The National Eligibility Test (NET) is a national-level standardised test conducted by various central government agencies in India. It is used to assess the eligibility of candidates for research fellowships, specifically the Junior Research Fellowship (JRF) and Senior Research Fellowship (SRF), enabling them to pursue doctoral programmes and contribute to research endeavors within public research institutes across the country. [1] [2] It is also used by various colleges and universities as a criterion for eligibility for appointment as an assistant professor, with a lower cut-off mark than JRF. [3]
Some of the NET exams include:
University Grants Commission is a statutory body under Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Education, Government of India. It was set up in accordance to the UGC Act 1956 and is charged with coordination, determination and maintenance of standards of higher education in India. It provides recognition to universities in India, and disbursements of funds to such recognized universities and colleges. The headquarters are in New Delhi, and it has six regional centres in Pune, Bhopal, Kolkata, Hyderabad, Guwahati and Bangalore. A proposal to replace it with another new regulatory body called HECI is under consideration by the Government of India. The UGC provides doctoral scholarships to all those who clear JRF in the National Eligibility Test. On an average, each year ₹725 crore (US$91 million) is spent on doctoral and post-doctoral fellowships by the commission.
Joint Entrance Examination – Main (JEE-Main), formerly All India Engineering Entrance Examination (AIEEE), is an Indian standardised computer-based test for admission to various technical undergraduate programs in engineering, architecture, and planning across colleges in India. The exam is conducted by the National Testing Agency for admission to B.Tech, B.Arch, etc. programs in premier technical institutes such as the National Institutes of Technology (NIT) and Indian Institutes of Information Technology (IIIT), which are based on the rank secured in the JEE-Main. It is usually conducted twice every year. Since mid of 2019, the JEE has been conducted fully online as a computerised test.
Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) is located at Izatnagar, Bareilly in Uttar Pradesh state. It is an advanced research facility in the field of veterinary medicine and allied branches. It has regional campuses at Mukteshwar, Bangalore, Palampur, Pune, Kolkata and Srinagar.
The Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE) is an entrance examination conducted in India that primarily tests the comprehensive understanding of undergraduate subjects in engineering and sciences for admission into postgraduate programs. GATE is conducted jointly by the Indian Institute of Science and seven Indian Institutes of Technologies at Roorkee, Delhi, Guwahati, Kanpur, Kharagpur, Chennai (Madras) and Mumbai (Bombay) on behalf of the National Coordination Board – GATE, Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Education (MoE), Government of India.
The University Grants Commission–National Eligibility Test (UGC–NET) is an Indian standardized test for determining the eligibility for the position of assistant professor in Indian universities and colleges, as well as for the awarding of Junior Research Fellowship (JRF), or both. The exam can be taken in any one of the 83 subjects. UGC–NET is one among the National Eligibility Tests (NET) conducted in India.
The National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) is a public research institute in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, under the umbrella of the Indian Department of Atomic Energy. The institute is affiliated with Homi Bhabha National Institute. Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, laid the foundation stone on August 28, 2006. Government of India earmarked an initial outlay of ₹823.19 crore (US$100 million) during the first seven years of the project, starting in September 2007. It was ranked second in the country by the Nature Index 2020.
A research fellow is an academic research position at a university or a similar research institution, usually for academic staff or faculty members. A research fellow may act either as an independent investigator or under the supervision of a principal investigator.
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal is an autonomous research institute in Bhauri, Bhopal district, Madhya Pradesh, India. It was established by the Ministry of Education (India), Government of India in 2008 in order to incorporate research in fundamental science at undergraduate and graduate level, with equal emphasis on higher education for research and education in science. It is an autonomous institution awarding its own degrees.
BioInformatics National Certification (BINC) was an initiative of Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government Of India in coordination with Bioinformatics Center, University of Pune, then from 2011, it was conducted by Jawaharlal Nehru University. However, from 2014 and now it is conducted by Pondicherry University. The objective of the examination is to recognize trained manpower in the area of Bioinformatics. Currently, various Indian universities, Government and private institutions are involved in imparting courses in Bioinformatics in India. However, there exists a large variation in the course contents, training period and method of training. Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India, has instituted BINC examination with an objective to evaluate the Bioinformatics knowledge & skillset of the students. This professional certification would facilitate industries and potential employers in recruiting Bioinformatics professionals. The BINC examination is conducted in the first quarter of every year. Those meeting the prescribed standards in BINC are issued a certificate of proficiency in Bioinformatics. BINC has decided to award Research fellowships to BINC qualified Indian nationals to pursue Ph.D. in Indian Institutes/Universities. Note that the candidate must possess a postgraduate degree & meet the criteria of the institutes/universities in order to avail research fellowship.
