Nizofenone

Nizofenone

Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	International Drug Names
ATC code	N06BX10 ( WHO )
Identifiers
IUPAC name (2-chlorophenyl)(2-{2-[(diethylamino)methyl]-1H-imidazol-1-yl}-5-nitrophenyl)methanone
CAS Number	54533-85-6
PubChem CID	4514
ChemSpider	4357  Y
UNII	7A2NOC3R88
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID401014745 DTXSID5048637, DTXSID401014745
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C21H21ClN4O3
Molar mass	412.87 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES Clc1ccccc1C(=O)c3cc([N+]([O-])=O)ccc3n2ccnc2CN(CC)CC
InChI InChI=1S/C21H21ClN4O3/c1-3-24(4-2)14-20-23-11-12-25(20)19-10-9-15(26(28)29)13-17(19)21(27)16-7-5-6-8-18(16)22/h5-13H,3-4,14H2,1-2H3 Y Key:WZGBZLHGOVJDET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
(verify)

Nizofenone (Ekonal, Midafenone) is a neuroprotective drug which protects neurons from death following cerebral anoxia (interruption of oxygen supply to the brain). It might thus be useful in the treatment of acute neurological conditions such as stroke. ^{[1] [2] [3] [4]}

References

1. Ohta T, Kikuchi H, Hashi K, Kudo Y (March 1986). "Nizofenone administration in the acute stage following subarachnoid hemorrhage. Results of a multi-center controlled double-blind clinical study". Journal of Neurosurgery. 64 (3): 420–426. doi:10.3171/jns.1986.64.3.0420. PMID   3512795.
2. Yasuda H, Izumi N, Nakanishi M, Maruyama Y (1988). "Brain Protection Against Oxygen Deficiency by Nizofenone". Oxygen Transport to Tissue X. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Vol. 222. pp. 403–10. doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-9510-6_48. ISBN   978-1-4615-9512-0. PMID   3364265.
3. Yasuda H, Nakajima A (1993). "Brain protection against ischemic injury by nizofenone". Cerebrovascular and Brain Metabolism Reviews. 5 (4): 264–276. PMID   8110594.
4. Matsumoto Y, Aihara K, Kamata T, Goto N (September 1994). "Nizofenone, a neuroprotective drug, suppresses glutamate release and lactate accumulation". European Journal of Pharmacology. 262 (1–2): 157–161. doi:10.1016/0014-2999(94)90039-6. PMID   7813567.

Further reading

• Yasuda H (1999). "Prevention of neurodegeneration by a neuroprotective radical scavenger". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 893 (1): 430–433. Bibcode:1999NYASA.893..430Y. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb07871.x. PMID   10672283. S2CID   21398803.
• Hayashi Y, Shimada O, Yasuda H, Ikegami K (1994). "Effect of nizofenone on experimental head trauma in mice". Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. 328 (3): 251–260. PMID   7625881.
• Yasuda H, Kishiro K, Izumi N, Nakanishi M (July 1985). "Biphasic liberation of arachidonic and stearic acids during cerebral ischemia". Journal of Neurochemistry. 45 (1): 168–172. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb05489.x. PMID   2987409. S2CID   24857145.
• Yasuda H, Ochi H, Tsumagari T (September 1984). "Stimulation of prostacyclin synthesis by nizofenone". Biochemical Pharmacology. 33 (17): 2707–2709. doi:10.1016/0006-2952(84)90684-1. PMID   6431991.
• Saito I, Asano T, Ochiai C, Takakura K, Tamura A, Sano K (1983). "A double-blind clinical evaluation of the effect of Nizofenone (Y-9179) on delayed ischemic neurological deficits following aneurysmal rupture". Neurological Research. 5 (4): 29–47. doi:10.1080/01616412.1983.11739654. PMID   6149485.
• Ochiai C, Asano T, Takakura K, Fukuda T, Horizoe H, Morimoto Y (1982). "Mechanisms of cerebral protection by pentobarbital and nizofenone correlated with the course of local cerebral blood flow changes". Stroke. 13 (6): 788–796. doi: 10.1161/01.str.13.6.788 . PMID   7147293.
• Yasuda H, Shimada O, Nakajima A, Asano T (October 1981). "Cerebral protective effect and radical scavenging action". Journal of Neurochemistry. 37 (4): 934–938. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb04480.x. PMID   7320731. S2CID   22484255.
• Yasuda H, Nakanishi M, Tsumagari T, Nakajima A, Nakanishi M (November 1979). "The mechanism of action of a novel cerebral protective drug against anoxia I. The effect on cerebral energy demand". Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. 242 (1): 77–85. PMID   543750.
• Tamura A, Asano T, Sano K, Tsumagari T, Nakajima A (1979). "Protection from cerebral ischemia by a new imidazole derivative (Y-9179) and pentobarbital. A comparative study in chronic middle cerebral artery occlusion in cats". Stroke. 10 (2): 126–134. doi: 10.1161/01.str.10.2.126 . PMID   442136.