New York State Athletic Commission

Last updated

The New York State Athletic Commission or NYSAC, also known as the New York Athletic Commission, is a division of the New York State Department of State which regulates all contests and exhibitions of unarmed combat within the state of New York, including licensure and supervision of promoters, boxers, professional wrestlers, seconds, ring officials, managers, and matchmakers. In 2016, the NYSAC was authorized to oversee all mixed martial arts contests in New York. [1]

Contents

The commission is based in New York City.

History

The NYSAC was founded in 1911, when the Frawley Law legalized prizefighting in New York state. The bill was signed on July 26, 1911, and that same day Governor John Alden Dix appointed Bartow S. Weeks, John J. Dixon, and Frank S. O'Neil to serve on the state athletic commission. [2] Weeks declined to serve on the commission so James Edward Sullivan was appointed for the final seat. [3]

The Frawley Law was repealed in 1917 and the state athletic commission was disbanded. [4] In 1920 the Walker Law reestablished legal boxing in the state. [5] [6] In 1921, Governor Nathan L. Miller appointed William Muldoon, Frank Dwyer, and George K. Morris to reformed state athletic commission. [7] The National Boxing Association (NBA) was established in 1921 by other U.S. states to counter the influence of the NYSAC. [8] Sometimes the NYSAC and the NBA recognized different boxers as World Champion, [8] especially in 1927–40. [9] In 1962, the NBA renamed itself the World Boxing Association, and in 1963 the NYSAC supported the formation of the World Boxing Council. [8]

Cathy Davis sued the NYSAC in 1977 because she was denied a boxing license because she was a woman, and the case was decided in her favor later that year, with the judge invalidating New York State rule number 205.15, which stated, “No woman may be licensed as a boxer or second or licensed to compete in any wrestling exhibition with men.” [10] [11] In his opinion the judge cited the precedent set by Garrett v. New York State Athletic Commission (1975), which “found the regulation invalid under the equal protection clauses of the State and Federal Constitutions”. The NYSAC filed an appeal of the ruling, but later dropped it. [10] [12]

Rules and Regulations (past and present)

1929 Weights and classes

ClassWeight (lbs.)Weight (kg)
Junior Flyweight10949.4
Flyweight11250.8
Junior Bantamweight11552.2
Bantamweight11853.5
Junior Featherweight12255.3
Featherweight12657.2
Junior Lightweight13059.0
Lightweight13561.2
Junior Welterweight14063.5
Welterweight14766.7
Middleweight16072.6
Light Heavyweight17579.4

Boxing Rules of Athletic Commission of the State of New York

(As published in Self-Defense Sporting Annual 1929, p. 14.)

Referee

Judges

Miscellaneous

Members

  • Herb Washington (1990–1995) [49]
  • Mel Southard (1995–2001, chair 1998–2001) [50]
  • Marc Cornstein (1999–2007)
  • Raymond Kelly (2001–2002, chair 2001–2002) [51]
  • Jerome Becker (2001–2007)
  • Bernard Kerik (2002–2003, chair 2002–2003) [52]
  • Ron Scott Stevens (2003–2009, chair 2003–2008) [53]
  • Melvina Lathan (2007–2015, chair 2008–2015) [54]
  • Edwin Torres (2008–present) [55]
  • Tom Santino (2010–2013)
  • John Signorile (2013–2018) [56]
  • Thomas Hoover (2015–2016, chair 2015–2016) [57]
  • Ndidi Massay (2016–2021, chair 2016–2021) [58]
  • Philip Stieg (2018–present) [59]
  • Don Patterson (2018–present) [60]
  • James Vosswinkel (2018–present) [55]
  • Lino Garcia (2021–present) [55]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jersey Joe Walcott</span> American boxer

Arnold Raymond Cream, best known as Jersey Joe Walcott, was an American professional boxer who competed from 1930 to 1953. He held the NYSAC, NBA, and The Ring heavyweight titles from 1951 to 1952, and broke the record for the oldest man to win the title, at the age of 37. That record would eventually be broken in 1994 by 45-year-old George Foreman. Despite holding the world heavyweight title for a relatively short period of time, Walcott was regarded among the best heavyweights in the world during the 1940s and 1950s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marquess of Queensberry Rules</span> Vintage rules system for boxing

