New Zealand Fungarium

Last updated

New Zealand Fungarium (PDD)
Te Kohinga Hekaheka o Aotearoa
New Zealand Fungarium
Established 1919 (1919-MM)
Location Auckland
Coordinates 36°53′01″S174°50′57″E / 36.88350909°S 174.84913089°E / -36.88350909; 174.84913089
TypeCollection of dried fungi
Key holdingsFungi from Aotearoa New Zealand and the South Pacific
Collection size109,584 objects [1]
Founder G.H. Cunningham
CuratorDr Mahajabeen Padamsee
Owner Landcare Research
Website www.landcareresearch.co.nz/pdd

The New Zealand Fungarium (PDD): Te Kohinga Hekaheka o Aotearoa is the major collection of fungi from Aotearoa (New Zealand). It is one of the largest collections in the Southern Hemisphere. The Fungarium is designated a Nationally Significant Collection by the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment. [2]

Contents

History

The accessioning of collections that led to the establishment of the New Zealand Fungarium (PDD): Te Kohinga Hekaheka o Aotearoa began with the appointment of G.H. Cunningham in 1919 by the Department of Agriculture. Cunningham and the collection were transferred to the Department of Science and Industrial Research's Plant Diseases Division in 1936. This is the origin of the PDD acronym. The DSIR was disestablished and reorganised into a number of Crown Research Institutes (CRI) in 1992. The Fungarium is now part of and maintained by the CRI Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research. [3] [4] [5] [6]

Collections

The Fungarium houses the collections of R.E. Beever (Agaricales, Boletales), G.H. Cunningham (Aphyllophorales, Gasteromycetes, Uredinales), J.M. Dingley (Ascomycetes), E. Horak (Agaricales), S.J. Hughes (Hyphomycetes, sooty moulds), R.F.R. McNabb (Agaricales, Boletaceae, Dacrymycetaceae, Strobilomycetaceae, Tremellaceae), R.H. Petersen (Clavariaceae), G.J. Samuels (Ascomycetes), and K. Curtis. Fungal specimens from the herbarium of the Plant Health and Diagnostic Station, Levin (LEV) have been incorporated into PDD. [5] [7]

The study of the New Zealand native mushrooms and other larger fungi was pioneered by Greta Stevenson, Marie Taylor, and Barbara Segedin from the late 1940s until the 1990s. Collectively they described over 250 new species of New Zealand fungi. All these are available through the Biota of New Zealand or Systematics Collections Data internet portals. [8] [9]

The Fungarium has over 2900 Type specimens – these are the specimens on which the species descriptions are based.  These include over 17000 New Zealand primary Types. [3]

Fungarium staff undertook an assessment in 2019 to identify native fungi that are endangered. As a result, 30 species were added to The International Union for Conservation of Nature's Red List. [10] [11]

Staff talk about the Fungarium

Related Research Articles

Joan Marjorie Dingley was one of the pioneer women of New Zealand science. She worked for the DSIR Plant Diseases Division from 1941 to 1976, becoming the head of mycology. She was a major research scientist in New Zealand for both laboratory and field-based plant pathology, and for taxonomic mycology.

Gordon Herriot Cunningham, CBE, FRS was the first New Zealand–based mycologist and plant pathologist. In 1936 he was appointed the first director of the DSIR Plant Diseases Division. Cunningham established the New Zealand Fungal Herbarium, and he published extensively on taxonomy of many fungal groups. He is regarded as the 'Father' of New Zealand mycology.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research</span> New Zealand research institute

Landcare Research is a New Zealand Crown Research Institute whose focus of research is the environment, biodiversity, and sustainability.

<i>Psilocybe aucklandiae</i> Species of fungus in the family Hymenogastraceae

Psilocybe aucklandiae is a species of agaric fungus in the family Hymenogastraceae. The species is known from the Auckland Region of New Zealand, where it grows from clay soils in exotic pine plantations and native forests. It is phylogenetically similar to or almost the same as Psilocybe zapotecorum from Mexico and South America. As a blueing member of the genus Psilocybe it contains the psychoactive compounds psilocin and psilocybin.

<i>Psilocybe subaeruginosa</i> Species of agaric fungus in the family Hymenogastraceae

Psilocybe subaeruginosa is a species of agaric fungus in the family Hymenogastraceae described in 1927 and known from Australia and New Zealand. As a blueing member of the genus Psilocybe it contains the psychoactive compounds psilocin and psilocybin.

<i>Entoloma hochstetteri</i> Species of fungus

Entoloma hochstetteri, also known as the blue pinkgill, sky-blue mushroom or similar names, is a species of mushroom that is endemic to New Zealand. The small mushroom is a distinctive all-blue colour, while the gills have a slight reddish tint from the spores. The blue colouring of the fruit body is due to azulene pigments. Whether Entoloma hochstetteri is poisonous or not is unknown.

<i>Armillaria limonea</i> Species of fungus

Armillaria limonea is a species of mushroom in the family Physalacriaceae. This plant pathogen species is one of four Armillaria species that have been identified in Aotearoa New Zealand the others are A. novae-zelandiae,A. hinnulea, A. aotearoa).

Psilocybe tasmaniana is a species of coprophilous agaric fungus in the family Hymenogastraceae. It was described by Gastón Guzmán and Roy Watling in 1978 as a small tawny orange mushroom that grows on dung, with a slight blueing reaction to damage, known only from Tasmania and southeastern Australia. It was likened to Psilocybe subaeruginosa although characteristics, appearance, and the association with dung were not typical for that species. As a blueing member of the genus Psilocybe it contains the psychoactive compounds psilocin and psilocybin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Greta Stevenson</span> New Zealand mycologist (1911–1990)

Greta Barbara Stevenson was a New Zealand botanist and mycologist. She described many new species of Agaricales.

