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Parliament of Canada | |
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Citation | S.C. 1930, c. 3 [Alta.] S.C, 1930, c. 37 [B.C.] S.C. 1930, c. 29 [Man.] S.C. 1930, c. 41 [Sask.] |
Enacted by | Parliament of Canada |
Assented to | 30 May 1930 |
Keywords | |
Natural Resources Transfer Agreements Constitution Act, 1930 |
Natural Resources Agreement Act | |
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Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan | |
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Enacted by | Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan |
Assented to | 10 April 1930 |
Keywords | |
Saskatchewan Natural Resources Transfer Agreement Constitution Act, 1930 |
Manitoba Natural Resources Transfer Act | |
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Legislative Assembly of Manitoba | |
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Citation | C.C.S.M. c. N30 |
Enacted by | Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |
Keywords | |
Manitoba Natural Resources Transfer Agreement Constitution Act, 1930 |
The natural resources acts were a series of Acts passed by the Parliament of Canada and the provinces of Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba and Saskatchewan in 1930 to transfer control over crown lands and natural resources within these provinces from the Government of Canada to the provincial governments. Alberta, [1] Manitoba [2] and Saskatchewan [3] had not been given control over their natural resources when they entered Confederation, unlike the other Canadian provinces. [4] British Columbia had surrendered certain portions of its natural resources and Crown lands to the federal government, the Railway Belt and the Peace River Block, when it entered Confederation in 1871, [5] as part of the agreement for the building of the transcontinental railway.
Following protracted negotiations, in 1930 the Government of Canada and the four provinces reached a series of agreements for the transfer of the administration of the natural resources to the provincial governments, called the Natural Resources Transfer Agreements. Parliament [6] and the four provincial legislatures [7] then passed acts to implement the agreements. Finally, the British Parliament passed the Constitution Act, 1930, [8] to ratify the agreements, entrenching them in the Constitution of Canada. The passage of these Acts rendered the Dominion Lands Act obsolete, since these same lands were no longer under federal jurisdiction.
A few small sections of resource-rich territory were excluded from the act, although they would be transferred later. First Nations reserves and lands reserved for indigenous persons were excluded under the Indian Act . National parks were also excluded - they remain under the jurisdiction of the federal government, and are generally off-limits to resource development.
The Natural Resource Transfer Agreements with the three[ clarification needed ] western provinces provide that laws respecting game in the province apply to Indians within the boundaries of the province. [9] However, the rights granted to Indians under treaties to hunt, trap and fish are usually considered integral to the surrender of their lands, and are therefore maintained under the Transfer Agreement. [10]
The Constitution of Canada is the supreme law in Canada. It outlines Canada's system of government and the civil and human rights of those who are citizens of Canada and non-citizens in Canada. Its contents are an amalgamation of various codified acts, treaties between the Crown and Indigenous Peoples, uncodified traditions and conventions. Canada is one of the oldest constitutional monarchies in the world.
The British North America Acts, 1867–1975, are a series of acts of Parliament that were at the core of the Constitution of Canada. Most were enacted by the Parliament of the United Kingdom and some by the Parliament of Canada. Some of the acts were repealed in Canada by the Constitution Act, 1982. The rest were renamed the Constitution Acts and amended, with those changes having effect only in Canada. The Canadian versions of the Constitution Acts are part of the Constitution of Canada, and can be amended only in Canada.
Canadian federalism involves the current nature and historical development of the federal system in Canada.
The Saskatchewan Act is an act of the Parliament of Canada which established the new province of Saskatchewan, effective September 1, 1905. Its long title is An Act to establish and provide for the government of the Province of Saskatchewan. The act received royal assent on July 20, 1905. The Saskatchewan Act is part of the Constitution of Canada.
The Dominion Lands Act was an 1872 Canadian law that aimed to encourage the settlement of the Canadian Prairies and to help prevent the area being claimed by the United States. The Act was closely based on the U.S. Homestead Act of 1862, setting conditions in which the western lands could be settled and their natural resources developed.
In Canada, a separate school is a type of school that has constitutional status in three provinces and statutory status in the three territories. In these Canadian jurisdictions, a separate school is one operated by a civil authority—a separate school board—with a mandate enshrined in the Canadian Constitution or in federal statutes. In these six jurisdictions a civil electorate, composed of the members of the minority faith, elects separate school trustees according to the province's or territory's local authorities election legislation. These trustees are legally accountable to their electorate and to the provincial or territorial government. No church has a constitutional, legal, or proprietary interest in a separate school.
Crown land, also known as royal domain, is a territorial area belonging to the monarch, who personifies the Crown. It is the equivalent of an entailed estate and passes with the monarchy, being inseparable from it. Today, in Commonwealth realms, crown land is considered public land and is apart from the monarch's private estate.
