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Very high frequency (VHF) is the ITU designation for the range of radio frequency electromagnetic waves from 30 to 300 megahertz (MHz), with corresponding wavelengths of ten meters to one meter. Frequencies immediately below VHF are denoted high frequency (HF), and the next higher frequencies are known as ultra high frequency (UHF).
The Emergency Broadcast System (EBS), sometimes called the Emergency Broadcasting System or the Emergency Action Notification System (EANS), was an emergency warning system used in the United States. It replaced the previous CONELRAD system and was used from 1963 to 1997, at which point it was replaced by the Emergency Alert System.
CONELRAD was a method of emergency broadcasting to the public of the United States in the event of enemy attack during the Cold War. It was intended to allow continuous broadcast of civil defense information to the public using radio stations, while rapidly switching the transmitter stations to make the broadcasts unsuitable for Soviet bombers that might attempt to home in on the signals.
The Emergency Alert System (EAS) is a national warning system in the United States designed to allow authorized officials to coordinate and disseminate emergency alerts and warning messages to the public via terrestrial and satellite radio and television, including broadcast and multichannel television.
Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) standards are an American set of standards for digital television transmission over terrestrial, cable and satellite networks. It is largely a replacement for the analog NTSC standard and, like that standard, is used mostly in the United States, Mexico, Canada, and South Korea. Several former NTSC users, in particular Japan, have not used ATSC during their digital television transition, because they adopted their own system called ISDB.
WNUV, virtual channel 54, is a CW-affiliated television station licensed to Baltimore, Maryland, United States. The station is owned by Cunningham Broadcasting; the Hunt Valley-based Sinclair Broadcast Group, which owns Fox affiliate and company flagship WBFF, operates WNUV under a local marketing agreement (LMA). However, Sinclair effectively owns WNUV as the majority of Cunningham's stock is owned by the family of deceased group founder Julian Smith. Sinclair also operates TBD affiliate WUTB under a separate shared services agreement (SSA) with owner Deerfield Media.
KLVX, virtual channel 10, is a Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) member television station licensed to Las Vegas, Nevada, United States. The station is owned by the Clark County School District, and is the flagship member of the district's communications arm, the KLVX Communications Group. KLVX's studios are located at the Vegas PBS Educational Technology Campus in Paradise, and its transmitter is located atop Black Mountain, near Henderson.
KWVE-FM is a commercial radio station licensed to San Clemente, California, broadcasting to the Greater Los Angeles area and northern San Diego County. KWVE-FM airs Christian radio programming with an emphasis on Bible teaching and Christian music of the praise and worship genre. The station is owned by Calvary Chapel Costa Mesa, with its transmitter atop Santiago Peak and studios in the church-owned Logos Building in Santa Ana, adjacent to the church campus.
Connecticut Public Television (CPTV) is the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) member network for the U.S. state of Connecticut. It is owned by Connecticut Public Broadcasting, a community-based non-profit organization that holds the licenses for all PBS member stations licensed in the state, and also owns the state's National Public Radio (NPR) member, Connecticut Public Radio (WNPR). Together, the television and radio stations make up the Connecticut Public Broadcasting Network (CPBN). CPBN is the state's only locally owned media organization producing TV, radio, print and Internet content for distribution across the state. As of 2019, Mark Contreras was announced as the new President / CEO. The organizational structure of CPTV also includes a Board of Trustees. The network co-produced the long-running children's television series, Barney & Friends until the show were transferred to WNET.
Mobile television is television watched on a small handheld or mobile device. It includes service delivered via mobile phone networks, received free-to-air via terrestrial television stations, or via satellite broadcast. Regular broadcast standards or special mobile TV transmission formats can be used. Additional features include downloading TV programs and podcasts from the Internet and storing programming for later viewing.
WNYI, virtual channel 52, is a Daystar owned-and-operated television station licensed to Ithaca, New York, United States and serving the Elmira, Binghamton and Syracuse television markets. The station is owned by Word of God Fellowship. WNYI's transmitter is located on Quarry Road in Moravia, New York. It is rebroadcast in Syracuse on WDSS-LD, a low-power translator station that broadcasts on UHF channel 38 from a transmitter in Onondaga.