The Marquess of Queensberry Rules, also known as Queensbury Rules, are a code of generally accepted rules in the sport of boxing. Drafted in London in 1865 and published in 1867, they were named so as the 9th Marquess of Queensberry publicly endorsed the code, although they were written by a Welsh sportsman named John Graham Chambers from Llanelli, Carmarthenshire. The code of rules on which modern boxing is based, the Queensberry rules were the first to mandate the use of gloves in boxing.

Cathy Davis is an American former professional boxer who competed between 1976 and 1981. Some of her fights were fixed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vince Dundee</span> American boxer

Vince Dundee, born Vincenzo Lazzara in Sicily, became the New York State Athletic Commission world middleweight champion when he defeated reigning champion Lou Brouillard on October 30, 1933. His title was also recognized by the National Boxing Association (NBA). He was the younger brother of former welterweight world champion of boxing, Joe Dundee.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Joey Archibald</span> American boxer

Joey Archibald was a National Boxing Association (NBA) world featherweight boxing champion in April 1939. He was managed by Al Weill, and his trainer was Charlie Goldman.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">William Muldoon</span> American wrestler (1852–1933)

Bill A. Muldoon was the Greco-Roman Wrestling Champion, a physical culturist and the first chairman of the New York State Athletic Commission. He once wrestled a match that lasted over seven hours.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Frank Dwyer</span> American baseball player (1868–1943)

John Francis Dwyer was an American right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball for the Chicago White Stockings (1888–1889), Chicago Pirates (1890), Cincinnati Kelly's Killers (1891), Milwaukee Brewers (1891), St. Louis Browns (1892), and Cincinnati Reds (1892–1899). He was the manager for the Detroit Tigers in 1902.

The Nevada State Athletic Commission regulates all contests and exhibitions of unarmed combat within the state of Nevada, including licensure and supervision of promoters, boxers, kickboxers, mixed martial arts fighters, seconds, ring officials, managers, and matchmakers. The commission is the final authority on licensing matters, having the ability to approve, deny, revoke, or suspend all licenses for unarmed combat.

Super featherweight, also known as junior lightweight, is a weight division in professional boxing, contested between 126 pounds (57 kg) and 130 pounds (59 kg).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Freddie Miller (boxer)</span> American boxer (1911–1962)

Freddie Miller was an American boxer from Cincinnati, Ohio, who won over 200 fights and held the NBA world featherweight championship from 1933 to 1936. He was named in Ring magazine's list of the 80 Best Fighters of the Last 80 Years.

Most rule sets for mixed martial arts (MMA) competitions have evolved since the early days of Vale Tudo. As a result of health, legal, and moral concerns, many different rulesets were created, which give different countries and promotions very different tactics and strategies. Similarly, shoot wrestling organizations, such as Shooto, expanded their rulesets to integrate elements of Vale Tudo into their sport. However, for the most part, fighters accustomed to one rule set can easily acclimate to the others.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pinky Silverberg</span> American boxer

Pinky Silverberg was a Connecticut-based American boxer who briefly held the National Boxing Association (NBA) World Flyweight title in late 1927. With an efficient defense, Silverberg was knocked out only once in his career by Willie LaMorte in 1926. His managers were Johnny Herman, Lou Anger, and Joe Smith. Problems with his hands, which were often broken during his career, may have hampered many of his boxing performances.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jackie Fields</span> American boxer (1908–1987)

Jackie Fields was an American professional boxer who won the World Welterweight Championship twice. Statistical boxing website BoxRec lists Fields as the #19 ranked welterweight of all-time. Fields was elected to the United Savings-Helms Hall of Boxing Fame in 1972, the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame in 1979, the World Boxing Hall of Fame in 1987, and the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 2004.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ben Jeby</span> American boxer