In Canada, taxation is a prerogative shared between the federal government and the various provincial and territorial legislatures.
Alberta's Métis people are descendants of mixed First Nations/Indigenous peoples and White/European families. The Métis are considered an aboriginal group under Canada's Constitution Act, 1982. They are separate and distinct from First Nations, though they live in the same regions and have cultural similarities, and have different legal rights.
The Peace River Block is a 3,500,000-acre (14,000 km2) area of land in northeastern British Columbia, in the Peace River Country. In exchange for building a rail line across Canada to British Columbia, the Canadian Pacific Railway was given the Railway Belt, 20 miles (32 km) of land on each side of the railway. To compensate the CPR for alienated or non-arable land in the 40-mile-wide (64 km) strip, the province allowed the Government of Canada to take control of 3,500,000 acres within B.C., northeast of the Rocky Mountains. This arrangement passed the provincial Legislature on December 19, 1883, and passed the Parliament of Canada on March 21, 1884, as the Settlement Act. All the land northeast of the Rocky Mountains became a provincial reserve pending the government of Canada's decision on what land to select, which prevented homesteading and land claims. After several surveys of the land the government took possession in 1907. The land the government chose was an approximately square-shaped block of land 72.4 miles (116.5 km) north-south and 75.7 miles (121.8 km) east-west. The south boundary begins at the intersection of the Alberta-British Columbia border and the Twentieth Baseline of the Dominion Land Survey, and the north boundary begins at the Twenty-third Baseline; however, both boundaries are run at right angles to the Alberta-British Columbia Border without accounting for meridian convergence and thus deviate south of each baseline. Land within the block was initially surveyed using the 3rd and 4th Systems of the Dominion Land Survey; however, much of the south and west parts of the block were eventually surveyed into district lots similar to other parts of British Columbia.
This is a list of leaders and office-holders of Canada. See also Canadian incumbents by year.
Western alienation, in the context of Canadian politics, refers to the notion that the Western provinces—British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba—have been marginalized within Confederation, particularly compared to Central Canada, which consists of Canada's two most populous provinces, Ontario and Quebec. Expressions of western alienation frequently allege that Eastern Canada is politically over-represented and receives out-sized economic benefits at the expense of western Canadians.
Crown corporations are government organizations in Canada with a mixture of commercial and public-policy objectives. They are directly and wholly owned by the Crown.
The 6th Alberta Legislative Assembly was in session from February 10, 1927, to May 10, 1930, with the membership of the assembly determined by the results of the 1926 Alberta general election held on June 28, 1926. The Legislature officially resumed on February 10, 1927, and continued until the fourth session was prorogued on April 3, 1930, and dissolved on May 10, 1930, prior to the 1930 Alberta general election.
In Canada, the federal government makes equalization payments to provincial governments of lesser fiscal capacity so that "reasonably comparable" levels of public services can be provided at similar levels of taxation. Equalization payments are entrenched in the Constitution Act of 1982, subsection 36(2).
Western Canada, also referred to as the Western provinces, Canadian West, or Western provinces of Canada, and commonly known within Canada as the West, is a Canadian region that includes the four western provinces just north of the Canada–United States border namely British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba. The people of the region are often referred to as "Western Canadians" or "Westerners", and though diverse from province to province are largely seen as being collectively distinct from other Canadians along cultural, linguistic, socioeconomic, geographic and political lines. They account for approximately 32% of Canada's total population.
The Railway Belt was a region in the Canadian Province of British Columbia, following the main line of the Canadian Pacific Railway. It extended approximately 20 miles on either side of the railway. Although the land was initially under provincial control, the Government of British Columbia agreed to transfer control of the Railway Belt to the Government of Canada, as a condition of the British Columbia Terms of Entry into Confederation. The federal Government then used the Railway Belt to further the building of the transcontinental railway, by granting portions of it to the CPR. The federal government also surveyed the Railway Belt under the Dominion Lands Survey.
The Porcupine Provincial Forest is a protected boreal forest in Canada which covers the Porcupine Hills on the border of Saskatchewan and Manitoba.
Section 92A of the Constitution Act, 1867 is a provision of the Constitution of Canada relating to provincial jurisdiction over natural resources. It was added to the Constitution Act, 1867 in 1982, as part of the Patriation of the Constitution.
Section 128 of the Constitution Act, 1867 is a provision of the Constitution of Canada relating to the oath of allegiance for members of the Senate and the House of Commons of Canada, as well as members of the provincial legislative assemblies. The section also requires members of the Senate to make a declaration of qualification. The texts of the oath and the declaration of qualification are set out in the Fifth Schedule of the Act. The section also applied to members of the provincial legislative councils, but since they have all been abolished, it no longer has any application in that regard.