik from Central Arabia. Bani Malik are named after the renowned army leader, Malik Al-Ashtar Al-Nakha'i, and are a branch of Azd Mecca. Azd Mecca are one of four branches of Azd, a major pre-Islamic tribes, a branch of Kahlan which was one of the branches of Qahtan the other being Himyar. Most of Al-Ali tribe migrated by the end of the 16th century from what is now Saudi Arabia to different neighboring countries. Members of Al-Ali tribe live in Saudi Arabia, UAE, Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain, Iraq and Jordan.
Banu 'Akk or simply 'Akk, was one of the main pre-Islamic Arab tribes. The tribe inhabited Yemen in the Jahiliyyah.
The Kinda, or Kindah, were an Arab tribe from South Arabia. Originating in the region to the west of Hadramawt, the Kinda tribe is known to have served the Sabaean Kingdom as Bedouin auxiliaries as early as the 3rd century, later allying themselves with the Himyarite Kingdom under the Jewish king Dhu Nuwas.
Khawlan is an ancient Himyarite Arab tribe that archeologists view as one of the old tribes of Yemen that were contemporary to the kingdoms of Saba and Ma'in. There are two tribes in Yemen with the name Khawlan which are, Khawlan Al-Tiyal/Al-Aaliyah in Ma'rib, Sana'a, and Al-Bayda governorates, and they are currently a part of the Bakil tribal confederation. Khawlan Al-Tiyal means as it is situated on the highest point in Yemen.
'Amr ibn Luhayy was a chief of the Banu Khuza'ah, a tribe originating in pre-Islamic Arabia. 'Amr gained an infamous reputation in Islamic tradition due to him being cited by traditional Arabic sources as the first person to introduce the worship of idols into the Hijaz. He was also known as Abu al-Asnam.
Jafnah ibn 'Amr or Jafna was the first of the Ghassanid rulers. He was succeeded by his son Amr ibn Jafnah who converted to Christianity.
Tha'laba ibn 'Amr was the third of the Ghassanid rulers, succeeding his father Amr ibn Jafnah around 270 CE. Unlike his predecessor, Tha'laba was an ally of the Roman Empire. He was also the first of the Ghassanids to be recognized as an independent ruler.
The Banū Lahab are a tribe of Qahtanite Arabs that are part of the Azd tribal group. They currently inhabit the towns in Al Makhwah, a governorate of the Al Bahah Region in Saudi Arabia. In pre-Islamic times, the Banu Lahab were professional soothsayers of the Arabian community.
The Azd Shanū’ah also spelled as Shanuwah, are a group of South Arabian tribes in the Hijaz that were descended from the larger Azd group. The Banu Lahab, Banu Zahran and Banu Ghamd, including their branches, are among the few parts of the Azd Shanu'ah. Formerly residing in Yemen, they emigrated from it in masses during the 2nd century CE.