<i>Mycena cystidiosa</i> Species of fungus

Mycena cystidiosa is a species of mushroom in the family Mycenaceae. Described as new to science in 1964, it is known only from New Zealand and Australia. The fruit bodies have a broadly conical small white cap up to 12 mm (0.5 in) wide, with distantly spaced cream-coloured gills on the underside. The stipe is particularly long, up to 20 cm (8 in), with an abundant covering of white hairs at the base. The species is known for its abundant rhizomorphs—long, root-like extensions of mycelia.

Ruth Mason was a New Zealand botanist specialising in the taxonomy and ecology of freshwater plants. She was employed at the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research for 35 years undertaking research into aquatic plants, pioneering new techniques for plant preservation and collecting over 13,000 plant specimens in the field. She was awarded life membership by the New Zealand Ecological Society.

<i>Elatostema rugosum</i> Species of flowering plant

Elatostema rugosum is an herbaceous dicot that is considered to be a groundcover. It is commonly called parataniwha, paratāniwhaniwha, New Zealand begonia, and begonia fern. It tends to grow in large masses. Although it has hairs and is in the nettle family, it does not possess any stinging hairs.

The International Collection of Microorganisms from Plants (ICMP) is a major international culture collection of live bacteria, fungi, and chromists based in Auckland, New Zealand.

The New Zealand Nationally Significant Collections and Databases (NSCDs) are government-funded biological and physical collections or databases that are considered important and significant to New Zealand.

Riria Smith was a master in traditional Māori weaving from Northland in New Zealand. She was affiliated to the iwi Ngāti Kurī and the hapū Pohutiare of Te Aupōuri.

Dr Teresa Lebel is a taxonomist and ecologist who works on fungi, with a particular interest in subterranean truffle-like fungi and their mushroom, bolete, bracket or cup relatives.

<i>Clavogaster virescens</i> Species of fungus

Clavogaster virescens is a species of secotioid or pouch-like fungus in the family Strophariaceae. It is endemic and indigenous to New Zealand, where it grows on rotting wood in native bush and mixed native and introduced forests. It has a stout yellowish stem, and a powder blue, purplish or greenish blue cap that forms a pouch, often referred to as a peridium, enclosing reddish brown or orange chambered gleba. The species is sometimes known as the "Spindle Pouch".

<i>Mycena roseoflava</i> Species of fungus

Mycena roseoflava is a species of agaric mushroom in the family Mycenaceae. It was first discovered in 1964 by New Zealand mycologist Greta Stevenson. It is a wood-inhabiting mushroom native to New Zealand.

<i>Boletus leptospermi</i> Species of fungus

Boletus leptospermi is a fungal species in the family Boletaceae.

<i>Pluteus microspermus</i> Species of fungus

Pluteus microspermus is a saprotrophic, mushroom-like (agaricoid) fungi in the Section Pluteus. It is often confused with Pluteus concentricus, a species endemic to New Zealand because P. concentricus also has concentric ridges on its cap (pileus). P. microspermus and P. concentricus can be differentiated by microscopy as the spores are different sizes. P. concentricus also has rougher material on its stipe.

References

  1. Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, 2023 Annual Report Part 01. ISSN 1172-7942
  2. "New Zealand Nationally Significant Collections and Databases". Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment. Retrieved 9 November 2024.
  3. 1 2 Johnston, P. R.; Weir, B. S.; Cooper, J. A. (2017-04-03). "Open data on fungi and bacterial plant pathogens in New Zealand". Mycology. 8 (2): 59–66. doi: 10.1080/21501203.2016.1278409 . ISSN   2150-1203. Creative Commons by small.svg  This article incorporates textfrom this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
  4. Atkinson, J. D. (1976). "DSIR's first fifty years". Information Series (New Zealand. Department of Scientific and Industrial Research). 115. doi:10.7931/DL1-DIS-115.
  5. 1 2 McKenzie EHC. 2004. The history of taxonomic mycology in New Zealand. In: McKenzie EHC, editor. Introduction to fungi of New Zealand. Fungi of New Zealand volume 1. Hong Kong: Fungal Diversity Press; p. 49–80.
  6. Johnston PR. 2006. New Zealand’s nonlichenised fungi - where they came from, who collected them, where they are now. Natl Sci Museum Monographs. 34:37–49.
  7. Rhodes, Lesley L. "Story: Curtis, Kathleen Maisey". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Retrieved 9 November 2024.
  8. "Systematics Collections Data". Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research. Retrieved 9 November 2024.
  9. "BIOTA of NEW ZEALAND: Names and classification of bacteria, fungi, land invertebrates and plants". Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research. Retrieved 9 November 2024.
  10. Chinn, Anna (6 January 2020). "NZ's endangered fungi: 'If it was a bird, people would be up in arms'". Radio New Zealand (RNZ). Retrieved 9 November 2024.
  11. Cooper, J.A.; Buchanan, P.K.; Leonard, P.; Allison-Cooper, L.; Johnston, P.; Padamsee, M.; McKenzie, E.; Michel, P. (2022). Conservation status of selected species of non-lichenised agarics, boletes and russuloid fungi in Aotearoa New Zealand, 2021 (PDF). NEW ZEALAND THREAT CLASSIFICATION SERIES. Vol. 38. Department of Conservation Te Papa Atawhai. ISBN   978-1-99-116195-6 . Retrieved 9 November 2024.