The Northeast National Salvation Society was an organization formed by exiles from Manchuria, (the Northeast) in order to put pressure on the Chinese government of Chiang Kai-shek to end its policy of non resistance to the Empire of Japan that had invaded Manchuria after the Mukden Incident and to assist the volunteer armies, especially the Northeast People's Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army in Liaoning, led by Tang Juwu. One of its chief supporters was Zhang Xueliang who privately supported this resistance, despite his public obedience to the government policy of non resistance. Zhang was not publicly associated with the Society and never held office in it, but provided funds and allowed it to use his name when communicating with volunteer armies. [1]
The society was dissolved in 1933, under pressure from Chinese government in Nanjing. [2]
The Mukden Incident, or Manchurian Incident, known in Chinese as the 9.18 Incident (九・一八), was a false flag event staged by Japanese military personnel as a pretext for the 1931 Japanese invasion of Manchuria.
Zheng Xiaoxu was a Chinese statesman, diplomat and calligrapher. He served as the first Prime Minister of Manchukuo.
Zhang Jinghui ; was a Chinese general, warlord and politician during the Warlord era. He is noted for his role in the Japanese puppet regime of Manchukuo in which he served as its second and final Prime Minister.
Ma Zhanshan was a Chinese general famous for resisting the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. Ma was placed in charge of the Northeastern Army in Heilongjiang Province during the invasion and ignored orders from the central government not to resist the Japanese. He became a national hero in China by fighting the unsuccessful but highly symbolic Jiangqiao campaign against the Kwantung Army's advance into Heilongjiang. After his defeat, he feigned defection to the Japanese and was appointed Minister of War in the new Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo. He then joined and took command of the guerrilla campaign against Japanese occupation, taking with him large amounts of supplies, funds, and military intelligence. Ma Zhanshan rejoined the Northeastern Army after the guerilla movement was largely defeated. He continued to oppose Chiang Kai-shek's policy of non-resistance and supported the Xi'an Incident that forced Chiang to form the Second United Front with the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). He commanded several units in the National Revolutionary Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War while covertly cooperating with the CCP. Ma avoided direct participation in the postwar Chinese Civil War and eventually defected the Communists, dying a year later in 1950.
Takashi Hishikari was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army.
Wang Delin was a bandit, soldier, and leader of the National Salvation Army resisting the Japanese pacification of Manchukuo.
Zhang Zuoxiang,(张作相) was an important member of the Fengtian clique and general in the Fengtian Army.
Zang Shiyi was a Chinese general and Governor of Liaoning Province at the time of the invasion of Manchuria in 1932.
Xie Jieshi was a cabinet minister in the Japanese-dominated Empire of Manchukuo, who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs.
Yuan Jinkai, was a politician in the late Qing Empire, serving subsequently under the Beiyang Government and the Fengtian clique, subsequently becoming a cabinet minister in the Empire of Manchukuo.
Yu Zhishan, was a military officer under the Beiyang Government and the Fengtian clique, subsequently becoming a cabinet minister in the Empire of Manchukuo.
Zhang Yanqing, was a politician in the early Republic of China who subsequently collaborated with the Japanese imperialists and became the Foreign Minister of Manchukuo, Japan's puppet state. His father Zhang Zhidong was an important official in the later days of the Qing Empire, while his brother Zhang Renli was an official in the Reorganized National Government of China, another Japan's puppet state, making the two brothers as Japanese collaborators.
Ruan Zhenduo, was a politician in the early Republic of China who subsequently served in a number of Cabinet-level positions in the Empire of Manchukuo.
Lu Ronghuan, was a politician in the early Republic of China who subsequently served in a number of Cabinet posts of the Empire of Manchukuo.
Li Shaogeng, was a politician in the early Republic of China who subsequently served in a number of cabinet posts of the Empire of Manchuria.
Ding Jianxiu, was a politician in the early Republic of China who subsequently served in a number of Cabinet-level ministries of the Empire of Manchukuo.
Sun Qichang , was a politician in the early Republic of China who subsequently served as a cabinet minister in the Empire of Manchukuo.
Shantashil Rajyeswar Mitter, known as Rana Mitter, is a British historian and political scientist of Indian origin who specialises in the history of republican China. He is Professor of the History and Politics of Modern China at the Department of Politics and International Relations at Oxford University, formerly director of Oxford's China Centre, and a Fellow and Vice-Master of St Cross College. His 2013 book China’s War with Japan, 1937-1945: The Struggle for Survival, about the Second Sino-Japanese War, was well received by critics.
Shengjing Times, also known as Shengjing Shibao, usually abbreviated SJSB, was a Japanese-owned Chinese newspaper established in Fengtian on October 18, 1906 by Japanese journalist named Nakajima Masao (中島真雄). It received financial assistance from Japan's consulate-general in Fengtian during its early years.
Chang Yinhuai was a Chinese statesman and general active during the Warlord Era working under the Fengtian clique. He was the governor of Heilongjiang, Minister of Communications, and a close friend and associate of Yang Yuting.