The Treaty on Comprehensive Strategic Partnership between the Russian Federation and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea is a security and defense treaty between North Korea and Russia. It was signed on 18 June 2024 during a visit by Russian presidentVladimir Putin to North Korea.
The treaty was signed on 18 June 2024 by North Korean leader Kim Jong Un and Russian president Vladimir Putin in Pyongyang. It came amidst deepening ties between Russia and North Korea and suspected North Korean support for Russia during its invasion of Ukraine.[1] Kim described the relationship between two nations as a "fiery friendship" and called the treaty the "strongest ever treaty", while Putin praised it as a "breakthrough document".[2] On 24 October 2024 the agreement was formally ratified by the State Duma[3] and On 6 November same year, by the Federation Council, the Russian parliament's upper house,[4][5] and on 9 November 2024, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed the North Korea-Russia Comprehensive Strategic Partnership Treaty into law.[6] Kim Jong Un in his capacity as the President of the State Affairs Commission of North Korea signed a decree which ratified the treaty on 11 November 2024.[7][8] The treaty officially came into force on 4 December 2024 after the exchange of ratification instruments.[9]
Content
The treaty is composed of a preamble and 23 articles.[10] It covers political, trade, investment, and security cooperation.[11]
Article 3 states "in case a direct threat of armed invasion is created", the two nations "shall immediately operate the channel of bilateral negotiations for the purpose of adjusting their stands" and "discussing feasible practical measures". Article 4 of the treaty states that should either nation "put in a state of war by an armed invasion", the other "provide military and other assistance with all means in its possession without delay" in accordance "with Article 51 of the UN Charter and the laws of the DPRK and the Russian Federation".[10]
Article 8 states the two sides "shall establish mechanisms" to "strengthen defense capabilities to prevent war". Article 10 states that the parties "develop exchanges and cooperation" in areas such as science and "peaceful nuclear energy".[12] The treaty also expresses opposition to "unilateral coercive measures of an extraterritorial nature." Article 16 state the two nations "consider the implementation of such measures to be illegal and acts that violate the U.N. Charter and international norms".[13]
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