The National Rally, known as the National Front from 1972 to 2018, is a French far-right party, described as populist and nationalist. It was the single largest parliamentary opposition party in the National Assembly from 2022 to 2024. Its candidate was defeated in the second round in the 2002, 2017 and 2022 presidential elections. It opposes immigration, advocating significant cuts to legal immigration, protection of French identity, and stricter control of illegal immigration. The party advocates a "more balanced" and "independent" French foreign policy, opposing French military intervention in Africa while supporting France leaving NATO's integrated command. It also supports reform of the European Union (EU) and its related organisations as well as economic interventionism, protectionism, and zero tolerance for breaches of law and order.
The Congress for Democracy and Progress was the ruling party in Burkina Faso from 1996 until the overthrow of Blaise Compaoré in 2014.
The National Assembly is the unicameral legislature of Senegal. The Assembly was previously part of a bicameral legislature from 1999 to 2001 and from 2007 to 2012, with the indirectly elected Senate being the upper house. The Senate was abolished for a second time in September 2012.
The Republican Federation was the largest conservative party during the French Third Republic, gathering together the progressive Orléanists rallied to the Republic.
The Rally for Democracy and Social Progress is a political party in the Republic of the Congo, founded by Jean-Pierre Thystère Tchicaya.
Marion Jeanne Caroline Maréchal, known as Marion Maréchal-Le Pen from 2010 to 2018, is a French far-right politician. She is part of the Le Pen family, as the granddaughter of National Front founder Jean-Marie Le Pen and niece of its later leader Marine Le Pen.
The Identity and Democracy Party, abbreviated to ID Party and formerly known as the Movement for a Europe of Nations and Freedom (MENF), is a nationalist, right-wing populist and Eurosceptic European political party founded in 2014. Its political group in the European Parliament was Europe of Nations and Freedom, which was succeeded in 2019 by Identity and Democracy.
The Republicans is a liberal conservative political party in France, largely inspired by the tradition of Gaullism. The party was formed on 30 May 2015 as the re-incorporation of the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP), which had been established in 2002 under the leadership of then-President of France Jacques Chirac.
Presidential elections were held in France on 10 and 24 April 2022. As no candidate won a majority in the first round, a runoff was held, in which Emmanuel Macron defeated Marine Le Pen and was re-elected as President of France. Macron, from La République En Marche! (LREM), had defeated Le Pen, leader of the National Rally, once already in the 2017 French presidential election, for the term which expired on 13 May 2022. Macron became the first president of France to win a re-election bid since Jacques Chirac won in 2002.
Brigitte Bourguignon is a French politician who briefly served as Minister of Solidarity and Health in the government of Prime Minister Élisabeth Borne in 2022.
The Democratic, MoDem and Independents group, known as the Democratic Movement (MoDem) and affiliated democrats until 2022, is a parliamentary group in the National Assembly of France including representatives of the Democratic Movement (MoDem).
The Renaissance Deputies, known as the La République En Marche group until 2022, is a parliamentary group in the National Assembly of France including representatives of Renaissance. It was formed following the 2017 legislative election.
Maxette Grisoni-Pirbakas is a French politician from Guadeloupe. She was elected as a Member of the European Parliament for the National Rally (RN) in the 2019 election. She served as spokesperson for the RN from March 2019 to February 2022, when she defected to join the Reconquête party.
Hélène Laporte is a French politician who was elected as a National Rally group Member of the European Parliament (MEP) in the 2019 European parliamentary election. She was vice president of the National Assembly from 2022 to 2024.
Annika Bruna is a French politician. She was elected as a National Rally Member of the European Parliament (MEP) in the 2019 European parliamentary election.
Mathilde Androuët is a French politician. She was elected as a National Rally Member of the European Parliament (MEP) in the 2019 European parliamentary election. She was re-elected in 2024.
Legislative elections were held in France on 12 and 19 June 2022 to elect the 577 members of the 16th National Assembly of the Fifth Republic. The elections took place following the 2022 French presidential election, which was held in April 2022. They have been described as the most indecisive legislative elections since the establishment of the five-year presidential term in 2000 and subsequent change of the electoral calendar in 2002. The governing Ensemble coalition remained the largest bloc in the National Assembly but substantially lost its ruling majority, resulting in the formation of France's first minority government since 1993; for the first time since 1997, the incumbent president of France did not have an absolute majority in Parliament. As no alliance won a majority, it resulted in a hung parliament for the first time since 1988.
Ensemble is a liberal political coalition in France created by Emmanuel Macron. Formed in November 2021 as Ensemble Citoyens, it makes up the presidential majority and includes Renaissance, Democratic Movement (MoDem), Horizons, En commun, and the Progressive Federation. The coalition included the parties Agir and Territories of Progress (TDP) until they were merged into the rebranded Renaissance. Ensemble has mainly been described as being centrist, and sometimes as centre-right on the political spectrum.
The New Ecological and Social People's Union was a left-wing electoral alliance of political parties in France. Formed on May Day 2022, the alliance includes La France Insoumise (LFI), the Socialist Party (PS), the French Communist Party (PCF), The Ecologists (LE), Ensemble! (E!), and Génération.s (G.s), and their respective smaller partners. It was the first wide left-wing political alliance since the Plural Left in the 1997 French legislative election. Over 70 dissident candidates who refused the accord still ran.
Three motions of no confidence in the French government of Élisabeth Borne were tabled by the left-wing NUPES coalition and the far-right National Rally on 24 October 2022.