Ben Jeby, was an American world champion middleweight boxer from the Lower East Side of New York City. He was managed by the legendary Hymie Caplin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Joe Burman</span> American boxer (1898–1979)

Joe Burman was a British-born American boxer who was briefly awarded the World bantamweight championship by the New York State Athletic Commission, when reigning champion Joe Lynch cancelled a bout with him scheduled for October 19, 1923. Burman defeated five world champions in his career, Pete Herman, Sammy Mandell, Joe Lynch, Charles Ledoux, and Johnny McCoy and was rated among the top bantamweight boxers in the world for several years. He had only three losses and was never knocked out in an exceptional career that spanned eight years, and included as many as 120 bouts.

James Aloysius Farley Jr. was an American sports commissioner who served as chairman of the New York State Athletic Commission from 1975 to 1977.

John James Phelan was an American boxing commissioner and military officer who served as chairman of the New York State Athletic Commission and was a Major General in the New York Army National Guard.

William J. Brown was an American boxing commissioner, referee, and promoter.

George E. Brower was an American jurist who was a justice of the New York Supreme Court, Kings County District Attorney, and a member of the New York State Athletic Commission.

Frank S. O'Neil was an American attorney who served as chairman of the New York State Athletic Commission.

References

  1. Okamoto, Brett (22 March 2016). "New York State Assembly passes bill that lifts ban on MMA". espn.go.com. ESPN. Retrieved 11 July 2016.
  2. "B.S. Weeks Heads Boxing Commission". The New York Times. July 27, 1911.
  3. "Dix Names Sullivan". The New York Times. August 18, 1911.
  4. "MEMBERSHIP PLAN REFUGE OF BOXING; Death of Frawley Law Finds Managers Ready to Return to Former System. GOVERNOR'S WORDS BASIS Whitman's Statement In Buffalo Encourages Test of Holding Bouts Under Glub Auspices. Sport Popular in State. Three Titles Changed Hands". The New York Times. November 19, 1917.
  5. Hudson, David L. Jr. (May 13, 2009). Combat Sports: An Encyclopedia of Wrestling, Fighting, and Mixed Martial Arts. ABC-CLIO. ISBN   9780313343841 via Google Books.
  6. Lang, Arne K. (March 28, 2020). "Re-visiting the Walker Law of 1920 which Transformed Boxing". The Sweet Science.
  7. 1 2 "Gov. Miller Names New Athletic Body". The New York Times. June 7, 1921.
  8. 1 2 3 Morrison, Ian (1990). The Guinness World Championship Boxing book. Guinness Publishing. pp. 14–15. ISBN   0-85112-900-5.
  9. Morrison, pp.126–137
  10. 1 2 Smith, Malissa (June 5, 2014). A History of Women's Boxing. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 168, 169. ISBN   9781442229952 via Google Books.
  11. "People in Sports". The New York Times. January 22, 1975.
  12. "Garrett v. New York State Athletic Commission, 82 Misc. 2d 524 (1975)". Caselaw. Retrieved 21 December 2023.
  13. "J.E. Sullivan Quits Boxing Commission". The New York Times. September 6, 1911.
  14. "New Boxing Board". The New York Times. November 24, 1915.
  15. "J. R. Price Placed on Boxing Commission". The New York Times. January 10, 1913.
  16. "Six Clubs Receive Boxing Licenses". The New York Times. October 12, 1915.
  17. "Whitman Removes Wenck from Office". The Boston Daily Globe. March 17, 1917.
  18. Murlin, Edgar L. (1916). The New York Red Book. Albany: J. B. Lyon Company. p. 82. Retrieved 18 January 2022.
  19. "Muldoon Reappointed, Farley Named for New York Commission". The Boston Daily Globe. January 31, 1924.
  20. "William Muldoon: ' Iron Duke' of Athletics, Idol of Boxing World, Was John L. Sullivan's Trainer". The New York Times. June 4, 1933.
  21. "Boxing Board Now Has One Vacancy". The New York Times. January 2, 1923.
