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Hepatology is the branch of medicine that incorporates the study of liver, gallbladder, biliary tree, and pancreas as well as management of their disorders. Although traditionally considered a sub-specialty of gastroenterology, rapid expansion has led in some countries to doctors specializing solely on this area, who are called hepatologists.
Liver transplantation or hepatic transplantation is the replacement of a diseased liver with the healthy liver from another person (allograft). Liver transplantation is a treatment option for end-stage liver disease and acute liver failure, although availability of donor organs is a major limitation. The most common technique is orthotopic transplantation, in which the native liver is removed and replaced by the donor organ in the same anatomic position as the original liver. The surgical procedure is complex, requiring careful harvest of the donor organ and meticulous implantation into the recipient. Liver transplantation is highly regulated, and only performed at designated transplant medical centers by highly trained transplant physicians and supporting medical team. The duration of the surgery ranges from 4 to 18 hours depending on outcome. Favorable outcomes require careful screening for eligible recipient, as well as a well-calibrated live or cadaveric donor match.
Cholecystectomy is the surgical removal of the gallbladder. Cholecystectomy is a common treatment of symptomatic gallstones and other gallbladder conditions. In 2011, cholecystectomy was the eighth most common operating room procedure performed in hospitals in the United States. Cholecystectomy can be performed either laparoscopically, or via an open surgical technique.
A pancreaticoduodenectomy, also known as a Whipple procedure, is a major surgical operation most often performed to remove cancerous tumours from the head of the pancreas. It is also used for the treatment of pancreatic or duodenal trauma, or chronic pancreatitis. Due to the shared blood supply of organs in the proximal gastrointestinal system, surgical removal of the head of the pancreas also necessitates removal of the duodenum, proximal jejunum, gallbladder, and, occasionally, part of the stomach.
Hepatectomy is the surgical resection of the liver. While the term is often employed for the removal of the liver from a liver transplant donor, this article will focus on partial resections of hepatic tissue and hepatoportoenterostomy.
The International Journal of Surgery (IJS), formerly known as The Journal of Surgery, is a peer-reviewed medical journal of surgery established in 2003. The journal has been published by Elsevier since 2005. The journal is affiliated with the Association of Surgeons in Training, the New York Surgical Society and with the Chinese chapter of the International Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association. The journal is published monthly, and articles become open-access after an embargo period of 12 months.
Markus Wolfgang Büchler is a German surgeon and university full professor. He specialises in gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary and transplant surgery, and is especially known for pioneering operations on the pancreas.
Irinel Popescu, M.D. is a Romanian surgeon, specialized in hepato-pancrato-biliary surgery, and a corresponding member of the Romanian Academy. In 2000, he introduced liver transplantation in Romania and in 2008, he also firstly brought robotic surgery to this country.
Sander S. Florman, M.D., is an American transplant surgeon and Director of the Recanati/Miller Transplantation Institute at The Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City. He is a member of the American Society of Transplant Surgeons, the American Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association, the American Society of Transplantation and the American College of Surgeons.
Sir James Rögnvald Learmonth (1895–1967) was a Scottish surgeon who made pioneering advances in nerve surgery.
Dr Subhash Gupta is the chief of liver transplantation, a hepato-pancreato-biliary surgeon, and the chairman of the Max Center of Liver and Biliary Sciences at Max Healthcare, Saket.
Professor Ajith Kumar Siriwardena MBChB, M.D., FRCS, Is the current professor of hepato-pancreatico-biliary surgery at the University of Manchester, and a consultant hepatobiliary surgeon at the Manchester Royal Infirmary.
J. Michael Henderson is an American general and transplant surgeon, with experience in portal hypertension, liver transplantation, and pancreatic disease. Henderson is the Chief Medical Officer at the University of Mississippi Medical Center since 2015. Prior to this role, he was with the Cleveland Clinic from 1992–2014. He was the Chairman of the Department of General Surgery and Director of the Transplant Center for 12 years, and was the Chief Quality Officer for the Cleveland Clinic’s 10-hospital system for eight years.
Saumitra Rawat is an Indian surgical gastroenterologist and the head of Surgical Gastroenterology and Liver Transplant at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi. The Government of India honoured him in 2015 with the award of Padma Shri.
Alexey Nikolaevich Severtsev – a Russian doctor of medicine sciences, professor in the hospital surgery department of the medical faculty in Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University and the chief surgeon of a chain of clinics “MEDSI”.
Steven Clark Cunningham is an American surgeon. He is known for dealing with medical conditions relating to pancreatic, biliary, and liver surgery.
Sir John Bruce, was a Scottish surgeon who was Regius Professor of Clinical Surgery in the University of Edinburgh and President of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh.
Sanjeev Kanoria is a London-based liver transplant surgeon, and healthcare entrepreneur. He is the chairman of Advinia HealthCare as well as the owner and vice-chairman of the supervisory board of Austrian Anadi Bank.
Zheng Shusen is a Chinese engineer and surgeon. He is a liver transplant expert who is a professor and doctoral supervisor at Zhejiang University. He is an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and foreign academician of the Académie Nationale de Médecine. He is internationally known for his studies on organ transplantation and hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery.
Timothy Michael Pawlik is an American surgical oncologist. He is Chair of the Department of Surgery and the Urban Meyer III and Shelley Meyer Chair for Cancer Research at The Ohio State University and Surgeon-in-Chief at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center.
References
- ↑ "International Hepato-Pancreato Biliary Association" . Retrieved 31 December 2013.
- ↑ "GARDEN, Prof. (Olivier) James". Who's Who 2015. Oxford University Press. November 2014. Retrieved 13 November 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Surgical profiles: Professor O James Garden". University of Edinburgh . Retrieved 31 December 2013.
- ↑ James, Garden, O. (1987). "Prediction of outcome following acute variceal haemorrhage". hdl:1842/18218.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ↑ "Professor James Garden". Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
- ↑ "Edinburgh Surgical Sciences Qualification" . Retrieved 31 December 2013.
- ↑ Bland, Kirby I.; Sarr, Michael G.; Büchler, Markus W.; Csendes, Attila; Garden, Oliver James; Wong, John (12 November 2008). General Surgery: Principles and International Practice. ISBN 9781846288326 . Retrieved 31 December 2013.
- ↑ Bland, Kirby I.; Sarr, Michael G.; Büchler, Markus W.; Csendes, Attila; Garden, Oliver James (11 October 2010). Endocrine Surgery: Handbooks in General Surgery. ISBN 9781849964463 . Retrieved 31 December 2013.
- ↑ "Medics slam boozy Jim" . Retrieved 31 December 2013.
- ↑ "Professor O. James Garden CBE, FRSE - The Royal Society of Edinburgh". The Royal Society of Edinburgh. Retrieved 1 February 2018.
- ↑ "No. 60728". The London Gazette (Supplement). 31 December 2013. p. 8.