University School of Information, Communication and Technology is a constituent institute of Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University accredited grade 'A++' by NAAC located in university's main campus at Dwarka Sec-16, Dwarka, Delhi.
Two major engineering entrance examinations are used for admission to engineering institutes across India, Indian Institute of Technology Joint Entrance Examination (IIT-JEE) and All India Engineering Entrance Examination (AIEEE). In 2010, a proposal for a common engineering entrance examination was made by the Ministry of Human Resource Development. The proposal has gone through several names and formats, and is expected to enter use in 2024. Yet, the common entrance exam for all engineering courses in India has not become effective, even for academic year 2021–22.
India has the largest numbers of engineers as well as the largest number of engineering education institutes and infrastructure in the world. As of 2021, India annually produces fifteen lakh engineering graduates. India's technical education infrastructure includes 2500 engineering colleges, 1400 polytechnics and 200 schools of planning and architecture.
Articles 315 to 323 in Part XIV of the Constitution of India provides for the establishment of Public Service Commission for the Union of India and a Public Service Commission for each State. The same set of Articles of the Constitution also deal with the composition, appointment and removal of members, power and functions and independence of a Public Service Commission. Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) to conduct examinations for recruitment to the "All India Services" (AIS) and the "Higher Central Services" (HCS) and to advise the President on disciplinary matters. State Public Service Commission in every state to conduct examinations for recruitment to state services and to advise the governor on disciplinary matters.
National Institute of Technology Puducherry is an autonomous public technical and research university located in the city of Karaikal in Union Territory of Puducherry and is a coastal enclave in the basin of river Kaveri within the Nagapattinam District of Tamil Nadu. Founded and Established in 2010, it is one among the 31 National institutes of Technology of India and is declared as an Institute of National Importance by the Government of India under National Institutes of Technology, Science Education and Research Act, 2007.
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Berhampur is a public research and education institute in Berhampur, Odisha, India. It was established by the Ministry of Human Resource Development in 2016. IISER Berhampur is recognized an Institute of National Importance by the Government of India. The institute started functioning from 2016–17 academic year in the month of August. It is one of the 7 IISERs in India.
The Joint Entrance Screening Test (JEST) is a national entrance test in physics and theoretical computer science conducted annually in India. The test is utilised by various Indian public research institutes to shortlist candidates for admission to PhD and Integrated PhD programmes with fellowships in theoretical computer science and areas in physics. JEST has been recognised as a National Eligibility Test (NET) by the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB).
National Testing Agency (NTA) is an Indian government agency that has been approved by the Union Council of Ministers and established in November 2017 to conduct entrance examinations for educational institutions. The government appointed Vineet Joshi as the first Director-General of the agency. NTA is responsible for Joint Entrance Examination – Main, National Eligibility cum Entrance Test-Undergraduate, University Grants Commission–National Eligibility Test (UGC-NET), Common Management Admission Test (CMAT), Graduate Pharmacy Aptitude Test (GPAT), Common University Entrance Test (CUET) and All India Ayush Post Graduate Entrance Test (AIAPGET).
After completing a postgraduate degree, one of the options is to pursue a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D) program. These Ph.D programs cost money and time. To help a scholar there are many Research Fellowship Schemes in India funded by either a government agency or a private one. Such a scholar pursuing a Ph.D receives a monthly stipend and in some cases an annual contingency grant for 2 to 5 years.
Bachelor of Architecture (India) is an education pursued after 10+2 and clearing National Aptitude Test in Architecture conducted by Council of Architecture for a career in Architecture. They perform various roles in private or government organisations as architectural designer, architectural engineer, architectural draftsman, architectural assistant, Indian Railways, Defence Ministry, Municipal Corporation, National Building Organization, National Institutes of Urban Affairs and government architects.