  22. "Governor Appoints License Committee". The New York Times. April 11, 1923.
  23. "Brower Appointed District Attorney". The New York Times. December 31, 1929.
  24. "Gen Phelan N Y Athletic Commission Chairman: Farley Resigns to Enter Cabinet--D. Walker Wear Becomes Member of State Board--Schaaf Report Sent to Governor". The New York Times. March 1, 1938.
  25. "Gen Phelan Named as Boxing Solon". The Boston Daily Globe. January 23, 1930.
  26. "Brown Appointed to Boxing Board". The New York Times. June 27, 1933.
  27. "Brown to Resign as Boxing Official". The New York Times. November 8, 1942.
  28. "Wear Quits Boxing Board". The New York Times. October 13, 1944.
  29. "Powell Gains Post on Athletic Board". The New York Times. August 12, 1943.
  30. "Eddie Eagan, Former Chairman Of Boxing Commission, Is Dead". The New York Times. June 15, 1967.
  31. "Swears Appointed to Athletic Board". The New York Times. April 24, 1947.
  32. "Swears Resigns From Ring Board". The New York Times. October 2, 1955.
  33. "Sports Roundup". The Boston Daily Globe. January 1, 1955.
  34. Smothers, Ronald (August 18, 1987). "Julius Helfand Is Dead at 84; Led New York Boxing Inquiry". The New York Times.
  35. 1 2 "Name Farley To Boxing Board Of N. Y.". Daily Defender. March 13, 1956.
  36. "General Appointed Helfand Successor". The Boston Daily Globe. January 7, 1959.
  37. Hopkins, John J. (August 17, 2012). "Community supporter Raymond Lee dies". Lockport Union-Sun & Journal. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
  38. "Dooley Named Chairman of N. Y. Board". The Boston Globe. May 4, 1966.
  39. "Robinson Is Appointed To Athletic Commission". The New York Times. May 6, 1971.
  40. "Personalities: Laver Bypassed". The New York Times. November 30, 1972.
  41. 1 2 3 4 5 "John Branca Heads Sports Commission". The New York Times. July 13, 1983.
  42. "Lord of the ring". Times Union. September 24, 1995.
  43. "Floyd Patterson resigns as NY State Athletic Commission chairman citing memory loss". Jet. April 20, 1998.
  44. "Prenderville Succeeds Farley". The New York Times. July 8, 1978.
  45. "Comings and Goings". The New York Times. November 15, 1984.
  46. "Sportsline". USA Today. March 2, 1990.
  47. "Torres Will Head State Commission". The New York Times. November 27, 1984.
  48. "Dealing with Bill Cayton and Don King makes Randy Gordon . . . The Man in the Middle". Newsday. April 9, 1989.
  49. "Gordon Accused In Tyson Quarrel". Newsday. March 2, 1990.
  50. "Former Yankees lawyer to lead sports commission". Times Union. June 22, 1998.
  51. Whisler, John (September 2, 2001). "Poor eye for talent cooked Teflon-coated Goossen". San Antonio Express-News.
  52. Sherman, William (April 12, 2003). "Kerik Quits as Boxing Boss". The New York Daily News.
  53. Smith, Tim (April 16, 2003). "Stevens Perfect Pick as Commission Chief". New York Daily News.
  54. Rafael, Dan (January 12, 2015). "Thomas Hoover takes NYSAC job". ESPN. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
  55. 1 2 3 "Commissioners". New York Department of State. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
  56. Tedesco, Richard (July 18, 2013). "Gov taps EW resident for state boxing post". The Island Now. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
  57. "New York inspector general faults state boxing commission". Sports Illustrated. July 25, 2016. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
  58. Woods, Madelyne (November 11, 2021). "Ndidi Massay is Driving Diversity and Transformation at CBS Sports". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
  59. "Dr. Stieg Appointed to the NYSAC". Weill Cornell Brain and Spine Center. August 13, 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
  60. Rodriguez, Miguel (June 21, 2018). "Golden Gloves President Patterson appointed to state Athletic Commission". Buffalo News. Retrieved 12 January 2022.