Okinawan, spoken in Okinawa Island. Documents in Ryukyu Kingdom were written in kanji and hiragana, derived from Japan.
Although generally agreed among linguists to be a distinct language, most Japanese, as well as some Okinawans, tend to think of Okinawan as merely a regional dialect of Japanese, even though it is not intelligible to monolingual Japanese speakers. [1] Modern Okinawan is not written frequently. The Japanese writing system is used in Okinawan scripts.
Tana family documents (田名家文書), which are letters of rank appointment issued by the Shuri Royal Government, are written in Japanese Epistolary style (候文) with Hentaigana . However, after the Satsuma invasion, Japanese culture was banned as part of the policy of exoticizing Ryukyu, and under the policy of Haneji Ōji Chōshū , documents within Ryukyu also began to be written in classical Chinese. [2]
Comparison of official documents of Tana family documents.
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Traditional scripts in Okinawa is called 古文書. Before Satsuma Invasion in 1609, Man'yōgana(万葉仮名) was used in Japanese Epistolary style (候文). Unlike modern writing system あ ( a )can be written in 安・阿・愛・亜・悪 with Cursive script(崩し字) [3] .
The modern conventional ad hoc spellings found in Okinawa.
The system devised by the Council for the Dissemination of Okinawan Dialect (沖縄方言普及協議会).
This system was devised by Okinawa Center of Language Study, a section of University of the Ryukyus. Unlike others, this method is intended purely as a phonetic guidance, and basically only uses katakana. For the sake of an easier comparison, corresponding hiragana are used in this article.
新沖縄文字 (Shin Okinawa-moji), devised by Yoshiaki Funazu (船津好明, Funazu Yoshiaki), in his textbook Utsukushii Okinawa no Hōgen (美しい沖縄の方言; "The beautiful Okinawan Dialect"; ISBN 4-905784-19-0). The rule applies to hiragana only. Katakana is used as in Japanese; just like in the conventional usage of Okinawan.
n 3 | 4 | 5 | |
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ん | っ | ー | |
' | 'n | ||
Conventional | ん | ||
Council | っん | ||
Ryukyu Univ. | |||
New Okinawan | ![]() | ||
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