WJLP, virtual channel 33, is a MeTV-affiliated television station, licensed to Middletown Township, New Jersey, United States and serving the New York City television market. Owned by PMCM TV LLC, it is sister station to New York City-licensed independent station WNWT-LD. The two stations share studios in Freehold Township, New Jersey, and transmitter facilities at 4 Times Square in midtown Manhattan.
KINC, virtual channel 15, is a Univision-affiliated television station licensed to Las Vegas, Nevada, United States. Owned by Entravision Communications, it is a sister station to low-powered UniMás affiliate KELV-LD. The two stations share studios on Pilot Road in the unincorporated community of Paradise ; KINC's transmitter is located on Mount Arden near Henderson.
KNPB, virtual channel 5, branded on-air as PBS Reno, is a Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) member television station licensed to Reno, Nevada, United States. The station is owned by Channel 5 Public Broadcasting, Inc. KNPB's studios are located on North Virginia Street in Reno, and its transmitter is located on Red Hill between US 395 and SR 445 in Sun Valley. On cable, KNPB is available on Charter Spectrum channel 5 in both standard and high definition.
A coupon-eligible converter box (CECB) was a digital television adapter that met eligibility specifications for subsidy "coupons" from the United States government. The subsidy program was enacted to provide terrestrial television viewers with an affordable way to continue receiving free digital terrestrial television services after the nation's television service transitioned to digital transmission and analog transmissions ceased. The specification was developed by the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA), with input from the broadcast and consumer electronics industries as well as public interest groups.
In the United States, digital television broadcasts, or DTV, can be received via cable, via internet, via satellite, or via digital terrestrial television — much like analog television broadcasts have been. Full-power analog television broadcasts, however, were required by U.S. federal law to cease by June 12, 2009. Low-power and TV Translator stations were required to cease analog broadcasts on July 13, 2021, with Class A analog stations signing off on September 1, 2015. Also by law, digital broadcasts — when transmitted as over-the-air signals — must conform to ATSC standards. It is unclear whether satellite operators are free to use their own proprietary standards; and many standards exist for Internet television.
The digital transition in the United States is the switchover from analog to exclusively digital broadcasting of terrestrial television programming. According to David Rehr, then president and CEO of the National Association of Broadcasters, this transition represented "the most significant advancement of television technology since color TV was introduced." For full-power TV stations, the transition went into effect on June 12, 2009, with stations ending regular programming on their analog signals no later than 11:59 p.m. local time that day.
The Short-term Analog Flash and Emergency Readiness Act, or SAFER Act, is a U.S. law that required the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to allow the continuation of full-power analog TV transmissions in 2009 for an additional 30 days for the purpose of broadcasting public service announcements regarding the DTV transition in the United States and emergency information. It is also commonly known as the "DTV nightlight bill" or "analog nightlight", referring to a small nightlight that is left on after all of the other lights are out. Despite the analog shutoff deadline being extended to June 12, 2009 as part of the DTV Delay Act, stations that signed off before the deadline were still permitted to participate in the SAFER Act.
KENV-DT, virtual and VHF digital channel 10, is a TBD-operated television station licensed to Elko, Nevada, United States. Owned by Cunningham Broadcasting, the station is operated under joint sales and shared services agreements (JSA/SSA) by the Sinclair Broadcast Group. This effectively makes KENV an owned-and-operated station of the Sinclair-owned TBD network. KENV's studios are located on the campus of Great Basin College at 1025 Chilton Circle in Elko along I-80, and its transmitter is located on Grindstone Mountain.
On February 1, 2005, the Emergency Alert System was activated in portions of Connecticut calling for the immediate evacuation of the entire state. The activation was in error. Later studies showed that residents did not evacuate, and that the most common response was to 'change the channel' or seek other confirmation.
References
- ↑ "Nevada Broadcasters Pass DTV Test". Broadcasting and Cable. December 19, 2008. Retrieved 2009-01-01.
- ↑ Malone, Michael (2008-12-18). "Sin City Snow Coincides With DTV Test". Broadcasting & Cable. Retrieved 2009-01-01.
- ↑ "New members inducted into broadcasters hall of fame". Las vegas Review-Journal. August 31, 2006. Retrieved 2009-01-01.